Reduction of embodied carbon in buildings through use of low carbon strategies and standardization and enforcement of Life Cycle Assessment

The building and construction industry is energy intensive and as of 2021, this industry is responsible for 37% of the total global greenhouse gas emissions. In previous studies of conventional buildings, the operational energy of a building contributed to 80% and the embodied energy contributed to 20% of the total life cycle energy. With increase in policies and standards that focus on reducing the operational energy, low energy and certified green buildings have emerged where the operational energy has considerably reduced. The relative and absolute share of embodied energy in these energy efficient buildings have increased due to excessive use of materials and systems to reduce the operational energy. To meet the World Green Building council’s target of zero carbon in buildings by 2040, it is imperative to reduce embodied energy in buildings. This paper conducts a systematic literature review to understand and attribute the increase in embodied energy in green buildings in the United States of America. Green technologies like geothermal well and photovoltaic systems contribute to the increase in embodied energy in addition to structural and architectural assemblies. A review of the favorable and potential low carbon materials for enforcement in building industry has been conducted to identify the alternatives for carbon intensive construction materials. Finally, the study also evaluates the uncertainties prevailing in the process of Life Cycle Assessment and recommends standardization of LCA process to quantify and benchmark embodied energy in buildings

Strategic sourcing with multi-stakeholders through value co-creation: An evidence from global health care company

This paper explores how a firm is able to consider the value co-creation potential of its suppliers, mediate the goals and actions of both its external and internal stakeholders, and develop strategic supplier partnerships that go beyond compliance to contractual agreements to innovative value co-creation activities. The study contributes to filling a knowledge gap in understanding the process of value co-creation in a service context by providing empirical evidence, by means of case-based action research in a global healthcare company (HCC), on strategic multi-sourcing decision-making and value co-creation within multi-stakeholders׳ collaborative partnerships. The case-based action research discussed in the paper lays a foundation for normative theories of multi-stakeholder multi-souring strategic decision-making. The paper describes how the firm uses the Kraljic portfolio purchasing matrix for initial screening of potential suppliers; identifies multiple stakeholders and mediates multiple stakeholder goals to establish behavioural factors for strategic sourcing decision-making and evaluating the effectiveness of multi-stakeholder collaborative decision-making during the process to develop a value co-creation system. The arguments and findings draw attention to a number of specific stakeholder expectations and goals that need to be considered before embarking on a strategy of a collaborative multi-stakeholder supplier innovation strategy. The findings of the research vindicate and qualify the approach used to develop an innovative collaborative partnership through stakeholder mediation to co-create value

ADVANCED FIRE MONITORING AND CONTROLLING WITH AUTOMATIC DOOR OPENING IN HITECH BUSES

Main aim of this work is to save the passengers in case of fire accidents in buses or trains. In case of fire accidents in buses or trains escaping problems will be less so our system helps in saving the passengers in such cases. Generally in running buses or trains in case of sudden attack of fire accidents will make the passengers panic and the total atmosphere will be also filled with smoke. if in case of closed buses then escaping chances will be also minimum so our proposal system is to monitor the fire condition in the bus and if any threshold value increased means it is treated as fire detection and then water sprinkler will be turned on automatically and the bus will be stopped and door of the bus will be opened in order to provide escape chance for passengers. Hence this work will be helpful in saving the lives in greater extent. By this work we can implement a safety system which avoids saves passengers from fire accidents

Study of various congenital anomalies in fetal and neonatal autopsy

Background: The study of dead is to save the livings. The growing awareness that still births and infant mortalities are unable to reduction has led to a wide spread desire for more information regarding the cause of these deaths. Congenital malformations have become important cause of fetal and neonatal (perinatal) mortality in developed countries and would very soon be increasingly important determinants of fetal and neonatal mortality in developing countries like India. In spite of antenatal diagnostic modality still the fetal autopsy plays the vital role in the conformation as well as identification of congenital anomalies and also for the counseling of the parents, to prevent the fetal congenital anomalies in further pregnancies. This study was undertaken with the purpose of finding out cause of death during the perinatal period at government maternity hospital and pediatric department S.V.R.R.G.G.H. & S.V. medical college Tirupati, and to study the clinical and pathological findings (Gross & microscopic) in fetal and neonatal death.Methods: The present study of congenital anomalies in fetal and neonatal deaths was done at S.V. medical college, Tirupati, over a time period of 2 years from September 2008 to 2010 August. Consent for autopsy in requested compassionately, respectfully and fully informed. The present study included dead fetus and neonates with gestational age above 20 weeks of intra uterine life and within 7 days of post natal life. All fetuses of gestational age <20 weeks and all neonates above 7 days of age were excluded from the study. The study also obtained clearance from the ethical committee of the institution. Autopsy was performed by standard technique adopted by Edith L. Potter. External and internal findings followed by histopathological examination, and autopsy findings were compared with available ultrasound findings.Results: A total of 46 Autopsies performed, 40 (87%) were fetal deaths, 6 (13%) were early neonatal deaths. In a total of 46 fetuses, there were 13 male and 33 female babies. On external examination of 46 fetal and Neonatal (perinatal) deaths, 8 (17.39%) babies showed congenital malformation. On internal examination of the 46 fetal and Neonatal (perinatal) deaths, 4 babies showed internal congenital anomalies. A total of 46 anatomical and histopathologic examinations were done among fetal and neonatal (perinatal) deaths. Out of 13 autopsies on male babies, 2 had congenital malformation and 33 autopsies on female babies, 7 had congenital malformations. Congenital anomalies were commonest in the birth weight group of 1000-1500 grams accounting for 9 cases. Malformations of central nervous system (33.33%) were most common followed by musculoskeletal system (16.66%), genitourinary and respiratory system (8.33%) respectively.Conclusion: Most number of perinatal deaths occurred in low birth weight and preterm babies. Study of malformations greatly helpful in genetic counseling and prenatal diagnosis in successive pregnancies

Induction of Early Biomarkers in a Thrombus-Induced Sheep Model of Ischemic Heart Failure

The levels of brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) are known to be increased in the sera of subjects with heart failure. Existing models do not account for the biomass of thrombus that occurs in patients undergoing myocardial infarction. In this study, we compared the expressions of sheep-derived genes for BNP, MCP-1, and atrial natriuretic peptide in a new large-animal model of thrombus-induced heart failure. Thrombus of autologous platelets was injected directly into the left circumflex coronary arteries of sheep. Cardiac ischemic injury was evaluated by troponin I levels, and heart failure progression was monitored with the aid of echocardiogram-based evaluation. After outlined time intervals, the sheep were killed and their hearts excised for tissue sampling. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, Western blot, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) tests were performed to establish gene and protein expressions. At 72 hours after embolization, myocardial BNP and MCP-1 expressions had increased significantly in the ischemic region, compared either with the nonischemic region or with tissue from healthy sheep. As heart failure progressed to 90 days after embolization, the expression of BNP in the ischemic region decreased, whereas its expression in the nonischemic region increased several fold. In contrast, MCP-1 gene expression showed no changes in either tissue after 90 days of embolization. Plasma levels of BNP, determined by Western blot and ELISA, also correlated with the gene-expression studies. Our results show regional changes in BNP and MCP-1, as well as differences in the expression of these 2 genes

ROLE OF PATHYA - APATHYA IN MANAGEMENT OF GALAGANDA (HYPOTHYROIDISM) – AN AYURVEDIC PERSPECTIVE

Galaganda is a swelling which hangs over the region of Gala like Mushka either big or small in size and resembles the shape of a scrotal sac. It has been described as a disease entity of impaired Vata, Kapha dosha and Medo dhatu along with involvement of Ama and Dhatvagnimandhya. The concept of Kaphavritavata has also been discussed by some Acharyas with Laskhanas such as Saitya, Gurutva, Sopha which can be compared to symptoms like weight gain, edema etc in hypothyroidism with a specific feature of raised TSH levels, it is correlated to Galaganda in Ayurveda. Modernization leads to improper balance and disintegration of health and environment, body, mind and soul leading to lifestyle disorders. Hypothyroidism is one such lifestyle and metabolic disorder which is commonly encountered now days continuing to pose a major health issue. As it also responds to stress and stimuli the global incidence of hypothyroidism is more. The commonest cause of hypothyroidism is dietary deficiency of Iodine. Pathya and Apathya include materialistic substances and specific regimes which effect the body and mind. This article endeavors to put forward the management of hypothyroidism according to its Nidana in Ayurvedic perspective which would help in understanding the etiopathogenesis of the disease and appropriate management of the disease by following Pathya and avoiding Apathya

Management and business implications of IT-supported performance measurement system

EThOS - Electronic Theses Online ServiceGBUnited Kingdo