180 research outputs found
Molecular systematics of the marine Dothideomycetes
Phylogenetic analyses of four nuclear genes, namely the large and small subunits of the nuclear ribosomal RNA, transcription elongation factor 1-alpha and the second largest RNA polymerase II subunit, established that the ecological group of marine bitunicate ascomycetes has representatives in the orders Capnodiales, Hysteriales, Jahnulales, Mytilinidiales, Patellariales and Pleosporales. Most of the fungi sequenced were intertidal mangrove taxa and belong to members of 12 families in the Pleosporales: Aigialaceae, Didymellaceae, Leptosphaeriaceae, Lenthitheciaceae, Lophiostomataceae, Massarinaceae, Montagnulaceae, Morosphaeriaceae, Phaeosphaeriaceae, Pleosporaceae, Testudinaceae and Trematosphaeriaceae. Two new families are described: Aigialaceae and Morosphaeriaceae, and three new genera proposed: Halomassarina, Morosphaeria and Rimora. Few marine species are reported from the Dothideomycetidae (e.g. Mycosphaerellaceae, Capnodiales), a group poorly studied at the molecular level. New marine lineages include the Testudinaceae and Manglicola guatemalensis in the Jahnulales. Significantly, most marine Dothideomycetes are intertidal tropical species with only a few from temperate regions on salt marsh plants (Spartina species and Juncus roemerianus), and rarely totally submerged (e.g. Halotthia posidoniae and Pontoporeia biturbinata on the seagrasses Posidonia oceanica and Cymodocea nodosum). Specific attention is given to the adaptation of the Dothideomycetes to the marine milieu, new lineages of marine fungi and their host specificity
Democratization and foreign policy in Southeast Asia: the case of the ASEAN Inter-Parliamentary Myanmar Caucus
This is an Author's Accepted Manuscript of an article published in Cambridge Review of International Affairs Vol. 22, Iss. 3, 2009 as published in the CAMBRIDGE REVIEW OF INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS, 2009, copyright Taylor & Francis, available online at: http://www.tandfonline.com/10.1080/09557570903104008
A class-wide phylogenetic assessment of Dothideomycetes
We present a comprehensive phylogeny derived from 5 genes, nucSSU, nucLSU
rDNA, TEF1, RPB1 and RPB2, for 356 isolates and 41
families (six newly described in this volume) in Dothideomycetes. All
currently accepted orders in the class are represented for the first time in
addition to numerous previously unplaced lineages. Subclass
Pleosporomycetidae is expanded to include the aquatic order
Jahnulales. An ancestral reconstruction of basic nutritional modes
supports numerous transitions from saprobic life histories to plant associated
and lichenised modes and a transition from terrestrial to aquatic habitats are
confirmed. Finally, a genomic comparison of 6 dothideomycete genomes with
other fungi finds a high level of unique protein associated with the class,
supporting its delineation as a separate taxon
Vote buying or (political) business (cycles) as usual?
We study the short-run effect of elections on monetary aggregates in a sample of 85 low and middle income democracies (1975-2009). We find an increase in the growth rate of M1 during election months of about one tenth of a standard deviation. A similar effect can neither be detected in established OECD democracies nor in other months. The effect is larger in democracies with many poor and uneducated voters, and in Sub-Saharan Africa, Latin America, and in East-Asia and the Pacific. We argue that the election month monetary expansion is related to systemic vote buying which requires significant amounts of cash to be disbursed right before elections. The finely timed increase in M1 is consistent with this; is inconsistent with a monetary cycle aimed at creating an election time boom; and it cannot be, fully, accounted for by alternative explanations
Molecular systematics of the marine Dothideomycetes
Phylogenetic analyses of four nuclear genes, namely the large and small
subunits of the nuclear ribosomal RNA, transcription elongation factor 1-alpha
and the second largest RNA polymerase II subunit, established that the
ecological group of marine bitunicate ascomycetes has representatives in the
orders Capnodiales, Hysteriales, Jahnulales,
Mytilinidiales, Patellariales and Pleosporales.
Most of the fungi sequenced were intertidal mangrove taxa and belong to
members of 12 families in the Pleosporales: Aigialaceae,
Didymellaceae, Leptosphaeriaceae, Lenthitheciaceae,
Lophiostomataceae, Massarinaceae, Montagnulaceae,
Morosphaeriaceae, Phaeosphaeriaceae, Pleosporaceae,
Testudinaceae and Trematosphaeriaceae. Two new families are
described: Aigialaceae and Morosphaeriaceae, and three new
genera proposed: Halomassarina, Morosphaeria and
Rimora. Few marine species are reported from the
Dothideomycetidae (e.g. Mycosphaerellaceae,
Capnodiales), a group poorly studied at the molecular level. New
marine lineages include the Testudinaceae and Manglicola
guatemalensis in the Jahnulales. Significantly, most marine
Dothideomycetes are intertidal tropical species with only a few from
temperate regions on salt marsh plants (Spartina species and
Juncus roemerianus), and rarely totally submerged (e.g. Halotthia
posidoniae and Pontoporeia biturbinata on the seagrasses
Posidonia oceanica and Cymodocea nodosum). Specific
attention is given to the adaptation of the Dothideomycetes to the
marine milieu, new lineages of marine fungi and their host specificity
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