Antonio Carreño (Parada do Sil, Orense, 1938- )

Este artículo pasa revista a la carrera académica del maestro Antonio Carreño, fijándose en su evolución como hispanista y comentando los hitos de su influyente obra como experto en la literatura del Siglo de Oro español en general y de Lope de Vega en particular.-------------------- This article reviews the academic career of maestro Antonio Carreño, focusing on his evolution as an hispanist and commenting upon important milestones in his influential work as an expert in Golden Age Spanish literature in general, and particularly, of Lope de Vega

Adulterio y folletín en La Gaviota, de Fernán Caballero: análisis de una contradicción en el contexto de su campo literario

La crítica ha notado en La Gaviota (1849) de Cecilia Böhl de Faber (“Fernán Caballero”), un ostentoso desacuerdo entre la ideología conservadora de la voz narrativa, con continuas prédicas contra la temática pasional de la novela de la época, y el contenido adúltero de la obra. Las teorías sobre el “campo literario” del sociólogo francés Pierre Bourdieu muestran estas contradicciones como producto de la situación de la época. El campo literario del momento estaba dominado por la novela por entregas o folletín, de temática adúltera y apabullante éxito de mercado. Frente a este modelo, Fernán presenta el de su obra, que enfatiza el desinterés económico y su moralidad. Precisamente debido a la asociación temática escandalosa con el éxito de mercado, Fernán rechaza y adopta a un tiempo ese polémico contenido. Critics have perceived that Cecilia Böhl de Faber’s (“Fernán Caballero”) La Gaviota (1849), shows a rift between the narrator’s conservative ideology, which appears trough frequent moralizations against the passionate subject matter of the contemporary novel, and La Gaviota’s adulterous content. The French sociologist Pierre Bourdieu’s theories on the literary field show these contradictions as a product of literary context of the time. The literary field was dominated by the serial fiction or folletín, characterized by its adulterous plot and overwhelming market success. Opposing that model, Fernán presents her own novel, one that emphasizes plot to attract the readers. Precisely because of the association between scandalous subject matter and good sales, Fernán at once adopts and rejects that controversial content

Problemas de mediciones repetidas y de riesgo para desarrollar el razonamiento de estudiantes de secundaria en los temas de media y dispersión

En este artículo se proponen problemas para desarrollar el razonamiento de los estudiantes en los temas de media y dispersión de un conjunto de datos. Se destacan dos características de las tareas que pueden ser útiles tanto en su utilización como para elaborar otros problemas: a) comparación de grupos de datos, b) contexto (medición y riesgo). Se analizan los problemas indicando las dificultades y posibles respuestas de los estudiantes. La exposición de los problemas está precedida de un conjunto de ideas extraídas de la investigación que ayudan a esclarecer la intencionalidad, el significado y las características transferibles de los problemas propuestos

Origin of the biphase nature and surface roughness of biogenic calcite secreted by the giant barnacle Austromegabalanus psittacus

The calcite grains forming the wall plates of the giant barnacle Austramegabalanus psittacus have a distinctive surface roughness made of variously sized crystalline nanoprotrusions covered by extremely thin amorphous pellicles. This biphase (crystalline-amorphous) structure also penetrates through the crystal’s interiors, forming a web-like structure. Nanoprotrusions very frequently elongate following directions related to the crystallographic structure of calcite, in particular, the directions, which are the strongest periodic bond chains (PBCs) in calcite. We propose that the formation of elongated nanoprotrusions happens during the crystallization of calcite from a precursor amorphous calcium carbonate (ACC). This is because biomolecules integrated within the ACC are expelled from such PBCs due to the force of crystallization, with the consequent formation of uninterrupted crystalline nanorods. Expelled biomolecules accumulate in adjacent regions, thereby stabilizing small pellicle-like volumes of ACC. With growth, such pellicles become occluded within the crystal. In summary, the surface roughness of the biomineral surface reflects the complex shape of the crystallization front, and the biphase structure provides evidence for crystallization from an amorphous precursor. The surface roughness is generally explained as resulting from the attachment of ACC particles to the crystal surface, which later crystallised in concordance with the crystal lattice. If this was the case, the nanoprotrusions do not reflect the size and shape of any precursor particle. Accordingly, the particle attachment model for biomineral formation should seek new evidence.Instituto de Salud Carlos III Spanish Government CGL2017-85118-P CGL2015-64683-PUnidad Cientifica de Excelencia of the University of Granada UCE-PP2016-05Junta de Andalucía RNM363ANID-Chile FONDECYT 1140938 PCI ANID REDES 170106 PIA ANID ANILLOS ACT17203

A bibliometric study of the research area of videogames using Dimensions.ai database

Videogames are a very interesting area of research for fields as diverse as computer science, health, psychology or even social sciences. Every year a growing number of articles are published in different topics inside this field, so it is very convenient to study the different bibliometric data in order to consolidate the research efforts. Thus, the aim of this work is to conduct a study on the distribution of articles related to videogames in the different fields of research, as well as to measure their interest over time, to identify the sources, countries and authors with the highest scientific production. In order to carry out this analysis, the information system Dimensions.ai has been considered, since it covers a large number of documents and allows for easy downloading and analysis of datasets. According to the study, three countries are the most prolific in this area: USA, Canada and UK. The obtained results also indicate that the fields with the highest number of publications are Information and Computer Sciences, Medical and Health Sciences, and Psychology and Cognitive Sciences, in this order. With regard to the impact of the publications, differences between the number of citations, and the number of Altmetric Attention Score, have been found

Hydrogen-air mixing-layer ignition at temperatures below crossover

This paper addresses ignition histories of diffusion flames in unstrained hydrogen-air mixing layers for initial conditions of temperature and pressure that place the system below the crossover temperature associated with the second explosion limit of hydrogen–oxygen mixtures. It is seen that a two-step reduced chemical-kinetic mechanism involving as main species H₂, O₂, H₂O, and H₂O₂, derived previously from a detailed mechanism by assuming all radicals to follow a steady-state approximation, suffices to describe accurately the ignition process. The strong temperature sensitivity of the corresponding overall rates enables activation-energy asymptotics to be employed for the analysis, following the ideas developed for mixing-layer ignition by Liñán and Crespo in 1976 on the basis of one-step Arrhenius model chemistry. When the initial temperatures of both reactants differ by a relative amount that is of the order of or smaller than the ratio of this temperature to the effective activation temperature, the chemical reaction is seen to occur at a significant rate all across the mixing layer. The ignition time is then determined as a thermal runaway in a parabolic problem describing the evolution of the temperature increment and the H₂O₂ concentration, with local accumulation, chemical reaction, and transverse convection and diffusion, all being important. By way of contrast, when the air side is sufficiently hotter than the hydrogen side, as often occurs in applications, ignition occurs in a thin layer close to the air-side boundary, enabling a simplified description to be developed in which the ignition time is determined by analyzing the existence of solutions to a two-point boundary-value problem involving quasi-steady diffusion–reaction ordinary differential equations.This work was supported by the US AFOSR Grant # FA9550-12-1-0138, by the Comunidad de Madrid through Project # P2009/ENE-1597, and by the Spanish MCINN through Project #CSD2010-00011

Using Networks To Understand Medical Data: The Case of Class III Malocclusions

A system of elements that interact or regulate each other can be represented by a mathematical object called a network. While network analysis has been successfully applied to high-throughput biological systems, less has been done regarding their application in more applied fields of medicine; here we show an application based on standard medical diagnostic data. We apply network analysis to Class III malocclusion, one of the most difficult to understand and treat orofacial anomaly. We hypothesize that different interactions of the skeletal components can contribute to pathological disequilibrium; in order to test this hypothesis, we apply network analysis to 532 Class III young female patients. The topology of the Class III malocclusion obtained by network analysis shows a strong co-occurrence of abnormal skeletal features. The pattern of these occurrences influences the vertical and horizontal balance of disharmony in skeletal form and position. Patients with more unbalanced orthodontic phenotypes show preponderance of the pathological skeletal nodes and minor relevance of adaptive dentoalveolar equilibrating nodes. Furthermore, by applying Power Graphs analysis we identify some functional modules among orthodontic nodes. These modules correspond to groups of tightly inter-related features and presumably constitute the key regulators of plasticity and the sites of unbalance of the growing dentofacial Class III system. The data of the present study show that, in their most basic abstraction level, the orofacial characteristics can be represented as graphs using nodes to represent orthodontic characteristics, and edges to represent their various types of interactions. The applications of this mathematical model could improve the interpretation of the quantitative, patient-specific information, and help to better targeting therapy. Last but not least, the methodology we have applied in analyzing orthodontic features can be applied easily to other fields of the medical science.</p