19 research outputs found

    PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN INKUIRI TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR BERMAIN BOLABASKET DALAM PEMBELAJARAN PENDIDIKAN JASMANI PADA SISWA YANG MENGIKUTI EKSTRAKULIKULER BOLABASKET DI SMAN 1 BALEENDAH

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    Bolabasket dimainkan oleh dua tim yang masing-masing terdiri dari lima pemain. Tujuan dari masing tim adalah mencetak angka ke keranjang lawan dan berusaha mencegah tim lawan mencetak angka. Penggunaan model pembelajaran yang variatif dan sesuai sangat dibutuhkan. Masalah dalam penelitian ini sejauh mana pengaruh model pembelajaran inkuiri terhadap hasil belajar bermain bolabasket dalam pembelajaran pendidikan jasmani pada siswa yang mengikuti ekstrakulikuler bolabasket di SMAN 1 Baleendah. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode eksperimen dengan desain Pretest-Posttest Control Group Design. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa yang mengikuti ekstrakulikuler bolabasket di SMAN 1 Baleendah sebanyak 16 siswa. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan dibagi menjadi dua kelompok dengan diundi menggunakan koin 500 rupiah dengan ketentuan mendapatkan angka akan menjadi anggota kelompok model pembelajaran inkuiri dan jika mendapatkan gambar garuda, menjadi kelompok kontrol. Instrumen pengambilan data dengan tes hasil bermain bolabasket dari Nurhasan. Hasil pengolahan data dan pengujian hipotesis menunjukan peningkatan hasil pembelajaran pada siswa yang mengikuti kelompok model pembelajaran inkuiri untuk menggiring bola (dribble) diperoleh t hitung = 3,22 > 1,7, mengoper bola (passing) diperoleh t hitung 3,33 > 1,7, menembak (shooting) diperoleh t hitung sebesar 3,64 > 1,7 dengan taraf nyata (α) = 0,05. Sedangkan siswa dengan kelompok kontrol untuk menggiring bola (dribble) diperoleh t hitung = 1,29 < 1,7, mengoper bola (passing) diperoleh t hitung 1,49 < 1,7, menembak (shooting) diperoleh t hitung sebesar 1,52 < 1,7. Kesimpulannya model pembelajaran inkuiri memberikan pengaruh terhadap hasil belajar bolabasket dalam pembelajaran pendidikan jasmani pada siswa yang mengikuti ekstrakulikuler bolabasket di SMAN 1 Baleendah. Kata kunci : Model Pembelajaran Inkuiri, Hasil Belajar Bermain Bolabasket. Basketball is played by two teams wuthin five players on each team. The aim of this game is to set score to rival’s basket and defended the basket from team rival. The use of various and appropriate learning model is needed. The issue of this reasearch is to want extend the effect of inquiry learning model on basketball learning outcome of students who join basketball extracurricular in SMAN 1 Baleendah. The method used is this research was experimental design using Pre-test and Postt-test Control Grup Design. The sample was taken using coint 500 rupiah by dividing the group into two teams which condition number for Inquiry learning model group and bicture for control group. The research instrument was adapted from Nurhasan. According to the data analysi and hypotesis test, it is showed that the learning outcome of students who were in inquiry group increased in dribble with following assessment t = 3,22 > 1,7; passing t = 3,33 > 1,7; shooting t = 3,64 > 1,67 alpha = 0,05. Meanwhile, for control group the result is dribble t = 1,29 < 1,67; passing t = 1,49 < 1,7; shooting t = 1,52 < 1,7. The conclusion is inquiry learning model affect Basketball learning outcome of student who join extracurricular basketball in SMAN 1 Baleendah. Keywords: Inquiry Learning Model, Result of Learning Basketball

    Sugar Beet BeetMap-3, and Steps to Improve the Genome Assembly and Genome Sequence Annotation (W875)

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    Weisshaar B, Himmelbauer H, Schmidt T, et al. Sugar Beet BeetMap-3, and Steps to Improve the Genome Assembly and Genome Sequence Annotation (W875). Presented at the Plant and Animal Genome XXIV Conference, San Diego, USA

    The challenge of unprecedented floods and droughts in risk management

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    Risk management has reduced vulnerability to floods and droughts globally1,2, yet their impacts are still increasing3. An improved understanding of the causes of changing impacts is therefore needed, but has been hampered by a lack of empirical data4,5. On the basis of a global dataset of 45 pairs of events that occurred within the same area, we show that risk management generally reduces the impacts of floods and droughts but faces difficulties in reducing the impacts of unprecedented events of a magnitude not previously experienced. If the second event was much more hazardous than the first, its impact was almost always higher. This is because management was not designed to deal with such extreme events: for example, they exceeded the design levels of levees and reservoirs. In two success stories, the impact of the second, more hazardous, event was lower, as a result of improved risk management governance and high investment in integrated management. The observed difficulty of managing unprecedented events is alarming, given that more extreme hydrological events are projected owing to climate change3

    Panta Rhei benchmark dataset: socio-hydrological data of paired events of floods and droughts

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    As the adverse impacts of hydrological extremes increase in many regions of the world, a better understanding of the drivers of changes in risk and impacts is essential for effective flood and drought risk management and climate adaptation. However, there is currently a lack of comprehensive, empirical data about the processes, interactions and feedbacks in complex human-water systems leading to flood and drought impacts. Here we present a benchmark dataset containing socio-hydrological data of paired events, i.e., two floods or two droughts that occurred in the same area. The 45 paired events occurred in 42 different study areas and cover a wide range of socio-economic and hydro-climatic conditions. The dataset is unique in covering both floods and droughts, in the number of cases assessed, and in the quantity of socio-hydrological data. The benchmark dataset comprises: 1) detailed review style reports about the events and key processes between the two events of a pair; 2) the key data table containing variables that assess the indicators which characterise management shortcomings, hazard, exposure, vulnerability and impacts of all events; 3) a table of the indicators-of-change that indicate the differences between the first and second event of a pair. The advantages of the dataset are that it enables comparative analyses across all the paired events based on the indicators-of-change and allows for detailed context- and location-specific assessments based on the extensive data and reports of the individual study areas. The dataset can be used by the scientific community for exploratory data analyses e.g. focused on causal links between risk management, changes in hazard, exposure and vulnerability and flood or drought impacts. The data can also be used for the development, calibration and validation of socio-hydrological models. The dataset is available to the public through the GFZ Data Services (Kreibich et al. 2023, link for review: https://dataservices.gfz-potsdam.de/panmetaworks/review/923c14519deb04f83815ce108b48dd2581d57b90ce069bec9c948361028b8c85/).</p

    Readability of variable message traffic sign

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    This report describes a number of tests of the readability of variable message traffic signs that were carried out in a period from the spring of 2008 until the autumn of 2009. An even earlier test is not mentioned. A variable message traffic sign is called VMS in the following. The tests are described approximately in the sequence they were carried out. To some degree the sequence describes a "learning by doing" process in which later tests were based on earlier tests. All the tests involve presentation of a number of prearranged messages on a VMS, representing variation of some parameters supposedly related to the readability of the messages, to a group of test persons. In the early tests, the criterion for the readability was the reading distance of each of the messages for each of the test persons. In the later tests the criterion was rating of the readability at predetermined distances

    Nordiskt samarbetsprojekt inom NMF : synbarhet av VMS

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    In recent years, VMS (Variable Message Signs) have been used more frequently in Nordic countries. The VMS should fulfil the requirements given in the standard EN 12966-1, with respect to symbol luminance, luminance contrast, colour and beam width. This study has primarily investigated which symbol luminances are suitable from the road-user's point of view, i.e. luminances which make the sign conspicuous, but not as high as to involve glare and thereby impair legibility. In fact, the study includes three observation occasions, At the third occasion, comparative observations of two variable message signs with white symbols placed next to each other were made. The report mainly deals with this latter observation study. At the assessments, three observers (the authors) had to decide which symbol luminance they found "most suitable". This implied that the three observers compared the two signs, which always had different luminance, with respect to "suitable symbol luminance" and through a series of comparisons the preferred luminance was defined. This was done through observations at a distance of 46 metres from the signs during various light conditions, in daylight, dawn and darkness. The results show that to obtain the luminances that were considered "most suitable", the VMS had to belong to luminance class L3. If the correlation in the standard between luminance and illuminance would be based on this "suitability measure", this result would be true for all lighting conditions. However, there was a tendency that in darkness, it was also possible for a sign belonging to class L2 to fulfil the demand for symbol luminance. Daylight conditions became standardizing, though, and under these lighting conditions luminances in class L3 were preferred. A comparison of the results from the three observation occasions shows great concordance: A predominant amount of observations show that luminance class L3 is demanded for achieving "suitable" luminance. However, there are also indications that luminances belonging to class L2 could be accepted, but from the road-user's point of view, L3 is still preferred

    Disturbing lights at road works during night \u96 pilot tests 1 and 2. Roads with median barriers

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    In order to avoid disturbances in heavy traffic during daytime, road works are carried out to an increasing extent during off-peak hours at night. The demands on the design of the work zone traffic control differ, however, considerably between daylight and darkness in order to achieve visual conditions that are acceptable for the road users. In order for the driver to be able to pass in a safe way the design of the work zone traffic control should not be possible to misunderstand. One requirement is that the visual conditions are good. The latter means that the strength of the total glare from opposing traffic, warning lights, work vehicles and work zone illumination must be limited. During night time the pavements are often wet or damp, particularly during winter time, which increases the reflexion in the pavement. The reflexion can conceal the road markings, alter the colour of the signs and markings, contribute to the glare and increase the complexity of the visual information to the driver. The risk is that the driver then misunderstands/misjudges the information and drives into the work zone. Within NORDFOU it has been decided to carry out a large co-Nordic project to investigate how to best avoid problems with glare and provide a good visual guidance at work zones where work is carried out during night time. The objective of the whole project is to improve the safety both for the road users passing the work zone in the dark and for people working within the work zone, and in particular road works during night time on major roads. Previously, primarily during the year 2005 fore preliminary studies have been carried out within the project concerning yellow running lights, work zone illumination, methods for measuring glare as well as reflexion on various types of pavements. In this report two pilot studies are described, both dealing with stationary road works on "2+1"- roadways, which were carried out during spring and autumn 2006, respectively. The first pilot study was carried out on an airfield outside Copenhagen, Denmark, where a work zone was built up on a runway. Two types of work zone illumination and a number of different variants of running lights (brightness, frequency, sequence, etc.) were tested. All assessments were made by a panel of experts consisting of the members of the project team, who were standing on a fixed distance from the work zone. Pilot study 2 was carried out on a real 2+1 road outside Linköping, Sweden, where a stationary work zone was established on the single lane part of the road. The pilot study included driving tests where the test subjects (drivers) were people older than 50 years. In this way a more realistic situation was obtained where the assessments were done when the test subjects drove past the work zone. The test subjects had to answer a questionnaire, and the speed of their vehicles as well as the speed of the ordinary traffic passing the work zone was registered

    Road works during night. Recommendations for the visual environment

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    This NordFoU report presents the results from a joint Nordic project investigating how to provide a good visual environment at night time for road works. As a part of this it shows how glare can be reduced and its adverse effects to the motorists mitigated. The primary aim of the project was that it should result in recommendations as bases for the improvement and coordination of existing regulations in the Nordic countries by giving • Proposals regarding glare limitation • Proposals for the requirements for yellow warning/flashing lights • Proposals for the requirements on work zone illumination both with regard to the needs of the road workers and to avoid the glare of drivers • Recommendations regarding specular reflection on wet road surfaces The background for the project is that road-works very often mean a restriction of the space available for the road users and thereby also a reduction of the passability. The passage of road-works is a complicated situation for the driver and therefore poses high demands on the traffic controls used (signs, channelling devices, etc.). To avoid disturbances in dense traffic during daytime road works are to an increasing extent carried out during hours at night when traffic volumes are lower. The requirements on the traffic controls are however considerably different during daylight than during night to provide acceptable visual conditions for the road users. A considerable difficulty for the driver who is passing the work zone in the dark is to obtain a visual impression of sufficient quality despite glare from meeting traffic, yellow flashing lights, and work zone illumination. This is required to get a correct comprehension on which speed to hold and where to place the vehicle when passing the work zone
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