Усиление слабых аналоговых сигналов в сильных шумах

A novel effective approach to weak continuous and digital signals processing in communication channels with high noise levels is proposed and investigated. The essence of proposed approach is illustrated by examples of various electronic devices. The conditions which allow obtaining the maximal gain in signal to noise ratio are found. This gain exceeds 50 dB for sensitive amplifier and approximately equals to 30 dB for detector of digital cosine video impulse. It is shown that the proposed approach ensures obtaining a lot more gain in signal to noise ratio compared to existing technical solutions. The considered advantages of the described devices allow employing the proposed approach to effective information processing in communication systems with low operating power.Статья посвящена решению проблемы обнаружения слабых аналоговых сигналов на фоне сильного шума с обеспечением гораздо большего выигрыша в отношении сигнал/шум в сравнении с уже существующими техническими решениями. В статье рассматривается устройство обработки сигналов, описывается сущность способа, условия достижения поставленной задачи получения максимального выигрыша в отношении сигнал/шум, превышающего 50 дБ, и преимущества рассмотренного устройства, которое является эффективным для систем обработки информации с малым уровнем мощности

Bounce Loop Quantum Cosmology Corrected Gauss-Bonnet Gravity

We develop a Gauss-Bonnet extension of Loop Quantum Cosmology, by introducing holonomy corrections in modified $F(\mathcal{G})$ theories of gravity. Within the context of our formalism, we provide a perturbative expansion in the critical density, a parameter characteristic of Loop Quantum Gravity theories, and we result in having leading order corrections to the classical $F(\mathcal{G})$ theories of gravity. After extensively discussing the formalism, we present a reconstruction method that makes possible to find the Loop Quantum Cosmology corrected $F(\mathcal{G})$ theory that can realize various cosmological scenarios. Specifically, we studied exponential and power-law bouncing cosmologies, emphasizing on the behavior near the bouncing point and in some cases, the behavior for all the values of the cosmic time is obtained. We exemplify our theoretical constructions by using bouncing cosmologies, and we investigate which Loop Quantum Cosmology corrected Gauss-Bonnet modified gravities can successfully realize such cosmologies.Comment: Revised version, to appear in PR

Загальні засади протидії корупції в країнах Вишеградської четвірки: досвід Угорщини

Corruption in Hungary poses a significant risk to business, especially in the tax administration and public procurement sectors, which suffer from its high level. The public procurement process and the tendering process are insufficiently protected from irregularities at the local level due to strong informal relations between business and representatives of government at the local level. Public opinion polls on general and specific corruption issues show that a third of Hungarians consider corruption and abuse of power to be widespread in Hungary’s public administration system. The purpose of this article is to clarify the origins of the formation and to study general experience in implementing activities aimed at preventing and combating corruption in one of the countries of V4 Visegrad Group – Hungary, a neighbor of Ukraine, post-socialist country and member of the European Union since 2004, as well as to analyze its results and the possibility of implementing certain provisions into national legal system. The author has clarified the place of Hungary and Ukraine in the world rankings as the result of the study, in particular in the Corruption Perceptions Index. The author has studied the data of sociological research conducted in Hungary to identify the most corrupt areas of public life, to determine the attitude of the population to the level of corruption and willingness to participate in its reduction, as well as to summarize the factors that led to such results. The activities of certain Hungarian state organizations that directly or indirectly prevent and combat corruption, including the Ombudsman, the State Audit Office and the National Defense Service of Hungary, have been considered. The legal basis for the implementation of anti-corruption policy from international acts to the National Program for the Prevention of Corruption in Public Administration has been determined. The author has made an attempt to summarize the reasons for the decrease in the level of effectiveness of the implementation of the anti-corruption strategy and recommendations aimed at improving its effectiveness.Исследованы истоки и общие принципы противодействия такому негативному социальному явлению, как коррупция. Выяснено место Венгрии и Украины в мировом рейтинге восприятия коррупции. Рассмотрены основные организации, деятельность которых направлена на предотвращение и противодействие коррупции, среди которых основным является Национальная служба защиты. Кроме того, рассмотрены основные международные регулятивные акты антикоррупционной направленности, действующие на территории Венгрии.Досліджено витоки та загальні засади протидії такому негативному соціальному явищу, як корупція. З’ясовано місце Угорщини та України в світовому рейтингу сприйняття корупції. Розглянуто основні організації, діяльність яких спрямовано на запобігання та протидію корупції, серед яких основною є Національна служба захисту. Крім того, вивчено основні міжнародні регулятивні акти антикорупційної спрямованості, що діють на території Угорщини

The tourist and recreational cluster of Rostov Region : socio-economic substantiation and development prospects

Purpose: The aims to study the issues of the formation and prospects in Rostov Region of a potential "catalyst" for the development of the socio-economic system of the region – tourist and recreational cluster. Design/Methodology/Approach: The study applied a cluster approach to the development of territories. Such an approach is the study of the tourist region as an interconnected system of tourist resources, tourist infrastructure, tourist services with an effective system of regional tourism management, the optimal phase of which is a tourist cluster. Findings: This article includes the study of areas of Rostov Region from the standpoint of the cluster approach, tourist and recreational zoning of Rostov Region, the identification of areas that are promising for the formation of tourist and recreational clusters and socio-economic substantiation for the functioning of clusters. Practical Implications: The results of the study can be used in the formation and implementation of regional programs for the development of tourism, economy and social sphere. Originality/Value: The main contribution of this article is the application of the cluster approach to the investigation of socio-economic development of Rostov Region, as well as zoning the tourist and recreational clusters.peer-reviewe

Преимущества корпоративной модели государственного сектора экономики России

At present, the share of the public sector in the Russian economy plays a significant role. The state sector is actively used as a means of regulation to achieve many state social and economic goals, including provision of the stable development of important strategic sectors. The article reveals the features of the formation and development of the corporate model of the public sector of the Russian economy, related, including the creation and functioning of the institution of state corporations. Special features of the formation of the corporate model of the public sector of the Russian economy are identified, by defining its features, principles, advantages and disadvantages of use, including the achievement of the integration effect in the process of interaction of its economic entities. The results could be used in the activities of state structures in the implementation of state policy for the development of the public sector, solving problems of accounting for its boundaries and scales, and in developing and improving strategies for the development of state corporations, and improving the efficiency of their activities.В настоящее время доля государственного сектора в экономике России играет весомую роль. Государственный сектор активно используется как средство регулирования для достижения многих государственных социально-экономических целей, в том числе для обеспечения стабильного развития стратегических. В статье раскрываются особенности становления и развития корпоративной модели государственного сектора российской экономики, связанных в том числе с созданием и функционированием института государственных корпораций. Выделены особенности формирования корпоративной модели государственного сектора российской экономики посредством определения ее признаков, принципов, преимуществ и недостатков использования, заключающихся в том числе в достижении интеграционного эффекта в процессе взаимодействия ее хозяйствующих субъектов. Полученные результаты могут быть использованы в деятельности государственных структур управления при осуществлении государственной политики по развитию государственного сектора, решении проблем учета его границ и масштабов, а также при разработке и совершенствовании стратегий развития государственных корпораций, повышении эффективности их деятельности

Advantages of the corporate model of the state sector of the economy of Russia

At present, the share of the public sector in the Russian economy plays a significant role. The state sector is actively used as a means of regulation to achieve many state social and economic goals, including provision of the stable development of important strategic sectors. The article reveals the features of the formation and development of the corporate model of the public sector of the Russian economy, related, including the creation and functioning of the institution of state corporations. Special features of the formation of the corporate model of the public sector of the Russian economy are identified, by defining its features, principles, advantages and disadvantages of use, including the achievement of the integration effect in the process of interaction of its economic entities. The results could be used in the activities of state structures in the implementation of state policy for the development of the public sector, solving problems of accounting for its boundaries and scales, and in developing and improving strategies for the development of state corporations, and improving the efficiency of their activities

Features of high-strength composite material structure creation

The basis of technology proposed is use of a sol-gel method for preventing polycrystalline corundum fiber from crystallization during heating to high temperature and for low-temperature synthesis of prescribed phases in a corundum matrix with the aim of improving the operating properties of composite materials based on corundum. As a result of firing a charge based on corundum powder modified with tetraethoxysilane and polycrystalline corundum fiber modified with ethylsilicate-32 at 1360°C materials are created with very good strength properties. The materials exhibit electrical insulation properties and are stable in ionized gas streams at the level of known analogs as a result of creating self-reinforced mullite and β-SiC corundum matrix, reinforced with polycrystalline fiber and rapidly sintered due to presence of silicon oxynitride

Development and implementation of special seminar “Innovative pedagogical technologies”

Taking into account modern requirements to teacher’s personality in primary education, his knowledge of innovative pedagogical technologies’ essence as well as knowledge of methodology,  relevance of the search for ways to improve the content and forms of future primary school teachers’ training has been revealed. One of the solutions to this problem can be introduction of a special seminar aimed at improving the level of innovative and technological competence of future teachers in primary education into the system of vocational training. The purpose of this article is to substantiate the conceptual and methodological significance of a special seminar "Innovative pedagogical technologies" as well as to describe process of diagnosing effectiveness of the developed special seminar. The aim of the research is achieved through the application of such theoretical and empirical methods of scientific knowledge as method of pedagogical diagnostics, methodical system modeling, method of pedagogical forecasting, analysis of results, synthesis of the results of experimental research. Based on the use of these methods, the main theoretical aspects of a special seminar development are presented, the components of its content and structure are reflected and the stages of testing effectiveness of the developed special seminar are described. The scientific novelty of the research is justified by the development of the conceptual foundations and content of the special seminar "Innovative pedagogical technologies", intended for use in the training of future primary school teachers, indicating methodological aspects of its implementation, as well as the development of a diagnostic system to test its effectiveness in the educational process of the University

Transcriptional activity of mitochondrial genes in intraspecific and interspecific sunflower hybrids

Relevance. The genetic structure of plant cells implies the coordinated work of three genomes: nuclear, plastid, and mitochondrial. Hybridization between genetically heterogeneous parents can lead to changes in the established nuclear-cytoplasmic balance, which in turn can affect the level and consistency of their gene expression. Changes in the transcriptional activity of organelle genes (in particular, mitochondria) during distant (interspecific) hybridization remain poorly understood. Results. The present study employed the qPCR technique to evaluate the transcriptional activity level of the mitochondrial genes atp1, atp4, atp6, atp9, nad3, nad6, cox1, and cox3 in intra- and interspecific sunflower hybrids and their parental forms from the VIR collection. According to the analyzed transcriptional activity of mitochondrial genes, they can be divided into three groups: genes with a relatively high level of expression – atp1, atp6, and nad6, those with a medium level of expression – atp4, cox1, cox3, and genes with a low level of expression – atp9 and nad3. Comparative analysis showed no significant difference (P<0.05) between maternal lines and hybrids. However, the expression of the nad6 gene in the case of Helianthus argophyllus (Torr. & A. Gray) was 2.6 times higher than in the cultivated sunflower lines. Conclusion. The absence of substantial changes in the expression of mitochondrial genes both in intra- and interspecific hybrids indicates the lack of significant changes in the regulation of nuclear-cytoplasmic interactions in these hybrids

Фільтрація слабких сигналів в білому гаусівському шумі

Introduction. The level of desired signals, in some cases, is comparable to the level of in-trinsic noise source in radio and electronic systems. It creates substantial difficulties in the processing of these signals. The problem of the weak signals detecting from the additive mix-ture of signal and noise is characteristic for digital communication. Object of the work. The article is devoted to solving the problem of detecting the weak analog and digital signals on a background of strong noise providing much larger gain in the signal / noise ratio compared to the existing technical solutions. The essence of the new signal processing method is described in this article. The condition for achieving the task is obtain-ing the maximum gain in the signal / noise ratio greater than 50 dB for sensitive amplifier. The advantages of the product, effective for information processing with low power, are de-scribed. Conclusions. The dignity of the considered method and devices is a significant weakening of the noise amplifiers and noise input signal (in receiver antenna). It creates conditions for the development of devices and systems with new functionality. Sensitive amplifier can be used for postdetector processing the mixture of signal and noise in digital communication sys-tems, radar, sonar and underwater acoustic communication.Статья посвящена решению проблемы обработки слабых сигналов в белом гауссовом шуме с обеспечением гораздо большего выигрыша в отношении сигнал/шум по сравнению с уже существующими техническими решениями. Описывается сущность нового способа обработки, рассматривается чувствительный усилитель, обеспечивающий выигрыш в отношении сигнал/шум, превышающий 50 дБ. Раскрываются преимущества нового способа обработки и приводятся области его использования в современных радиотехнических системах различного назначения.Стаття присвячена вирішенню проблеми обробки слабких сигналів в білому гаусівському шумі із забезпеченням набагато більшого виграшу у відношенні сигнал/шум у порівнянні з вже існуючими технічними рішеннями. Описується сутність нового способу обробки, розглядається чутливий підсилювач, що забезпечує виграш у відношенні сигнал/шум, що перевищує 50 дБ. Розкриваються переваги нового способу обробки і наводяться області його використання в сучасних радіотехнічних системах різного призначення