Non-exciting wakefield structured bunches in a one-dimensional plasma model

A model of one-dimensional (1D) cold plasma with an external train of rigidly structured bunches with diverse charges has been introduced. In this model, a solution that cancels the wakefield after the train is found. The density of such bunches can be much greater than the density of the plasma, and a high amplitude electrical field arising inside the train can be used for charged-particle acceleration. In addition, analytical and numerical simulations have been performed

Superluminal synchrotron radiation

To avoid complex computations based on wide Fourier expansions, the electromagnetic field of synchrotron radiation (SR) was analyzed using Lienard-Wiechert potentials in this work. The retardation equation was solved for ultrarelativistic movement of rotating charge at distances up to the trajectory radius. The radiation field was determined to be constricted into a narrow extended region with transverse sizes approximately the radius of trajectory divided by the particle Lorentz factor (characteristic SR length) cubed in the plane of trajectory and the distance between the observation and radiation emission point divided by the Lorentz factor in the vertical direction. The Lienard-Wiechert field of rotating charge was visualized using a parametric form to derive electric force lines rather than solving a retardation equation. The electromagnetic field of a charging point rotating at superluminal speeds was also investigated. This field, dubbed a superluminal synchrotron radiation (SSR) field by analogy with the case of a circulating relativistic charge, was also presented using a system of electric force lines. It is shown that SSR can arise in accelerators from “spot” of SR runs faster than light by outer wall of circular accelerator vacuum chamber. Furthermore, the mentioned characteristic lengths of SR in orbit plane and in vertical direction are less than the interparticle distances in real bunches in ultrarelativistic accelerators. It is indicating that this phenomenon should be taken into account when calculating bunch fields and involved at least into the beam dynamic consideration

Observation of Lambda H-4 hyperhydrogen by decay-pion spectroscopy in electron scattering

At the Mainz Microtron MAMI, the first high-resolution pion spectroscopy from decays of strange systems was performed by electron scattering off a Be-9 target in order to study the ground-state masses of Lambda-hypernuclei. Positively charged kaons were detected by a short-orbit spectrometer with a broad momentum acceptance at zero degree forward angles with respect to the beam, efficiently tagging the production of strangeness in the target nucleus. In coincidence, negatively charged decay-pions were detected by two independent high-resolution spectrometers. About 10^3 pionic weak decays of hyperfragments and hyperons were observed. The pion momentum distribution shows a monochromatic peak at p_pi ~ 133 MeV/c, corresponding to the unique signature for the two-body decay of hyperhydrogen Lambda H-4 -> He-4 + pi-, stopped inside the target. Its binding energy was determined to be B_Lambda = 2.12 +- 0.01 (stat.) +- 0.09 (syst.) MeV with respect to the H-3 + Lambda mass

Genomic ancestry, diet and microbiomes of Upper Palaeolithic hunter-gatherers from San Teodoro cave

A combined ancient genomic, metagenomic, and paleoproteomic analysis reveals lifestyle and dietary information of Upper Palaeolithic huntergatherers from San Teodoro cave in Sicily, Italy.Recent improvements in the analysis of ancient biomolecules from human remains and associated dental calculus have provided new insights into the prehistoric diet and genetic diversity of our species. Here we present a multi-omics study, integrating metagenomic and proteomic analyses of dental calculus, and human ancient DNA analysis of the petrous bones of two post-Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) individuals from San Teodoro cave (Italy), to reconstruct their lifestyle and the post-LGM resettlement of Europe. Our analyses show genetic homogeneity in Sicily during the Palaeolithic, representing a hitherto unknown Italian genetic lineage within the previously identified Villabruna cluster. We argue that this lineage took refuge in Italy during the LGM, followed by a subsequent spread to central-western Europe. Analysis of dental calculus showed a diet rich in animal proteins which is also reflected on the oral microbiome composition. Our results demonstrate the power of this approach in the study of prehistoric humans and will enable future research to reach a more holistic understanding of the population dynamics and ecology

Состояние микрофлоры полости рта у пациентов с системной склеродермией

Systemic sclerosis (SSc) can lead to pathological changes in the maxillofacial region, contributing to the violation of the microbiocenosis of the oral cavity with a predominance of pathogenic microflora.Objective: to study the composition of the oral microflora in patients with SSc. Patients and methods. The composition of the oral microflora was studied in 50 patients with SSc. The control group consisted of 50 subjects without rheumatic diseases. To assess the intensity of dental caries and the level of oral hygiene we used dental indices: the index of caries intensity (Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth (DMFT) and the hygienic index (OHI-S).Results and discussion. Microbiological examination in patients with SSc revealed pathogenic Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans > 10-6 CFU in equal percentage of cases (18.9%), which was significantly more frequent than in the control group (p=0.049). In the oral cavity in SSc, there were no representatives of normal microflora (lactobacilli). In patients with SSc, the DMFT index was 17.8±7.1 on average, and OHI-S – 2.3±0.7, which corresponds to a very high level of caries intensity and low indicators of oral hygiene, respectively. When analyzing the microflora of the oral cavity in 90% of cases, a dysbiotic shift of the 3rd degree was stated.Conclusion. It can hypothesized that the qualitative and quantitative composition of the microflora of the oral cavity affects the development and severity of inflammatory and destructive pathology of the periodontal and oral mucosa. It is necessary to develop and implement an adapted personal hygiene regimen, including cleansing of the tongue and administration of local probiotics, which, as part of complex therapy, can improve the results of SSc treatment.Системная склеродермия (ССД) может приводить к патологическим изменениям в челюстно-лицевой области, способствующим нарушению микробиоценоза полости рта с преобладанием патогенной микрофлоры.Цель исследования – изучение состава микрофлоры полости рта у больных ССД.Пациенты и методы. Состав микрофлоры полости рта исследован у 50 больных ССД. Контрольную группу составили 50 лиц без ревматических заболеваний. Для оценки интенсивности кариеса и уровня гигиены полости рта определяли стоматологические индексы: индекс интенсивности кариеса (КПУ) и гигиенический индекс (OHI-S).Результаты и обсуждение. При микробиологическом исследовании у больных CCД в одинаковом числе случаев (18,9%) обнаружены патогенный Staphylococcus aureus и Candida albicans >10⋅6 КОЕ, что было значимо чаще, чем в контрольной группе (р=0,049). В полости рта при ССД отсутствовали представители нормальной микрофлоры (лактобактерии). У пациентов с ССД индекс КПУ в среднем составлял 17,8±7,1, а OHI-S – 2,3±0,7, что соответствуют очень высокому уровню интенсивности кариеса и низким показателям гигиены полости рта соответственно. При анализе микрофлоры полости рта в 90% случаев констатирован дисбиотический сдвиг 3-й степени.Заключение. Можно полагать, что качественный и количественный состав микрофлоры полости рта влияет на развитие и выраженность воспалительно-деструктивной патологии пародонта и слизистой оболочки ротовой полости. Необходимы разработка и внедрение адаптированной схемы индивидуальной гигиены, включающей чистку языка и использование местных пробиотиков, что в составе комплексной терапии может улучшить результаты лечения ССД

ОПЫТ УЛЬТРАЗВУКОВОГО ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ С КОНТРАСТНЫМ УСИЛЕНИЕМ ПРИ ДИАГНОСТИКЕ РАКА ШЕЙКИ МАТКИ

The purpose of the study was to evaluate the value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound in detecting local spread, regional and distant metastases from cervical cancer. Materials and methods. The findings of contrast-enhanced ultrasound examination of 4 cervical cancer patients (IB1–IVB) treated at N.N. Blokhin Russian Cancer Research Center from September to October 2016 were evaluated. The HI VISION Ascendus device was used. Ultrasound patterns in different phases of contrast-enhanced accumulation and excretion were analyzed. Results. Our first experience in using contrast-enhanced ultrasound in the detection of local spread, regional and distant metastases from cervical cancer allowed us to study the structure of the tumor and its spread in greater detail. Conclusion. A small number of observations do not yet allow us to draw serious conclusions about the capabilities of this modern technology. Цель исследования. Оценить возможности контрастно-усиленного ультразвукового исследования (КУУЗИ) в диагностике местного распространения, регионарных и отдаленных метастазов рака шейки матки (РШМ). Материал и методы. Проанализированы результаты КУУЗИ четырех пациенток с диагнозом РШМ IB1–IVB стадий, находившихся на обследовании и стационарном лечении в РОНЦ им Н.Н.Блохина в период с сентября по октябрь 2016 года. Ультразвуковое исследование проводили на аппарате «Hitachi Hi Vision Ascendus», рассмотрены особенности ультразвуковой картины в разные фазы накопления и выведения контрастного препарата Соновью. Результаты. Первый опыт использования контрастного усиления (КУ) при ультразвуковом исследовании (УЗИ) в диагностике местного распространения, регионарных и отдаленных метастазов РШМ позволил более детально изучить структуру опухоли и характер ее распространения. Заключение. Небольшое количество наблюдений не позволяет пока сделать серьезных выводов о возможностях этой современной технологии.

Description of the Vitis vinifera L. phenotypic variability in eno-carpological traits by a Euro-Asiatic collaborative network among ampelographic collections

The grapevine intra-specific variability captured an increasing interest during the last decades, as demonstrated by the number of recently funded European projects focused on the grapevine biodiversity preservation. However, nowadays, crop plants are mainly characterized by genotyping methods. The present work summarizes the phenotype data collected among 20 ampelographic collections spread in 15 countries, covering mostly of the viticultural areas in the Euro-Asiatic range: from Portugal to Armenia and from Cyprus to Luxembourg. Together with agro-climatic characterization of the experimental site, in two years, about 2400 accessions were described, following a common experimental protocol mainly focused on the carpological and oenological traits, obtaining a general overview of the distribution of the considered phenotypic traits in the cultivated Vitis vinifera species. The most replicated cultivars were selected and, for the subset of these reference cultivars, their behavior in the different environmental conditions over sites and years was described by ANOVA methods

Description of the vitis vinifera L. Phenotypic variability in eno-carpological traits by a Euro-Asiatic collaborative network among ampelographic collections

The grapevine intra-specific variability captured an increasing interest during the last decades, as demonstrated by the number of recently funded European projects focused on the grapevine biodiversity preservation. However, nowadays, crop plants are mainly characterized by genotyping methods. The present work summarizes the phenotype data collected among 20 ampelographic collections spread over 15 countries, covering most of the viticultural areas in the Euro-Asiatic region: from Portugal to Armenia and from Cyprus to Luxembourg. Together with agro-climatic characterization of the experimental site, over two years about 2,400 accessions were described. A common experimental protocol mainly focused on the carpological and oe-nological traits was followed, obtaining a general overview of the distribution of the considered phenotypic traits in the cultivated Vitis vinifera species. The most replicated cultivars were selected and, for the subset of these reference cultivars, their behavior in the different environmental conditions over sites and years was described by ANOVA methods