L’Utilisation des TIC Favorise-T-Elle l’Innovation ? Le Cas des Entreprises Industrielles Marocaines

Cet article examine l’effet de l’utilisation des technologies de l’information et de la communication (TIC) sur l’innovation en introduisant une variété de types de TIC. Nous utilisons les données portant sur un échantillon représentatif de 524 entreprises industrielles marocaines. Nos résultats montrent que l’utilisation des TIC a un effet positif sur la probabilité d’innovation d’une entreprise. Cet impact est différencié selon le type d’innovation et la nature des technologies introduites. Exception faite de la connexion à Internet qui présente un effet positif sur les deux types d’innovation, il apparait que la probabilité que les entreprises industrielles innovent en produit dépend positivement de l’utilisation de machines à commandes numériques alors que la probabilité d’innover en procédé est d’autant plus élevée si elles ont recours à la gestion assistée par ordinateur et aux robots. En outre, nous avons montré que les entreprises qui ont un usage intensif des TIC sont plus enclines à innover en produits et en procédés que celles qui utilisent peu ou pas de TIC.   This article examines whether the use of information and communication technologies (ICTs) has an effect on innovation by introducing a variety of types of ICTs. We use data from a representative sample of 524 Moroccan manufacturing firms. Our results show that the use of ICTs has a positive effect on the firm’s probability to innovate. This impact is differentiated according to the type of innovation and the nature of the technologies introduced. Except for the connection to the Internet, which has a positive effect on both types of innovation, it appears that the probability that manufacturing firms innovate in product positively depends on the use of numerically controlled machines, whereas the probability of introducing process innovations is even greater if they use computer-assisted management and robots. Furthermore, we have shown that firms that are ICT-intensive are more likely to introduce in product and process innovations than those that use little or no ICTs

L’Utilisation des TIC Favorise-T-Elle l’Innovation ? Le Cas des Entreprises Industrielles Marocaines

Cet article examine l’effet de l’utilisation des technologies de l’information et de la communication (TIC) sur l’innovation en introduisant une variété de types de TIC. Nous utilisons les données portant sur un échantillon représentatif de 524 entreprises industrielles marocaines. Nos résultats montrent que l’utilisation des TIC a un effet positif sur la probabilité d’innovation d’une entreprise. Cet impact est différencié selon le type d’innovation et la nature des technologies introduites. Exception faite de la connexion à Internet qui présente un effet positif sur les deux types d’innovation, il apparait que la probabilité que les entreprises industrielles innovent en produit dépend positivement de l’utilisation de machines à commandes numériques alors que la probabilité d’innover en procédé est d’autant plus élevée si elles ont recours à la gestion assistée par ordinateur et aux robots. En outre, nous avons montré que les entreprises qui ont un usage intensif des TIC sont plus enclines à innover en produits et en procédés que celles qui utilisent peu ou pas de TIC.   This article examines whether the use of information and communication technologies (ICTs) has an effect on innovation by introducing a variety of types of ICTs. We use data from a representative sample of 524 Moroccan manufacturing firms. Our results show that the use of ICTs has a positive effect on the firm’s probability to innovate. This impact is differentiated according to the type of innovation and the nature of the technologies introduced. Except for the connection to the Internet, which has a positive effect on both types of innovation, it appears that the probability that manufacturing firms innovate in product positively depends on the use of numerically controlled machines, whereas the probability of introducing process innovations is even greater if they use computer-assisted management and robots. Furthermore, we have shown that firms that are ICT-intensive are more likely to introduce in product and process innovations than those that use little or no ICTs

Introducing a Data Sliding Mechanism for Cooperative Caching in Manycore Architectures

International audienceIn this paper, we propose a new cooperative caching method improving the cache miss rate for manycore micro- architec- tures. The work is motivated by some limitations of recent adaptive cooperative caching proposals. Elastic Cooperative caching (ECC), is a dynamic memory partitioning mechanism that allows sharing cache across cooperative nodes according to the application behavior. However, it is mainly limited with cache eviction rate in case of highly stressed neighbor- hood. Another system, the adaptive Set-Granular Cooperative Caching (ASCC), is based on finer set-based mechanisms for a better adaptability. However, heavy localized cache loads are not efficiently managed. In such a context, we propose a cooperative caching strategy that consists in sliding data through closer neighbors. When a cache receives a storing request of a neighbor's private block, it spills the least recently used private data to a close neighbor. Thus, solicited saturated nodes slide local blocks to their respective neighbors to always provide free cache space. We also propose a new Priority- based Data Replacement policy to decide efficiently which blocks should be spilled, and a new mechanism to choose host destination called Best Neighbor selector. The first analytic performance evaluation shows that the proposed cache management policies reduce by half the average global communication rate. As frequent accesses are focused in the neighboring zones, it efficiently improves on-Chip traffic. Finally, our evaluation shows that cache miss rate is en- hanced: each tile keeps the most frequently accessed data 1- Hop close to it, instead of ejecting them Off-Chip. Proposed techniques notably reduce the cache miss rate in case of high solicitation of the cooperative zone, as it is shown in the performed experiments

Adoption of distance education during the pandemic of covid-19 by Moroccan university students: A qualitative study applying UTAUT model

If there are any doubts about the importance of digital transformation in higher education, The Coronavirus has silenced them. In a changing world, operating digitally is the only way to continue the process of education during confinement and to assure the interactions between students and universities. This article aims to explore the first experience of a group of university students with distance education during Covid 19 crisis. More specifically, this study describes their perceptions and the determinants of their satisfaction and answers the question of recommending distance education even after the pandemic era. We have opted for a qualitative descriptive design guided by a phenomenological approach. A convenience sample of 20 Moroccan university students from different universities regardless of factors such as gender, age, study level and university’s location is chosen to conduct this study; Based on the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) and by making some adoptions to make it more suitable to the context of the sample population and the pandemic context, we developed an interview guide. Study results revealed three major themes including: (1) Moroccan university students resist in the first to use distance education during the confinement, (2) they were not totally satisfied with their digital experience due to many reasons such us non-availability of resources and technical interruptions, (3) the majority of them recommend the hybride way of study. This study highlights the importance of preparing and conducting a change management strategy to embrace and sustain the adoption of distance education and mobilize technical resources and infrastructure to ensure the success of this new practice in Moroccan universities.     JEL Classification: A20 Paper type: Empirical researchIf there are any doubts about the importance of digital transformation in higher education, The Coronavirus has silenced them. In a changing world, operating digitally is the only way to continue the process of education during confinement and to assure the interactions between students and universities. This article aims to explore the first experience of a group of university students with distance education during Covid 19 crisis. More specifically, this study describes their perceptions and the determinants of their satisfaction and answers the question of recommending distance education even after the pandemic era. We have opted for a qualitative descriptive design guided by a phenomenological approach. A convenience sample of 20 Moroccan university students from different universities regardless of factors such as gender, age, study level and university’s location is chosen to conduct this study; Based on the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) and by making some adoptions to make it more suitable to the context of the sample population and the pandemic context, we developed an interview guide. Study results revealed three major themes including: (1) Moroccan university students resist in the first to use distance education during the confinement, (2) they were not totally satisfied with their digital experience due to many reasons such us non-availability of resources and technical interruptions, (3) the majority of them recommend the hybride way of study. This study highlights the importance of preparing and conducting a change management strategy to embrace and sustain the adoption of distance education and mobilize technical resources and infrastructure to ensure the success of this new practice in Moroccan universities.     JEL Classification: A20 Paper type: Empirical researc