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    Π Π°Π½Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ΅ исслСдованиС эффСктивности элСктрофизиологичСского ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ½Π³Π° дСксмСдСтомидина Ρƒ ΠΏΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² с ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π³ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ·Π³Π° Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π³Π΅Π½Π΅Π·Π°

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    Background.At the same time, the main effect of the use of this drug is the elimination of the autonomic nervous system dysfunction and sympatholysis. It seems important to search for a method of indications and selection of a dose of dexmedetomidine in intensive care.Aims to improve the clinical effectiveness of the electrophysiological navigation of the prolonged use of dexmedetomidine in patients with brain pathology of various origins.Methods.The study included 83 patients 2050 days after the traumatic brain injury, anoxic damage; consequences of acute disorders of cerebral. 37 patients comprised the 1st intervention group with a clinical course of dexmedetomidine (male 28; female 9; average age 49.62.3 years) and 46 patients comprised the 2nd control group without pharmacological correction with dexmedetomidine (male 23; female 23, average age 512.5 years). Criteria for the inclusion of prolonged infusion of the drug dexmedetomidine (Orion Pharma, Finland) are based on heart rate variability (HRV) indicators characteristic of sympathetic hyperactivity, the target task of titration of doses of dexmedetomidine served as the parameters for achieving normal HRV indicators, the appearance of parasympathetic hyperactivity served as the basis for reducing the dosage of the drug or stopping it of application. HRV parameters were recorded before dexmetomedine infusion-initially, on 13; 45; 910; 1520 days of drug administration.Results.The starting dose of dexmedetomidine with sympathetic hyperactivity in patients was 0.12 to 0.24 g.kg1.hr1(average dose 0.160.01; total 200 mg/day). According to digital data from HRV, the effective dose of dexmedetomidine ED50 was 0.260.03 g.kg1.hr1(total daily 353.835.1 g) and was achieved on day 910 using dexmedetomidine.Conclusions.The protective role of dexmedetomidine with correction of sympathetic hyperactivity based on electrophysiological navigation according to the HRV is reliable in the following indicators: The improvement of consciousness; a significant decrease in the incidence of distress lung syndrome; septic shock; mortality.ОбоснованиС. ДСксмСдСтомидин ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ΡΡΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡ€Π½ΠΎΠΉ сСдациииликвидации симптомов симпатичСской гипСрактивности (аТиотация, тахикардия, гипСртСнзияит.ΠΏ.). Основной эффСкт примСнСния Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Π° устранСниС дисфункции Π°Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π½Π΅Ρ€Π²Π½ΠΎΠΉ систСмыисимпатолизис. ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ поиск ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π±ΠΎΡ€ Π΄ΠΎΠ·Ρ‹ дСксмСдСтомидинавинтСнсивной Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ.ЦСль исслСдования ΡƒΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΡˆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ возмоТности ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ½Π³Π°ΠΈΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ‡Π΅ΡΠΊΡƒΡŽ ΡΡ„Ρ„Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ примСнСнияидозирования Π΄Π΅ΠΊΡΠΌΠ΅Π΄Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ элСктрофизиологичСской навигацииупациСнтовспатологиСй Π³ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ·Π³Π° Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π³Π΅Π½Π΅Π·Π°.ΠœΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹.ВисслСдованиС Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΎ 83 ΠΏΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π° (51 ΠΌΡƒΠΆΡ‡ΠΈΠ½Π°, 32 ΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ‰ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹; срСдний возраст 50,381,7 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π°)Π²ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΎΠ΄ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ 20днСйспослСдствиями: Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΏΠ½ΠΎ-ΠΌΠΎΠ·Π³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π²ΠΌΡ‹ (ЧМВ) (n=24; 28,9%); острого Π½Π°Ρ€ΡƒΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ·Π³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ кровообращСния (ОНМК) (n=17; 20,5%); аноксичСского поврСТдСния Π³ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ·Π³Π° (n=16; 19,3%); ΡΡƒΠ±Π°Ρ€Π°Ρ…Π½ΠΎΠΈΠ΄Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ кровоизлияния (n=23; 27,7%); нСйрохирургичСских ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΉΠ½Π°Π³ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΌΠΎΠ·Π³Π΅ (n=3; 3,6%). 37 ΠΏΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² (28 ΠΌΡƒΠΆΡ‡ΠΈΠ½, 9 ΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ‰ΠΈΠ½; срСдний возраст 49,62,3 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π°) составили ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²ΡƒΡŽ Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΡƒ Π²ΠΌΠ΅ΡˆΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΡ‚Π²Π°cкурсом клиничСского примСнСния дСксмСдСтомидинаи46 ΠΏΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² (23 ΠΌΡƒΠΆΡ‡ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹, 23 ΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ‰ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹; срСдний возраст 512,5 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π°) Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΡƒΡŽ (ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΡƒΡŽ) группубСзфармакологичСской ΠΊΠΎΡ€Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ дСксмСдСтомидином. ΠšΡ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΈ Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ½Π³ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΡƒΠ·ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Π° дСксмСдСтомидина (Ρ„ΠΈΡ€ΠΌΠ°OrionPharma, Ѐинляндия) основанынапоказатСлях Π²Π°Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π±Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΌΠ° сСрдца (Π’Π Π‘), характСрныхдлясимпатичСской гипСррСактивности; Ρ‚Π°Ρ€Π³Π΅Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‡Π΅ΠΉ титрования Π΄ΠΎΠ·Ρ‹ дСксмСдСтомидина слуТили ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€Ρ‹ достиТСния Π½ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΡ‹ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ Π’Π Π‘; появлСниС парасимпатичСской гипСрактивности слуТило основаниСм ΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡŒΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π΄ΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ прСпаратаилипрСкращСния Π΅Π³ΠΎ примСнСния (использовались 5-ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΡƒΡ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ записи ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Π΄ΠΈΠΎΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π²Π°Π»ΠΎΠ² (ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΡ€ ΠŸΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Ρ€-8 Π•Π₯ Ρ„ΠΈΡ€ΠΌΡ‹ НСйрософт, Россия)). РСгистрировали ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΠΈ Π’Π Π‘: SI стрСсс-индСкс БаСвского (индСкс напряТСния рСгуляторных систСм индСкс напряТСния)Π²Π½ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ†Π°Ρ… (Π½.Π΅.); SDNN срСднСквадратичноС ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ RR-кардиоинтСрваловвмс; rMSSD срСднСквадратичноС ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ разности Π΄Π²ΡƒΡ… смСТных отсчСтов RR-кардиоинтСрваловвмс; pNN50% доля RR-ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Π΄ΠΈΠΎΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π²Π°Π»ΠΎΠ²Π²ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ…, ΠΎΡ‚Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ…ΡΡΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Ρ‹Π΄ΡƒΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌΠ½Π°50 мс;TP общая ΠΌΠΎΡ‰Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ спСктра частотвмсСк2. ΠŸΠ°Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€Ρ‹ Π’Π Π‘ рСгистрировалидоинфузии дСксмСтомидина исходно,Π½Π°13-ΠΈ, 45-Π΅, 910-Π΅, 1520-Π΅ сут примСнСния лСкарствСнного ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Π°.Π Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹.Бтартовая Π΄ΠΎΠ·Π° дСксмСдСтомидинапри симпатичСской гипСрактивности составилаупациСнтовот0,12Π΄ΠΎ0,24 ΠΌΠΊΠ³/ΠΊΠ³/Ρ‡ (срСдняя Π΄ΠΎΠ·Π° 0,160,01; суммарно 200 ΠΌΠΊΠ³/сут).ΠŸΠΎΡ†ΠΈΡ„Ρ€ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΠΌ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ Π’Π Π‘ эффСктивная Π΄ΠΎΠ·Π° дСксмСдСтомидина Π­Π”50составила 0,260,03 ΠΌΠΊΠ³/ΠΊΠ³/Ρ‡ (суммарнозасутки 353,835,1 ΠΌΠΊΠ³)ΠΈΠ±Ρ‹Π»Π° достигнутана910- ΠΉ дСнь примСнСния дСксмСдСтомидина.Π—Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅.ΠšΠΎΡ€Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΡ симпатичСской гипСрактивностиприпримСнСнии дСксмСдСтомидина Π²Ρ‹Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ уровня сознания, сниТаСт частоту возникновСния сСптичСского шока, дистрСсс синдрома Π»Π΅Π³ΠΊΠΈΡ…, Π»Π΅Ρ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ

    A randomized controlled study of the effectiveness of electrophysiological monitoring of dexmedetomidine in patients with brain damage of various origins [Π Π°Π½Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ΅ исслСдованиС эффСктивности элСктрофизиологичСского ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ½Π³Π° дСксмСдСтомидина Ρƒ ΠΏΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² с ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π³ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ·Π³Π° Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π³Π΅Π½Π΅Π·Π°]

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    Background. At the same time, the main effect of the use of this drug is the elimination of the autonomic nervous system dysfunction and sympatholysis. It seems important to search for a method of indications and selection of a dose of dexmedetomidine in intensive care. Aims - to improve the clinical effectiveness of the electrophysiological navigation of the prolonged use of dexmedetomidine in patients with brain pathology of various origins. Methods. The study included 83 patients 20-50 days after the traumatic brain injury, anoxic damage; consequences of acute disorders of cerebral. 37 patients comprised the 1st intervention group with a clinical course of dexmedetomidine (male - 28; female - 9; average age 49.6 Β± 2.3 years) and 46 patients comprised the 2nd control group without pharmacological correction with dexmedetomidine (male - 23; female - 23, average age 51 Β± 2.5 years). Criteria for the inclusion of prolonged infusion of the drug dexmedetomidine (Orion Pharma, Finland) are based on heart rate variability (HRV) indicators characteristic of sympathetic hyperactivity, the target task of titration of doses of dexmedetomidine served as the parameters for achieving normal HRV indicators, the appearance of parasympathetic hyperactivity served as the basis for reducing the dosage of the drug or stopping it of application. HRV parameters were recorded before dexmetomedine infusion-initially, on 1-3; 4-5; 9-10; 15-20 days of drug administration. Results. The starting dose of dexmedetomidine with sympathetic hyperactivity in patients was 0.12 to 0.24 ΞΌg.kg-1.hr-1 (average dose 0.16 Β± 0.01; total 200 mg/day). According to digital data from HRV, the effective dose of dexmedetomidine ED50 was 0.26 Β± 0.03 ΞΌg.kg-1.hr-1 (total daily 353.8 Β± 35.1 ΞΌg) and was achieved on day 9-10 using dexmedetomidine. Conclusions. The protective role of dexmedetomidine with correction of sympathetic hyperactivity based on electrophysiological navigation according to the HRV is reliable in the following indicators: The improvement of consciousness; a significant decrease in the incidence of distress lung syndrome; septic shock; mortality. Β© 2020 Izdatel'stvo Meditsina. All rights reserved

    Pulsar Striped Winds

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    According to magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) models, the rotational energy of a rapidly spinning neutron star is carried away by a relativistic wind and deposited at a large distance, in the nebula, downstream of the wind termination shock. The energy transport in the outflow is mediated by Poynting flux, but it is not clear how the energy stored in the fields is transferred into the energized population of emitting particles. The most plausible dissipation mechanisms are thought to be related to the "striped" structure of the wind, in particular, to the existence of a current sheet, prone to reconnection events. In this model the current sheet is a natural place for internal dissipation and acceleration of particles responsible for pulsed, high-energy emission. Moreover, reconnection is a promising scenario for explaining annihilation of fields at the shock and conversion of their energy into the kinetic energy of particles. The shock structure, however, is likely to differ in the low-density plasmas, in which non-MHD effects intervene. In this regime, the striped wind can dissipate its energy via an electromagnetic precursor of the shock.Comment: invited review at the Workshop on Modelling Nebulae, June 14-17, 2016, Sant Cugat, Spain; submitted book chapte

    Dendritic protein synthesis in the normal and diseased brain

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    Pulsars: their origin and evolution

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    Final Stages of Stellar Evolution

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