Coerced or bribed : workers, trade unions, State and labour laws during 1930's

Orientador: Michael McDonald HallTese (Doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciencias HumanasResumo: O tema desta tese é a regulamentação das relações de trabalho durante os anos 1930. Ao longo das últimas décadas, a legislação trabalhista tem freqüentado as pautas da historiografia do trabalho. O Estado era visto como formulador e executor das leis, durante o período de 1930 a 1945, e esta regulação teria consolidado a submissão de trabalhadores e entidades sindicais ao império burocrático trabalhista. Em oposição a estas perspectivas uma nova historiografia do trabalho questionou o poder ¿demiurgo¿ do Estado. Na medida em que os estudos atentaram para as relações entre sindicatos, Estado, trabalhadores e patrões, uma série de novas questões veio à tona. Os sindicatos não eram tão atrelados, os trabalhadores mantinham estratégias de organização e mobilização e a lei era um campo de disputas. Esta tese parte desta perspectiva. O estudo da regulamentação tem como eixo a judicialização das relações de trabalho, iniciada nos anos 1920 e incrementada durante os anos 1930. A judicialização, resultado da legislação sobre o trabalho, foi observada a partir dos serviços de fiscalização das leis e pelos órgãos de justiça do trabalho. Os encontros entre trabalhadores, sindicato e patrões no âmbito do Estado revelaram a fragilidade do Estado para aplicar as leis, os usos por parte de trabalhadores e sindicatos dos recursos legais, bem como as estratégias do Estado, pelo Ministério do Trabalho, nas tentativas de efetivar o controle sindicalAbstract: The main object of this work is the legislation on labour relations during 1930¿s. Labour historians have been concerned about the legislation over the last decades. The State was often viewed as formulating and executing labour legislation during the 1930 ¿ 1945 period, the result being a labour movement controlled by the State. When historians started to focus on labour unions, workers, employers and the State a range of new questions about the subject arose. Labour unions were not too controlled by the State, workers had strategies to organize and mobilize by right and the law was a field for struggle. This thesis starts from this perspective and studies regulation from the viewpoint of the judicialization of labour relations, begun in the 1920s and increased during the 1930¿s. This judicialization, a result of the legislation, is viewed from the enforcement services of the laws and by the instruments of the labour courts. The encounters of workers, union and owners within the State reveal the State¿s fragility in applying its laws, the uses of legal recourses by workers and unions, as well as the strategies of the State, through the Ministry of Labour, in its attempts to exercise effective control over unionsDoutoradoHistoria SocialDoutor em Históri

Design for Service (DFS) in the Product Development Process (PDP) / Design for Service (DFS) no Processo de Desenvolvimento de Produto (PDP)

Due to the importance and growth of the demand of new products and services, there is a constant necessity to improve business processes. However, there are different approaches from different authors regarding this subject.  In the context of Design for Service (DFS), the first and the most traditional approach among the companies is to develop the products through a Product Development Process (PDP), which fundamentally considers the product design while the services are only intuitively presented throughout the life cycle. The DFS can also be developed in a parallel manner, putting service and product together. However, there are only few methods that integrate DFS into the PDP.  Review the existing literature about the best practices of the Design for Service (DFS) that incorporate “design for service” into the Product Development Process (PDP) in order to bring a better understanding of how to implement the DFS to PDP. The focus of this work is the DFS and its best practices, constituted by a Systematic Literature Review. A Systematic Literature Review elaborated in indexed databases (Scopus, Web of Knowledge, Compendex) was used and it was complemented by exploratory searches in the literature in order to compose the bibliographic portfolio. By examining the portfolio and the selected documents, it was possible to elaborate an analysis and organize it in chronological order, creating a timeline. The results indicate a growing interest in the service area in the past years, and clarify that the period between 2006 and 2014 were the years that had the greater research activity. The results are also important because they identify what the best practices of DFS are and what the important contributions to future research that may lead to the development of a model goal to incorporate DFS into PDP.

Potencial de produção de biodiesel a partir do óleo de frango nas cooperativas do oeste do Paraná

O Brasil ocupa um local de destaque no desenvolvimento e uso de fontes renováveis de energia, devido à sua grande extensão territorial, clima e várias alternativas. Uma destas é a produção de biodiesel, o qual pode substituir o óleo diesel, diminuindo os impactos ao meio ambiente. Na cadeia produtiva de carne de frango é gerado um resíduo, ou seja, óleo de frango, com potencial para produção de biodiesel. Neste trabalho foram determinadas as características físico-químicas que podem influenciar nas reações de transesterificação do óleo de frango. Foi levantado o potencial de produção de óleo de frango nas cooperativas da Região Oeste do Estado do Paraná e rendimento em biodiesel. A produção de biodiesel pelas cooperativas seria de 19.525.209,0 kg/ano de biodiesel e o rendimento de 95%

Chloroquine diphosphate: a risk factor for herpes zoster in patients with dermatomyositis/polymyositis

OBJECTIVES: Herpes zoster has been widely described in the context of different systemic autoimmune diseases but not dermatomyositis/polymyositis. Therefore, we analyzed the prevalence, risk factors and herpes zoster outcomes in this population. METHOD: A retrospective cohort study of herpes zoster infections in dermatomyositis/polymyositis patients was performed. The patients were followed at a tertiary center from 1991 to 2012. For the control group, each patient with herpes zoster was paired with two patients without herpes zoster. Patients were matched by gender and the type of myositis, age at myositis onset and disease duration. RESULTS: Of 230 patients, 24 (10.4%) had a histories of herpes zoster (19 with dermatomyositis and five with polymyositis, two-thirds female). The mean age of the patients with herpes zoster was 44.6±16.8 years. No difference between the groups was found regarding cumulative clinical manifestations. Disease activity, autoantibody, muscle and leukogram parameters were also comparable between the groups. No differences in immunosuppressive (alone or in association with other immunosuppressive therapies) or glucocorticoid (current use, medium dose and cumulative dose in the last two months) therapies were found between patients with and without herpes zoster. However, a higher proportion of patients in the herpes zoster group received chloroquine diphosphate compared to the control group. All of the patients received acyclovir; 58.3% of patients had postherpetic neuralgia and no cases of recurrence were reported. Furthermore, individuals who were taking high prednisone doses at the time of the herpes zoster diagnosis had reduced levels of postherpetic neuralgia. CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that chloroquine diphosphate could predispose patients with dermatomyositis/polymyositis to developing herpes zoster, particularly women and dermatomyositis patients

UV-Visible Spectroscopy Study of Oxidative Degradation of Sunflower Biodiesel

In this study, three antioxidants (blend (hydrogenated cardanol + 5-n-pentadecyl-2-tert-butylphenol), 5-n-pentadecyl-2-tert-butylphenol and ionol BF200) were evaluated for their potential to reduce the degree of oxidation of sunflower biodiesel under thermal stress condition. Each antioxidant was added at a concentration of 1000 ppm. The oxidative degradation was investigated by UV-visible spectroscopy and iodometry were used to monitor the changes using peroxide values. The results showed that, blend and 5-n-pentadecyl-2-tert-butylphenol possess significant potentiality when compared with ionol BF200. The blend and 5-n-pentadecyl-2-tert-butylphenol reduced the absorbance around 31%. The peroxide value showed that, the formulations: sunflower biodiesel/A2, sunflower biodiesel/A3 and sunflower biodiesel/AC showed better results when compared with sunflower biodiesel without antioxidant.Keywords: Antioxidants; Peroxide value; Accelerated oxidation tes

SOLAR ENERGY AND ITS GLOBAL INVESTMENTS

Este trabalho teve por objetivo analisar as pesquisas de energia solar em escala global nos últimos cinco anos a fim de identificar as formas de aplicação dessa fonte de energia e quais países estão participando das pesquisas na área solar. Neste contexto Foram analisadas as publicações sobre energia solar dos últimos cinco anos (2010 – 2015) de revistas científicas voltadas a temática de energias renováveis, sendo adotado o Fator de Impacto (FI) como critério de seleção. Os artigos foram analisados a nível de resumo para um universo amostral de mais de 350 publicações, das quais o índice do FI variou de 3 a 15. Os resultados mostram que os países com maior número de publicações na área de energia solar no mundo foram Índia, China, Espanha, Malásia e Estados Unidos, totalizando mais da metade das pesquisas mundiais. A energia solar térmica teve maior participação nas pesquisas e o ano de 2014 o maior número de publicações em relação a energia solar no mundo

IgA nephropathy and polymyositis: a rare association

AbstractPolymyositis is a systemic and idiopathic inflammatory myopathy that, besides muscle manifestation, may occur with respiratory involvement, gastrointestinal tract and rarely renal involvement. In this latter, there are only two cases of IgA nephropathy, but both in dermatomyositis. On the other hand, we reported, for the first time, a case of IgA nephropathy in polymyositis

Myositis-specific and myositis-associated autoantibody profiles and their clinical associations in a large series of patients with polymyositis and dermatomyositis

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the prevalence of myositis-specific and myositis-associated autoantibodies and their clinical correlations in a large series of patients with dermatomyositis/polymyositis. METHOD: This cross-sectional study enrolled 127 dermatomyositis cases and 95 polymyositis cases. The disease-related autoantibody profiles were determined using a commercially available blood testing kit. RESULTS: The prevalence of myositis-specific autoantibodies in all 222 patients was 34.4%, whereas myositis-associated autoantibodies were found in 41.4% of the patients. The most frequently found autoantibody was anti-Ro-52 (36.9%), followed by anti-Jo-1 (18.9%), anti-Mi-2 (8.1%), anti-Ku (4.1%), anti-SRP (3.2%), anti-PL-7 (3.2%), anti-PL-12 (2.7%), anti-PM/Scl75 (2.7%), and anti-PM/Scl100 (2.7%). The distributions of these autoantibodies were comparable between polymyositis and dermatomyositis, except for a higher prevalence of anti-Jo-1 in polymyositis. Anti-Mi-2 was more prevalent in dermatomyositis. Notably, in the multivariate analysis, anti-Mi-2 and anti-Ro-52 were associated with photosensitivity and pulmonary disorders, respectively, in dermatomyositis. Anti-Jo-1 was significantly correlated with pulmonary disorders in polymyositis. Moreover, anti-Ro-52 was associated with anti-Jo-1 in both diseases. No significant correlation was observed between the remaining autoantibodies and the clinical and/or laboratory findings. CONCLUSIONS: Our data are consistent with those from other published studies involving other populations, although certain findings warrant consideration. Anti-Ro-52 and anti-Jo-1 were strongly associated with one another. Anti-Ro-52 was correlated with pulmonary disorders in dermatomyositis, whereas anti-Jo-1 was correlated with pulmonary alterations in polymyositis

Gathering patients and rheumatologists' perceptions to improve outcomes in idiopathic inflammatory myopathies

Objective: Therapeutic targets in Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathies (IIM) are based on the opinions of physicians/specialists, which may not reflect the main concerns of patients. The authors, therefore, assessed the outcome concerns of patients with IIM and compared them with the concerns of rheumatologists in order to develop an IIM outcome standard set. Methods: Ninety-three IIM patients, 51 rheumatologists, and one physiotherapist were invited to participate. An open questionnaire was initially applied. The top 10 answers were selected and applied in a multiple-choice questionnaire, inquiring about the top 3 major concerns. Answers were compared, and the agreement rate was calculated. Concerns were gathered in an IIM outcome standard set with validated measures. Results: The top three outcome concerns raised by patients were medication side effects/muscle weakness/prevention functionality loss. The top three concerns among rheumatologists were to prevent loss of functionality/to ensure the quality of life/to achieve disease remission. Other's outcomes concerns only pointed out by patients were muscle pain/diffuse pain/skin lesions/fatigue. The agreement rate between both groups was 41%. Assessment of these parameters guided the development of an IIM standard set which included Myositis Disease Activity Assessment Visual Analogue Scale/Manual Muscle Testing/fatigue and pain Global Visual Analogue Scale/Health Assessment Questionnaire/level of physical activity. Conclusion: The authors propose a novel standard set to be pursued in IIM routine follow-up, which includes not only the main patients/rheumatologist outcome concerns but also additional important outcomes only indicated by patients. Future studies are necessary to confirm if this comprehensive approach will result in improved adherence and ultimately in better assistance

Coleção de mapas temporais como auxílio na representação da difusão da COVID-19 no estado de Santa Catarina : Histórico entre 12/03/2020 e 11/05/2020

The purpose of cartography is to present precise spatialized information in maps and specific symbology and the analysis of data in epidemiology has used cartography for more than 200 years to represent the axes of time, person and place and to verify the possible associations between exposure and It is made. More than just allowing communication and historical reporting, maps support political decision-making on several opportunities where geographic information is needed. To collaborate in decision-making, this work aims to present the history of COVID-19 by collection of time maps, using as a case study the spread of the disease in the State of Santa Catarina (SC) between 12/03/2020 and 11/05/2020. As a methodology, historical and documentary research was carried out, organization of geographic databases and also the production of thematic maps. As a result, daily qualitative reports and maps of external and community contamination of the disease were produced (maps every 10 days with numbers of confirmed cases and deaths). It is concluded that the COVID-19 diffusion route coincided with that of the main highway axes of SC, such as that of BR-101, which articulates the coastal and pre-coastal municipalities of the State, as well as BR-282 and BR-153, which integrate the municipalities of western Santa Catarina, notably Concórdia and Chapecó, important agro-industrial centers strongly affected by the disease.El propósito de la cartografía es presentar información espacializada precisa en forma de mapas y simbología específica y el análisis de datos en epidemiología ha utilizado la cartografía durante más de 200 años para representar los ejes de tiempo, persona y lugar y para verificar las posibles asociaciones entre la exposición y Está hecho. Más que solo permitir la comunicación y los informes históricos, los mapas apoyan la toma de decisiones políticas en varias ocasiones donde se necesita información geográfica. Para colaborar en la toma de decisiones, este trabajo tiene como objetivo presentar la historia de COVID-19 mediante la recopilación de mapas temporales, utilizando como caso de estudio la propagación de la enfermedad en el estado de Santa Catarina (SC) entre el 12/03/2020 y 05/11/2020. Como metodología, se llevó a cabo una investigación histórica y documental, la organización de una base de datos geográficos y también la producción de mapas temáticos. Como resultado, se produjeron informes cualitativos diarios y mapas de contaminación externa y comunitaria de la enfermedad (mapas cada 10 días con un número de casos confirmados y muertes). Se concluye que la ruta de difusión de COVID-19 coincidió con la de los ejes principales de carreteras de SC, como la de BR-101, que articula los municipios costeros y precosteros del estado, así como BR-282 y BR- 153, que integran los municipios del oeste de Santa Catarina, especialmente Concórdia y Chapecó, importantes centros agroindustriales fuertemente afectados por la enfermedad.A cartografia tem por finalidade apresentar informações precisas espacializadas na forma de mapas e simbologia específica e a análise de dados em epidemiologia se vale da cartografia há mais de 200 anos para representar os eixos de tempo, pessoa e lugar e verificar as possíveis associações entre exposição e efeito. Mais do que somente permitir a comunicação e o relato histórico, os mapas são suportes à tomada de decisão política em diversas oportunidades onde a informação geográfica é necessária. Para colaborar na tomada de decisão este trabalho tem por objetivo apresentar o histórico da COVID-19 por coleção de mapas temporais, utilizando como estudo de caso a difusão da doença no estado de Santa Catarina (SC) entre os dias 12/03/2020 e 11/05/2020. Como metodologia se realizou uma pesquisa histórica e documental, organização de banco de dados geográficos e também a produção de mapas temáticos. Como resultados foram produzidos relatos qualitativos diários e mapas da contaminação externa e comunitária da doença (mapas a cada 10 dias com os números de casos confirmados e óbitos). Conclui-se que a rota de difusão do COVID-19 coincidiu com a dos eixos rodoviários principais de SC, como o da BR-101, que articula os municípios litorâneos e pré-litorâneos do estado, bem como das BR-282 e BR-153, que integram os municípios do Oeste catarinense, notadamente Concórdia e Chapecó, importantes centros agroindustriais fortemente afetados pela doença