Evaluation of hand’s fingers flexor muscles endurance in climbers

Objetivo: evaluar la resistencia de los músculos flexores de los dedos de la mano en escaladores de elite y recreativos. Métodos: estudio descriptivo transversal. Veinte y un escaladores fueron asignados a dos grupos de rendimiento: recreativo y élite. Realizaron un ejercicio isométrico y otro de esfuerzo intermitente en una tabla de entrenamiento multiagarre. Se midieron el tiempo de trabajo total, número de ciclos completados y frecuencia cardíaca media en cada test. Resultados: los escaladores de élite mantuvieron el esfuerzo en suspensión 7.65 minutos más que los recreativos (p < .001) y realizaron 23,14 ensayos más (p < .001). La fiabilidad de las mediciones fue excelente. Conclusiones: la fuerza de agarre de los músculos flexores de los dedos en esfuerzo continuo e intermitente contribuye al rendimiento en escalada, con diferencias significativas entre los escaladores de élite y recreativos. El test específico creado para el estudio ha demostrado una adecuada validez discriminantePurpose: To evaluate hand’s fingers flexor muscles grip endurance during a specific climbing test, and to find out if there were differences between elite and recreational sport climbers. Methods: For this cross-sectional descriptive study, twenty-one male sport climbers were assigned to two different groups, recreational or elite. The participants performed two exercises on a multi-hold training board, one requiring sustained isometric exercise and the other requiring intermittent exertion. The variables studied were total work time, number of trials completed and mean heart rate per test. Results: Elite climbers endured suspension for an average of 7.64 minutes being this period longer than recreational climbers (p < .001); thus, elite group performed 23.14 more trials than recreational group (p < .001). Reliability in all evaluations was excellent. Conclusions: Hand’s fingers flexor muscles grip endurance in continuous and intermittent exercises are the muscles that have more influence in sport climbing performance. In this regard, we have found significant differences between elite and recreational climber

Contrapublicidad del tabaco: sesgos mnésicos en procesamiento de la información textual

Este trabajo tiene como objetivo analizar el procesamiento mnésico explícito de palabras relacionadas con el tabaco y con la salud utilizando una tarea de reconocimiento. A una muestra formada por fumadores, no fumadores y exfumadores se administró una tarea stroop modificada compuesta por tres tipos de palabras: neutras, palabras relacionadas con el consumo de tabaco y palabras relacionadas con la salud, extraídas de los mensajes de advertencia sanitaria que aparecen actualmente en la publicidad del tabaco. Posteriormente se aplicó la prueba de memoria explícita. Los resultados mostraron que los sujetos fumadores presentan un incremento en el rendimiento de la tarea de memoria, mostrando un acceso preferente a las palabras relacionadas con el tabaco y no hacia las relacionadas con la salud. Se discute la relevancia de este sesgo de memoria en el ámbito de la contrapublicidad y en el de las terapias de deshabituación del tabaco.The aim of this work is to analyze the explicit mnesic processing of words related to smoking and health using a recognition task. A modified stroop task consisting of three types of words: neutral, smoking related words and health related words extracted from health warnings messages presented in smoking publicity, was given to a sample integrated by smokers, non-smokers and former-smokers. The individuals performed then an explicit memory task. The results obtained indicated that smokers show an increase in the performance of the memory task, with a preferential access to smoking related words but not to health related words.The relevance of this memory bias in the context of smoking counterpublicity and of stop-smoking therapy is discussed.peerReviewe

Citation Flows in the Zones of Influence of Scientific

Domestic citation to papers from the same country and the greater citation impact of documents involving international collaboration are two phenomena that have been extensively studied and contrasted. Here, however, we showthat it is not somuch a national bias,but that papers have a greater impact on their immediate environments, an impact that is diluted as that environment grows. For this reason, the greatest biases are observed in countries with a limited production. Papers that involve international collaboration have a greater impact in general, on the one hand, because they have multiple “immediate environments,” and on the other because of their greater quality or prestige. In short, one can say that science knows no frontiers. Certainly there is a greater impact on the authors’ immediate environment, but this does not necessarily have to coincide with their national environments, which fade in importance as the collaborative environment expands

Bibliometrics Methods in Detecting Citations to Questionable Journals

In recent times, there has been a proliferation of questionable practices in research publishing, for example, via predatory journals, hijacked journals, plagiarism, tortured phrases and paper mills. This paper intends to analyse whether journals that had been removed from the Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ) in 2018 due to suspected misconduct were cited within journals indexed in the Scopus database. Our analysis showed that Scopus contained over 15 thousand references to the removed journals identified. The majority of the publications citing these journals came from the area of Engineering. It is important to note that although we cannot assume that all the journals removed followed unethical practices, it is still essential that researchers are aware of the issues around citing journals that have been suspected of misconduct. We suggest that research libraries play a crucial role in training, advising and providing information to researchers about these ethical issues of publication malpractice and misconduct

Measuring the concept of PID literacy : user perceptions and understanding of persistent identifiers in support of open scholarly infrastructure

The increasing centrality of persistent identifiers (PIDs) to scholarly ecosystems and the contribution they can make to the burgeoning 'PID graph' has the potential to transform scholarship. Despite their importance as originators of PID data, little is known about researchers' awareness and understanding of PIDs, or their efficacy in using them. In this article we report on the results of an online interactive test designed to elicit exploratory data about researcher awareness and understanding of PIDs. This instrument was designed to explore recognition of PIDs (e.g. DOIs, ORCIDs, etc.) and the extent to which researchers correctly apply PIDs within digital scholarly ecosystems, as well as measure researchers' perceptions of PIDs. Our results reveal irregular patterns of PID understanding and certainty across all participants, though statistically significant disciplinary and academic job role differences were observed in some instances. Uncertainty and confusion were found to exist in relation to dominant schemes such as ORCID and DOIs, even when contextualized within real-world examples. We also show researchers' perceptions of PIDs to be generally positive but that disciplinary differences can be noted, as well as higher levels of aversion to PIDs in specific use cases and negative perceptions where PIDs are measured on an 'activity' semantic dimension. This work therefore contributes to our understanding of scholars' 'PID literacy' and should inform those designing PID-centric scholarly infrastructures, that a significant need for training and outreach to active researchers remains necessary

Authority of assertion in repository contributions to the PID graph

The principles surrounding Linked Open Data (LOD) and their implementation within digital libraries are well understood. Such LOD implementations may remain challenging, but successes are now well documented and continue to demonstrate the benefits of disseminating and enriching existing metadata with improved semantics and relational associations [1]. Often facilitated in machine-readability enhancements to metadata by harnessing serializations of the Resource Description Framework (RDF) and its reliance of URIs, these LOD approaches have ensured digital libraries – and similar GLAMR initiatives elsewhere – contribute to the growing knowledge graphs associated with the wider semantic web by declaring statements of fact about web entities. Within open scholarly ecosystems a growing use of persistent identifiers (PIDs) to define and link scholarly entities has emerged, e.g. DOIs, ORCIDs, etc.. The requirement for greater URI persistence has been motivated by several developments within the scholarly space; suffice to state that, when combined with appropriate structured data, PIDs can support improvements to resource discovery, as well as facilitate contributions to the ‘PID graph’ – a scholarly data graph describing and declaring associative relations between scholarly entities [2]. While the increased adoption of PIDs has the potential to transform scholarship, ensuring that these PIDs are used appropriately, encoded correctly within metadata, and that all relevant relational associations between scholarly entities are declared presents challenges. This is especially true within open scholarly repositories, from where many contributions to the PID graph will be made but – unlike many LOD contexts – from where the authority to assert specific relations may not always exist. Such declarations need to demonstrate reliability and provenance and are central to the interlinking of heterogeneous textual objects, datasets, software, research instruments, equipment, and the related PIDs these items may generate, such as for people, organizations, or other abstract entities. This paper will explore the issues that arise when levels of authority to assert are lacking or are uncertain, and review results from a related study exploring the ‘PID literacy’ of scholars [3]. If the PID graph is to demonstrate reliable growth and adequate relational depth, it will be necessary for scholars to interact meaningfully with PID centric systems and to demonstrate a level of ‘PID literacy’ in their (re)use and creation of PIDs, thereby supporting wider repository metadata initiatives designed to improve research discovery and any relational declarations to the PID graph. In other words, the creation of repository metadata – and scholarly object metadata more generally – is increasingly participatory, requiring scholars to declare relational associations so that repository systems in turn enjoy authority to assert relations. Our work suggests that digital scholarship deficiencies among scholars, including a lack of PID literacy, has the potential to undermine these metadata initiatives, with poor levels of understanding among scholars of why PID referencing is necessary, even for ubiquitous types such as DOIs and ORCIDs [3]. Low levels of scholars’ PID literacy is part of wider concern surrounding scholars’ open research practices, particularly surrounding transparency and reproducibility [4]. We consider some of the disciplinary differences to be observed between scholars and explore possible solutions

Citation Flows in the Zones of Influence of Scientific

Domestic citation to papers from the same country and the greater citation impact of documents involving international collaboration are two phenomena that have been extensively studied and contrasted. Here, however, we showthat it is not somuch a national bias,but that papers have a greater impact on their immediate environments, an impact that is diluted as that environment grows. For this reason, the greatest biases are observed in countries with a limited production. Papers that involve international collaboration have a greater impact in general, on the one hand, because they have multiple “immediate environments,” and on the other because of their greater quality or prestige. In short, one can say that science knows no frontiers. Certainly there is a greater impact on the authors’ immediate environment, but this does not necessarily have to coincide with their national environments, which fade in importance as the collaborative environment expands

Cuban scientific production in Medicine and Public Health: Scopus 2003-2011

El objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar la evolución del volumen y la visibilidad de la producción científica cubana en Salud Pública y en Medicina para determinar si siguen los mismos patrones de comunicación, y recomendar buenas prácticas de publicación. Se aplicaron indicadores bibliométricos de volumen, visibilidad y colaboración extraídos del portal SCImago Institutions Rankings a partir de datos de Scopus, para el área temática Medicine y la categoría Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, período 2003-2011. Cuba tiene una posición relativamente alta en los rankings de volumen de producción científica tanto en Medicina como en Salud Pública en los contextos internacionales y regionales, mientras que en impacto está entre los últimos países. La tendencia de la producción es al crecimiento, aunque en Salud Pública es más acelerado. El liderazgo es alto, pero la colaboración internacional está por debajo de lo esperado. La publicación en revistas de alto impacto (primer cuartil) y los artículos en el 10% más citado (excelencia) son escasos. Se concluye que el volumen y el impacto de la publicación no están acorde al potencial científico de salud cubana. Se recomienda incrementar la colaboración científica, la publicación de artículos en revistas de alto impacto, la preparación de los recursos humanos y seguir las recomendaciones internacionales sobre las buenas prácticas de edición y publicación científica.The aim of this study was to analyze the evolution of the quantity and visibility of Cuban scientific production in Public Health and Medicine to determine if they follow the same patterns of scientific communication and the recommended best practices for publication. Bibliometric indicators of quantity, visibility and cooperation were extracted from the SCImago Institutions Rankings website, which is based on Scopus data, in the field of Medicine and category of Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health from 2003 to 2011.Cubahas a relatively high position in the rankings of scientific production in both Medicine and Public Health within the international and regional contexts, but its impact is ranked among the last countries. The production trend of both fields has increased, but public health is increasing faster. Leadership is high, but international collaboration is below expectations. Publication in high impact journals (first quartile) and articles in the set 10% most cited documents (excellence) are scarce. Thus, it may be concluded that the volume and impact of publication are not in accordance with the scientific potential of Cuban health. We recommend increasing scientific cooperation, publishing articles in high impact journals, training human resources and following the international recommendations for good editorial and scientific publication practices