O efeito da escola no desempenho cognitivo de seus alunos

Entre as várias funções atribuídas à escola atribuímos neste artigo primazia ao ensino e aprendizagem de conteúdos cognitivos. Não só as expectativas dos pais são maiores em relação a esta função da escola, como a atual preocupação da sociedade brasileira com o nível de conhecimentos com os quais os alunos terminam a sua educação básica justificam a escolha. O artigo apresenta e discute os fatores associados ao desempenho cognitivo, classificando-os em três grandes categorias: os associados à estrutura escolar, os associados à família e àqueles relacionados ao próprio aluno. Um modelo conceitual, fruto de síntese da literatura, é apresentado. Utilizando dados empíricos coletados recentemente verifica-se que a capacidade explicativa destes fatores registrada na literatura internacional vale também para a realidade brasileira

Tool Development for Human Audible Spectrum Compensation

Communication relies on good understanding. Humans relate to each other through visual, audible and tactile communication. It is imperative that the audible communication message reaches the receiver in good conditions, in order to keep a healthy, smooth and understandable speech. There are some disturbances in human speech and communication when hearing damage is present. Nowadays, hearing loss is a frequent injury, caused by noise pollution, daily stress or noisy workplaces. Yet, it can be treated by several ways. This project consists in developing a tool that captures the emitter's voice audible spectrum, filters the noise and other frequencies, and compensates the message, enabling the listener/receiver understanding. The purpose of this research is not aimed to substitute nor compete with hearing aids in the market, which are well-developed, certified and prescribed by Otorhinolaryngology clinicians. The focus of this study is to identify the issues of human hearing loss and to develop an algorithm for hearing compensation by using filtering techniques in a simulated environment applied to a hearing model

O SALVAMENTO DOS VESTÍGIOS ESTRUTURAIS DO NAVIO PORTUGUÊS DO SÉCULO XVI DE ORANJEMUND, NAMÍBIA, 2008-2009 – UM EXEMPLO DE COOPERAÇÃO ENTRE UM ESTADO “COSTEIRO” E UM ESTADO “DE BANDEIRA”

Ao proporcionar uma acrescida acessibilidade do património cultural subaquático, a invenção do escafandro autónomo deu origem, após a 2ª Guerra Mundial, ao nascimento da arqueologia subaquática, mas também, simultaneamente, ao exponencial agravamento da vulnerabilidade deste património face aos caçadores de recordações e de tesouros – expressões a diferentes níveis da predatória “caça aos tesouros submersos” – actividade que concerne muitos países, entre os quais Portugal, cujo património cultural subaquático, por razões geográficas e históricas, jaz em águas de todo o mundo. Em 2001, perante o imperativo de salvaguarda do património cultural subaquático mundial, aUNESCO adoptou a Convenção sobre a Protecção do Património Cultural Subaquático, até à data ratificada ou aceite por 44 países de todos os continentes, entre os quais se contam, a Espanha (em 2005), Portugal (em 2006), a Itália (em 2010), e a França (em 2013), países de tradição marítima histórica

Marx no século XXI: uma leitura de O Capital à luz da realidade contemporânea

O objetivo central  deste trabalho é mostrar que a teoria do valor de  Marx continua atual. Para mostra sua atualidade é necessário repensar sua teoria em sua totalidade, para não cair numa concepção sectária de sua teoria

Real Time Internet DGPS Service

The accuracy of the Navigation Satellite Timing and Ranging (NAVSTAR) Global Positioning System (GPS) measurements is insufficient for many outdoor navigation tasks. As a result, in the late nineties, a new methodology – the Differential GPS (DGPS) – was developed. The differential approach is based on the calculation and dissemination of the range errors of the GPS satellites received. GPS/DGPS receivers correlate the broadcasted GPS data with the DGPS corrections, granting users increased accuracy. DGPS data can be disseminated using terrestrial radio beacons, satellites and, more recently, the Internet. Our goal is to provide mobile platforms within our campus with DGPS data for precise outdoor navigation. To achieve this objective, we designed and implemented a three-tier client/server distributed system that establishes Internet links with remote DGPS sources and performs campus-wide dissemination of the obtained data. The Internet links are established between data servers connected to remote DGPS sources and the client, which is the data input module of the campus-wide DGPS data provider. The campus DGPS data provider allows the establishment of both Intranet and wireless links within the campus. This distributed system is expected to provide adequate support for accurate (submetric) outdoor navigation tasks

Evaluation of a real time DGPS data server

The goal of the this paper is to show that the DGPS data Internet service we designed and developed provides campus-wide real time access to Differential GPS (DGPS) data and, thus, supports precise outdoor navigation. First we describe the developed distributed system in terms of architecture (a three tier client/server application), services provided (real time DGPS data transportation from remote DGPS sources and campus wide data dissemination) and transmission modes implemented (raw and frame mode over TCP and UDP). Then we present and discuss the results obtained and, finally, we draw some conclusions

Internet based VRS Code Positioning

Absolute positioning – the real time satellite based positioning technique that relies solely on global navigation satellite systems – lacks accuracy for several real time application domains. To provide increased positioning quality, ground or satellite based augmentation systems can be devised, depending on the extent of the area to cover. The underlying technique – multiple reference station differential positioning – can, in the case of ground systems, be further enhanced through the implementation of the virtual reference station concept. Our approach is a ground based system made of a small-sized network of three stations where the concept of virtual reference station was implemented. The stations provide code pseudorange corrections, which are combined using a measurement domain approach inversely proportional to the distance from source station to rover. All data links are established trough the Internet