Effects of two types of low impact physical training on screen time among overweight adolescents

Introduction: The time that adolescents spend in front of some screen as TV, computer, video games and mobile phones, has been considered a risk factor for obesity and non-communicable chronic diseases.Objective: To analyze the effectiveness of two types of low impact training on the screen time and the BMI of overweight adolescents.Methods: Sixty-seven adolescents were allocated into three groups: control group (CG); hydrogimnastic (HG); and jump (JG). The three groups had a weekly session of nutritional guidance; Additionally, the HG and JG trained 12 weeks with three weekly sessions ranging between 24 and 32 minutes as stage periodization training with hydrogimnastic and jump, respectively. Anthropometric measurements were performed, and screen time through a questionnaire created for this study in order to identify the amount of hours that adolescents passed in front of a screen. The questionnaire was carried out before and after the training period, as well as anthropometric assessments.Results: There was no difference pre and post-intervention in screen time for the three groups, however, there was a decrease in BMI in both exercise groups of the pre-training period for post-training.Conclusion: There was no reduction of the screen time, however the BMI decreased in the exercise groups

O Papel do Enfermeiro na Assistência ao Parto Humanizado

Introduction: The humanization of childbirth care, including the birth of the newborn, demands changes in behavior, attitudes and conduct from the health team that monitors the woman at this moment of utmost importance for the patient, which ensures even more respect and dignity during this process. Objectives: To analyze women's perception regarding the nursing care received during labor. Method: This is a comprehensive literature review, an integrative review that synthesizes scientific knowledge through different databases, systematized and included in the practical application of important discoveries from Google Scholar research sources; BVS, BDENF, SCIELLO. Results: After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, the study sample consisted of 14 articles, filtered between the years 2017 and 2023, where these studies address the role of nurses in humanized birth care. Conclusion: The nurse must provide excellent humanized care, seeking to listen to the patient, clarify all doubts, explain step by step the procedures that will be performed.Introdução: A humanização na assistência do parto, incluindo o nascimento do recém-nascido demanda mudanças de comportamento, atitudes e condutas da equipe de saúde que faz o acompanhamento da mulher nesse momento de suma importância para a paciente, isso faz com que garanta ainda mais respeito e dignidade durante este processo. Objetivos: Refletir acerca da atuação do enfermeiro na assistência humanizada ao parto. Método: Trata-se de uma revisão abrangente de literatura, uma revisão integrativa onde sintetiza o conhecimento científico por meio de diferentes bases de dados sistematizado e incluído na aplicação prática de importantes descobertas de fontes de pesquisa do Google Acadêmico; BVS, LILACS, SCIELLO. Resultados: Após a aplicação dos critérios de inclusão e exclusão, a amostra do estudo foi composta por 14 artigos, filtrados entre os anos de 2017 a 2023, onde esses estudos abordam o papel do enfermeiro na assistência do parto humanizado. Conclusão: O enfermeiro deve proporcionar um ótimo atendimento humanizado, buscando ouvir a paciente, esclarecer todas as dúvidas, explicar passo a passo os procedimentos que iram ser realizados

Nordic walking training in elderly, a randomized clinical trial. Part II: Biomechanical and metabolic adaptations

BACKGROUND: Nordic walking is an attractive method of endurance training. Nevertheless, the biomechanic response due to the additional contribution of using poles in relation to free walking training has been less explored in the elderly. PURPOSE: This randomized parallel controlled trial aimed to assess the effects of 8 weeks of Nordic walking and free walking training on the walking economy, mechanical work, metabolically optimal speed, and electromyographic activation in elderly. METHODS: Thirty-three sedentary elderly were randomized into Nordic walking (n = 16) and free walking group (n = 17) with equalized loads. Submaximal walking tests were performed from 1 to 5 km h-1 on the treadmill. RESULTS: Walking economy was improved in both free and Nordic walking groups (x2 4.91, p = 0.014) and the metabolically optimal speed was increased by approximately 0.5 km h-1 changing the speed-cost profile. The electromyographic activation in lower and upper limbs, pendular recovery, and total, external, and internal mechanical work remained unchanged (p > 0.05). Interestingly, the internal mechanical work associated with arm movement was higher in the Nordic walking group than in the free walking group after training, while the co-contraction from upper limb muscles was reduced similarly to both groups. CONCLUSIONS: Eight weeks of Nordic walking training effectively improved the walking economy and functionality as well as maintained the gait mechanics, similar to free walking training in elderly people. This enhancement in the metabolic economy may have been mediated by a reduction in the co-contraction from upper limb muscles. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrails.gov NCT03096964

MICROBIOLIZAÇÃO DE SEMENTES DE ALFACE COM Bacillus spp. PARA CONTROLE DE FUNGOS FITOPATOGÊNICOS

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito da microbiolização de sementes de alface (Lactuca sativa L.) cv. ‘Grandes Lagos Americana’ e ‘Americana Delícia’ com diferentes isolados de Bacillus para controle de fungos fitopatogênicos, assim como avaliar a qualidade sanitária e a taxa de transmissão dos patógenos associados a estas sementes. A análise sanitária das sementes foi realizada por meio do método do Blotter Test. Para quantificar a taxa de transmissão dos fitopatógenos, 400 sementes de cada cultivar foram semeadas em bandejas contendo substrato composto de solo:areia grossa:vermiculita (3:1:1), avaliando-se aos 7, 14 e 21 dias após a semeadura. Fragmentos de folha, caulículo e raiz foram transferidos para placa de Petri contendo meio de cultura BDA e incubados em câmara BOD. A avaliação da transmissão foi realizada sete dias após a incubação em relação a presença de patógenos, quantificando-se a porcentagem de transmissão. As sementes de alface foram microbiolizadas com diferentes isolados de Bacillus: B47 – B. amyloliquefaciens; B41, B22 e B22’ – B. methylotrophicus; e B7’ – B. thuringiensis. Após o tratamento, as sementes foram plaqueadas em meio BDA e incubadas. Os resultados mostraram que as sementes da cv. ‘Grandes Lagos Americana’ apresentaram a maior percentagem de contaminação por fungos nos testes de sanidade e transmissão. Os isolados B47 e o B22 foram os mais eficientes no controle dos fungos transmitidos pelas sementes de alface das cultivares avaliadas.The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the microbiolization of lettuce seeds (Lactuca sativa L.) cv. ‘Grandes Lagos Americana’ and ‘Americana Delícia’ with Bacillus spp. to control of plant pathogenic fungi as well as assessing the health quality, and the rate of transmission of pathogens associated with these seeds. The health quality of the seeds was carried out using the Blotter Test method. To quantify the transmission rate of phytopathogens, 400 seeds of each cultivars were sowing in trays containing substrate soil:gravel:vermiculite (3:1:1) and the evaluations carried out at 7, 14 and 21 days after sowing. Fragments of leaf, the stem and root were plated in PDA medium in Petri dishes and incubated in BOD. Transmission assessment was performed seven days after incubation as for a presence of pathogens, quantifying the percentage of transmission. The lettuce seeds were microbiolized with different Bacillus isolates: B47 – B. amyloliquefaciens; B41, B22 e B22’ – B. methylotrophicus; e B7’ – B. thuringiensis. After treatment, the seeds were placed in Petri dishes containing BDA medium and incubated. The results showed that the seeds of cv. ‘Grandes Lagos Americana’ had the highest percentage of fungi contamination in the health quality and transmission tests. Isolates B47 and B22 were the most efficient in controlling the fungi transmitted by the lettuce seeds of the evaluated cultivars

High-concentration carbamide peroxide can reduce the sensitivity caused by in-office tooth bleaching: a single-blinded randomized controlled trial

Objectives: A single-blinded, randomized, parallel clinical trial evaluated the use of 37% carbamide peroxide (CP) on bleaching effectiveness and tooth sensitivity reported by patients undergoing in-office tooth bleaching, in comparison with the results of using 35% hydrogen peroxide. Material and Methods:Forty patients were allocated to receive two sessions of in-office tooth bleaching using either 35% hydrogen peroxide (HP) or 37% CP. Each patient’s sensitivity level was evaluated during and up to 24 h after bleaching. The effectiveness of the bleaching procedures was evaluated with a spectrophotometer one week after each session and 30 days after the last session. The impact of tooth bleaching on the patients’ perceptions regarding smile changes, in addition to the bleaching procedures and their results, were also recorded. Absolute and relative sensitivity risks were calculated. Data on sensitivity level were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney or T-test, and data from the color evaluation were subjected to 2-way repeated measures ANOVA. Results: The use of CP reduced the risk and level of tooth sensitivity to values close to zero, whereas the difference between the bleaching agents disappeared after 24 h. An increased bleaching effect was observed for HP, mainly due to an improved reduction of redness and yellowness. Participants perceived improved tooth bleaching for HP and reduced sensitivity for CP, but no differences regarding the comfort of the techniques were noted. Conclusions: In our study, 37% CP resulted in reduced tooth sensitivity but decreased the tooth bleaching effectiveness. However, both bleaching agents resulted in high levels of patient satisfaction

Simultaneous presentation of trichotillomania and neurotic excoriation in a schizophrenic patient: case report: Apresentação simultânea de tricotilomania e escoriação neurótica em paciente esquizofrênico: relato de caso

The present report aims to describe the case of a patient with excoriation disorder and trichotillomania comorbid with schizophrenia. This is a patient diagnosed with schizophrenia more than 30 years ago and who had a stabilized psychic condition. In one of his periodic evaluations, he began to demonstrate compulsive acts of picking at the skin and from then onwards, lesions appeared on the face, upper limbs and scalp with progressive involvement of other regions. The approach of these mental disorders represented a challenge, because despite a growing number of studies, clinical and therapeutic questions remain open

Avaliação do consumo alimentar e prevalência de constipação intestinal funcional em estudantes do Curso de Nutrição

The activities attributed to men, whether at school, work, and family, cause interference in their quality of life, such as changes in eating habits, in which they choose easily prepared meals. These changes favor the development of chronic noncommunicable diseases, such as Functional Intestinal Constipation. This paper aims to evaluate the food intake and the prevalence of functional constipation in Nutrition students. Quantitative, cross-sectional study conducted with 60 undergraduates, 55 female and 5 male, aged between 18 and 30 years. Nutritional status was determined by body mass index, food intake by 24-hour recall, analysis was performed using the NutWin v.1.5 program. To identify functional bowel constipation, the Roman III and Bristol Scale criteria were used. Statistical analysis of the data was performed using Biostat v.5.0 using the T Student test to compare mean values and standard deviation. The body mass index presented values of 22.6 (±3.1), characterizing the participants as eutrophic. In relation to food consumption the amount of energy presented mean and standard deviation equal to 2757±551.9 *, protein 99.0±2.6, Lipids 72.8±5.3 *, carbohydrate 310±48.2 * and fiber 16.9±5.9, with significant difference between the consumption of the analyzed nutrients (p<0.05) when compared to the Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIS). Regarding functional intestinal constipation, there was a prevalence of 33%. From the results found the high consumption of protein, fat, simple carbohydrate associated with low fiber intake, with high prevalence of functional bowel constipation among college students.As atividades atribuídas ao homem, na escola, no trabalho ou na família provocam interferências na sua qualidade de vida, como mudanças nos hábitos alimentares, optando-se por refeições de fácil preparação. Essas mudanças favorecem o desenvolvimento das doenças crônicas não transmissíveis, como a constipação intestinal funcional. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o consumo alimentar e a prevalência de constipação intestinal funcional em estudantes do Curso de Nutrição. É um estudo de natureza quantitativa, transversal, realizado com 60 universitários, 55 do sexo feminino e 5 do sexo masculino, com idades entre 18 e 30 anos. O estado nutricional foi determinado pelo índice de massa corpórea, o consumo alimentar pelo Recordatório de 24 horas e a análise foi realizada pelo programa NutWin v.1.5. Para a identificação da constipação intestinal funcional se utilizaram os critérios de Roman III e a Escala de Bristol. A análise estatística dos dados foi realizada por meio Biostat v.5.0 utilizando o teste T Student para comparar os valores médios e o desvio padrão. O índice de massa corpórea apresentou valores de 22,6 (±3,1), caracterizando os participantes como eutróficos. Com relação ao consumo alimentar, a quantidade de energia teve média e desvio padrão iguais a 2757±551,9*, proteína 99,0±2,6, lipídeos 72,8±5,3*, carboidrato 310±48,2* e fibras 16,9±5,9, com diferença significativa entre o consumo dos nutrientes analisados (p<0,05) quando comparados às Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIS). Quanto à constipação intestinal funcional, houve prevalência de 33%. A partir dos resultados, constatou-se o consumo elevado de proteínas, gordura, carboidrato simples associado à baixa ingestão de fibras, com alta prevalência de constipação intestinal funcional entre os universitários

Microbiomes of Velloziaceae from phosphorus-impoverished soils of the campos rupestres, a biodiversity hotspot

The rocky, seasonally-dry and nutrient-impoverished soils of the Brazilian campos rupestres impose severe growth-limiting conditions on plants. Species of a dominant plant family, Velloziaceae, are highly specialized to low-nutrient conditions and seasonal water availability of this environment, where phosphorus (P) is the key limiting nutrient. Despite plant-microbe associations playing critical roles in stressful ecosystems, the contribution of these interactions in the campos rupestres remains poorly studied. Here we present the first microbiome data of Velloziaceae spp. thriving in contrasting substrates of campos rupestres. We assessed the microbiomes of Vellozia epidendroides, which occupies shallow patches of soil, and Barbacenia macrantha, growing on exposed rocks. The prokaryotic and fungal profiles were assessed by rRNA barcode sequencing of epiphytic and endophytic compartments of roots, stems, leaves and surrounding soil/rocks. We also generated root and substrate (rock/soil)-associated metagenomes of each plant species. We foresee that these data will contribute to decipher how the microbiome contributes to plant functioning in the campos rupestres, and to unravel new strategies for improved crop productivity in stressful environments6COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DE PESSOAL DE NÍVEL SUPERIOR - CAPESFUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO - FAPESP88881.068071/2014-012016/23218-0Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP)Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP) [2016/23218-0]; U.S. Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute (DOE-JGI)United States Department of Energy (DOE) [CSP 503222]; Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES)CAPES [88881.068071/2014-01]; FAPESPFundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP) [2018/04240-0]; CAPESCAPES; Office of Science of the U.S. Department of EnergyUnited States Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-AC02-05CH11231

Adaptation behaviour, consumption and digestibility in change of diet in ruminants

Todos os textos, informa??es e resultados apresentados s?o de inteira responsabilidade dos autores.Objetivou-se com esta revis?o, reunir informa??es sobre adapta??o de comportamento, consumo e digestibilidade na mudan?a da dieta em ruminantes. Durante a vida, os animais passam por diversas mudan?as na alimenta??o. A primeira transi??o acontece na fase inicial, quando h? a substitui??o de alimentos l?quidos por s?lidos, esta altera??o deve ser realizada de forma fracionada, com maiores volumes de aleitamento nas primeiras semanas diminuindo gradualmente at? o desaleitamento. Outra mudan?a na alimenta??o se deve a estacionalidade, ocorrendo varia??o na quantidade e qualidade da forragem dispon?vel. No per?odo da seca, as forrageiras tropicais apresentam baixo valor nutritivo, com teores de PB inferiores ao m?nimo de 7,0% na MS, limitando a atividade de microrganismos. Em animais em termina??o h? aumento no n?vel de concentrado na dieta, a transi??o de uma dieta com alta propor??o de volumoso para uma com alta propor??o de concentrado ? um dos fatores que causa maiores impactos sobre a microbiota ruminal. A adapta??o a uma nova dieta ? um ponto cr?tico para a produ??o animal. ? importante conhecer as mudan?as de comportamento, de consumo e de digestibilidade e o tempo necess?rio para que os animais estejam adaptados ? nova dieta, evitando causar danos no desenvolvimento e na produ??o animal.The objective of this review, gather information about adaptive behavior, intake and digestibility in diet change in ruminants. During life, the animals undergo several changes in food, the first transition occurs at an early stage, when there is the replacement net for solid foods, this amendment should be held in divided doses with larger feeding volumes in the first weeks gradually decreasing until weaning. Another shift in power is due to seasonality, occurring variation in the quantity and quality of available forage. During the dry season, tropical forages have low nutritional value, with lower crude protein content to a minimum of 7.0% in MS, limiting microorganism activity. In finishing animals there is an increase in the concentrate level in the diet, the transition from a diet with a high proportion of roughage for a high proportion of concentrate is one of the factors that cause major impacts on ruminal microflora. Adapting to a new diet is critical for livestock production. It is important to minimize the inappropriate handling during this period, knowing the changes in behavior, consumption and digestibility and the time required for the animals are adapted to the new diet, avoiding damage in developing and animal production

Crude protein of tropical forage legumes grown in silvopastural system and full sol

Todos os textos, informa??es e resultados apresentados s?o de inteira responsabilidade dos autores.Ag?ncia financiadora para a realiza??o desse trabalho: Funda??o de Amparo ? Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG).Objetivou-se neste estudo avaliar o teor de prote?na bruta (PB) de tr?s leguminosas forrageiras tropicais cultivadas em dois sistemas: no sub-bosque de sistema silvipastoril (SSP) e a pleno sol. O experimento foi conduzido em Curvelo-MG, na fazenda experimental da UFVJM. Utilizou-se um delineamento em blocos casualizados em esquema fatorial 2 (SSP e pleno sol) x 3 esp?cies (estilosantes, kudzu tropical e macrotiloma) com 4 repeti??es. O teor de PB foi determinado nas por??es: planta inteira, folha e hastes das tr?s leguminosas forrageiras em fun??o dos tratamentos. Foi observado efeito de esp?cie para as por??es planta inteira e haste (P<0,05), n?o sendo verificado este efeito para a por??o folha. Os maiores teores de PB para planta inteira e haste foram encontrados nas esp?cies kudzu e estilosantes (P<0,05), os quais diferiram do teor de PB apresentado no macrotiloma. Para o teor de PB na folha observou-se efeito da intera??o esp?cie x sistema de cultivo, tendo o macrotiloma apresentado acr?scimo no valor de PB (P<0,05) quando cultivado no sub-bosque do SSP. O sombreamento no sub-bosque do sistema silvipastoril estudado n?o promoveu incremento no teor de prote?na bruta para nenhuma das esp?cies cultivadas.The aim of this study was to evaluate the crude protein (CP) of three tropical forage legumes grown in two systems: the silvopastoral system understory (SSP) and full sun. The experiment was conducted in Curvelo, Minas Gerais at the experimental farm of UFVJM. We used a randomized block design in a factorial 2 (SSP and full sun) x 3 species (estilosantes, tropical kudzu and macrotiloma) with 4 repetitions. The crude protein content was determined in portions: Whole plant, leaves and stems of three forage legumes in the treatments. Kind of effect was observed for whole plant and stem portions (P <0.05), not being checked for this purpose the sheet portion. The higher crude protein content for whole plant and stem were found on kudzu and estilosantes species (P <0.05), which differ from the CP content presented in macrotiloma. For the PB content in the leaf it was observed effect of interaction species x cropping system, with the macrotiloma presented increase in the amount of CP (P <0.05) when grown in SSP understory. The shading in the understory of the silvopastoral system studied did not promote increase in crude protein content for any of the cultivated species