1,271 research outputs found
A new source of the long version of the Castigos de Sancho IV:\ud el Libro de las donas
Los Castigos de Sancho IV fueron sometidos a un intenso proceso\ud
de ampliación que dio lugar a una nueva versión de la obra, que denomino\ud
extensa. En este trabajo se da noticia de una de las fuentes utilizadas para\ud
efectuar las adiciones, el Libro de las donas, traducción al castellano de\ud
la obra homónima escrita en catalán por Francesc Eiximenis. Ello permite\ud
retrasar la datación de la versión extensa de Castigos hasta el siglo xv. Pero\ud
esta obra ha servido como fuente también para algunos pasajes del manuscrito\ud
E de la versión breve (Z-III-4 del Escorial), lo que necesariamente hace que\ud
nos cuestionemos su tradición manuscrita y, lo que es más importante, si\ud
los fragmentos procedentes del Libro de las donas deben incluirse en una\ud
edición crítica de la versión breve de los Castigos de Sancho IV.The Castigos of Sancho IV were put under an intense process of\ud
extension that gave rise to a new version of the work, whicht I denominate\ud
long version. In this article I give notice of one of the sources used to\ud
carry out the additions, the Libro de las donas, Castilian translation of the\ud
homonymous work written in Catalan by Francesc Eiximenis. It allows to\ud
delay the dating of the long version of Castigos until century xv. But this\ud
work has served like source also for some passages of the manuscript E\ud
of the short version (Escorial, Z-III.4), what makes necessary to question\ud
about its manuscript tradition and, which is more important, if the fragments\ud
coming from Libro de las donas must be included in a critical edition of the\ud
short version of the Castigos de Sancho IV
Marta Haro Cortés, La iconografía del poder real: el códice miniado de los Castigos de Sancho IV, Alcalá de Henares, Universidad de Alcalá, 2014, 177 pp.
Impact of Spent Mushroom Substrates on the Fate of Pesticides in Soil, and Their Use for Preventing and/or Controlling Soil and Water Contamination: A Review
Intensive crop production involves a high consumption of pesticides. This is a cause of major environmental concern because the presence of pesticides in water is becoming increasingly common. Physicochemical methods based on soil modification with organic residues have been developed to enhance the immobilization and/or degradation of pesticides in agricultural soils, which may control both the diffuse and the point pollution of soils and waters. This review summarizes the influence of spent mushroom substrate (SMS) on the environmental fate of pesticides when both are simultaneously applied in agriculture. The processes of adsorption, leaching and dissipation of these compounds in SMS-amended soils were evaluated at laboratory and field scale. Relationships were established between the experimental parameters obtained and the properties of the soils, the SMS, and the pesticides in order to determine the effect that the application of SMS in agricultural soils has on the environmental impact of pesticides. Accordingly, this review highlights the use of SMS as a strategy for the prevention and/or control of soil and water contamination by pesticides to strike a balance between agricultural development and the use of these compounds.The authors are grateful to the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (Projects
AGL2007-61674/AGR and AGL2010-15976/AGR), and Regional Junta de Castilla y León (Project CSI03A09).
J.M.M.-B. thanks Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness for his “Juan de la Cierva-Incorporación” postdoctoral
contract (IJCI-2014-19538).
We acknowledge support by the CSIC Open Access Publication Initiative through its Unit of Information Resources for Research (URICI)
LEAD ACCUMULATION AND SUBCELULAR DISTRIBUTION IN THE SCALLOP AEQUIPECTEN OPERCULARIS
The scallop Aequipecten opercularis accumulates high concentrations of lead
(Pb) in its tissues, what has led to the ban of its extraction in the Ría de Vigo (Galicia,
Spain) for feeding purposes. The Ría de Vigo presents higher levels of Pb than other
industrialized Galician Rías, mainly due to a ceramic factory that was operating in the
inner part of the Ría from 1961 to 2001 (Álvarez-Iglesias et al., 2003). This study aims at
testing the dynamics of bioaccumulation of Pb in this species, its tissue distribution and the
subcellular partitioning Pb, with the aim of enhancing our understanding of the
mechanisms that provoke the high Pb levels reached in its tissues. Scallops originating
from a clean area were exposed in cages in two places in the Ría de Vigo (one harbour and
a less impacted location) and 10 individuals were collected every month over a three
months period. The bioaccumulation of Pb and other metals was studied including its
distribution in several tissues: gills, digestive gland, kidney, muscle, gonad and rest. The
results showed that scallops accumulated similar levels of Pb in both locations, and that
about 76% of the Pb was found in the kidney. Subcellular partitioning of kidney samples
additionally showed that around a 60-70% of Pb in the kidneys was included in metal rich
granules, indicating that this is probably the reason of the high levels of Pb observed in this
species, as occurs for other bivalves (Darriba and Sánchez-Marín, 2013). Concerning other
metals analysed, it was observed that Zn was also mainly accumulated in the kidney, while
Cd content was highest in the digestive gland. Cu and Ni were preferentially accumulated
in the digestive gland or kidney, depending on the location, and As was mainly found in
the muscle. Results will be discussed on the basis of metal pollution in both locations and
according to detoxification strategies used by scallops
Influencia de factores productivos de cabras de raza Florida, en los resultados de fertilidad a inseminación artificial
Este estudio se ha realizado utilizando los datos recogidos
por los técnicos de ACRIFLOR y del Centro IFAPA de Hinojosa del Duque durante las anualidades 2005, 2006, 2007 y 2008. Dichos datos informan acerca de la inseminación
de 1.739 cabras de la raza Florida. El trabajo se ha realizado con semen fresco refrigerado, estudiando los siguientes factores: Número de parto de la cabra en el momento
inseminación, Nivel de producción (kg de leche en el control lechero más cercano) y días de lactación desde la fecha del último parto.
La obtención y procesamiento del semen se realiza por técnicos del Instituto Andaluz de Investigación y Formación
Agraria, Pesca, Alimentación y de la Producción Ecológica IFAPA en el centro de Recogida de Esperma Caprino
ubicado en Hinojosa del Duque (Córdoba), y donde
ACRIFLOR, mediante Convenio suscrito con el IFAPA, mantiene su Centro de Testaje de Machos. Las hembras inseminadas deben cumplir los requisitos de: una ecografía
previa para descartar las pseudogestaciones, que no hayan abortado o presenten problemas reproductivos, que no sean nulíparas y, además, todas las cabras deben estar identificadas individualmente y en control lechero oficial. Los resultados de fertilidad con inseminación artificial en la raza Florida no han sido tan altos como los resultados
obtenidos en otras razas caprinas, los cuales rondan un 60% de fertilidad en semen fresco y un 50% de fertilidad
en semen congelado, es por ello que se han analizado los posibles factores que pueden estar provocando estos resultados menos favorables
Neuregulin 3 Mediates Cortical Plate Invasion and Laminar Allocation of GABAergic Interneurons
Neural circuits in the cerebral cortex consist of excitatory pyramidal cells and inhibitory interneurons. These two main classes of cortical neurons follow largely different genetic programs, yet they assemble into highly specialized circuits during development following a very precise choreography. Previous studies have shown that signals produced by pyramidal cells influence the migration of cortical interneurons, but the molecular nature of these factors has remained elusive. Here, we identified Neuregulin 3 (Nrg3) as a chemoattractive factor expressed by developing pyramidal cells that guides the allocation of cortical interneurons in the developing cortical plate. Gain- and loss-of-function approaches reveal that Nrg3 modulates the migration of interneurons into the cortical plate in a process that is dependent on the tyrosine kinase receptor ErbB4. Perturbation of Nrg3 signaling in conditional mutants leads to abnormal lamination of cortical interneurons. Nrg3 is therefore a critical mediator in the assembly of cortical inhibitory circuits
Properties of biopolymer dispersions and films used as carriers of the biocontrol agent Candida sake CPA-1
[EN] The use of biocontrol agents (BCA) for controlling plant diseases is an alternative to reduce the use of
pesticides. Their performance can be improved when applied in combination with coatings. Films and
coatings formulated from different biopolymers were characterized as to their barrier and optical
properties to analyse their impact on fruit when applied as carriers of the BCA Candida sake CPA-1. The
properties of the film-forming dispersions were more affected by the type of polymer than by the
incorporation of surfactants. Sodium caseinate formed the thickest coatings, but these were very thin in
every case, which led to there being no predicted relevant effect on the gas exchanges of the fruit. The
cell viability in the films was good during film drying, especially in the case of protein films; however, it
decreased after storage.The authors are grateful to the Spanish Government for the financial support through project RTA2012-00067-0O2 and to the Conselleria d'Educacio of the Generalitat Valenciana, (Spain) for A. Marin's PhD grant (VALi+d 2013). The authors are also thankful to IRTA group, headed by Dra. Neus Teixido, for their assistance in the microbiological study.Marín-Gozalbo, A.; Atarés Huerta, LM.; Cháfer Nácher, MT.; Chiralt, A. (2017). Properties of biopolymer dispersions and films used as carriers of the biocontrol agent Candida sake CPA-1. LWT - Food Science and Technology. 79:60-69. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2017.01.024S60697
Soluble RAGE in COPD, with or without coexisting obstructive sleep apnoea
Background: Hypoxia can reduce the levels of soluble receptor for advanced glycation end-products (sRAGE), a new anti-inflammatory biomarker of COPD. We assessed sRAGE in patients with hypoxia-related diseases such as COPD, OSA and OSA-COPD overlap. Methods: Plasma levels of sRAGE were measured in 317 subjects at baseline (57 heathy nonsmokers HNS], 84 healthy smokers HS], 79 OSA, 62 COPD and 35 OSA-COPD overlap patients) and in 294 subjects after one year of follow-up (50 HNS, 74 HS, 77 OSA, 60 COPD and 33 overlap). Results: After adjusting for age, sex, smoking status and body mass index, sRAGE levels showed a reduction in OSA (- 12.5%, p = 0.005), COPD (- 14.8%, p < 0.001) and OSA-COPD overlap (- 12.3%, p = 0.02) compared with HNS. There were no differences when comparing sRAGE plasma levels between overlap patients and those with OSA or COPD alone. At follow-up, sRAGE levels did not change significantly in healthy subjects, COPD and OSA or OSA-COPD overlap nontreated with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP). Moreover, in patients with OSA and OSA-COPD overlap who were treated with CPAP, sRAGE increased significantly. Conclusions: The levels of sRAGE are reduced in COPD and OSA. Treatment with CPAP appears to improve sRAGE levels in patients with OSA who also had COPD
Fístula arteriovenosa postraumática: tratamiento endovascular. Revisión de la literatura y presentación de un caso clínico
ResumenLas fístulas arteriovenosas en la cabeza y el cuello son entidades poco frecuentes. La mayoría es secundaria a heridas penetrantes por arma blanca. Se describe el tratamiento exitoso mediante cirugía endovascular de una fístula postraumática tras una herida penetrante entre la arteria maxilar interna izquierda y la vena yugular externa. A través de este caso clínico y la revisión de la literatura se ilustran las causas, manifestaciones, estudio radiológico y tratamiento de una fístula postraumática entre la arteria maxilar interna y la vena yugular externa. A través de este caso clínico se demuestra la utilidad de los procedimientos endovasculares en el tratamiento de estas complicaciones.AbstractTraumatic arteriovenous fistulas of the head and neck region are uncommon. The majority are due to penetration of blunt injury. We describe a successful endovascular treatment of a posttraumatic fistula between the left maxillary artery and the external jugular vein due to a penetration injury. This case and a review of the literature illustrate the causes, manifestations, image studies and treatment for a posttraumatic fistula between the maxillary artery and the external jugular vein. This case demonstrate the utility of endovascular treatment of head and neck injuries complications
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