Medicina de precisión en Enfermedad de Alzheimer

Seminario sobre la importación del desarrollo de medicina preventiva y de precisión para detectar al enfermedad de Alzheimer. Se expone el estudio de distintos biomarcadores que facilitarían la detección precoz de la enfermedad. La prevención secundaria se plantea como clave para el futuro manejo de la enfermedad de Alzheimer.N

MAPT H1 haplotype is associated with late-onset Alzheimer's disease risk in APOE ε 4 noncarriers: Results from the dementia genetics Spanish consortium

The MAPT H1 haplotype has been linked to several disorders, but its relationship with Alzheimer's disease (AD) remains controversial. A rare variant in MAPT (p.A152T) has been linked with frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and AD. We genotyped H1/H2 and p.A152T MAPT in 11,572 subjects from Spain (4,327 AD, 563 FTD, 648 Parkinson's disease (PD), 84 progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), and 5,950 healthy controls). Additionally, we included 101 individuals from 21 families with genetic FTD. MAPT p.A152T was borderline significantly associated with FTD [odds ratio (OR)=2.03; p=0.063], but not with AD. MAPT H1 haplotype was associated with AD risk (OR=1.12; p=0.0005). Stratification analysis showed that this association was mainly driven by APOE ε4 noncarriers (OR=1.14; p=0.0025). MAPT H1 was also associated with risk for PD (OR=1.30; p=0.0003) and PSP (OR=3.18; p=8.59 × 10-8) but not FTD. Our results suggest that the MAPT H1 haplotype increases the risk of PD, PSP, and non-APOE ε4 AD.Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation SAF 2006-10126 (2006–2009) and SAF2010-22329-C02-01 (2011–2013) to P.P and by the UTE project FIMA to P.P. Grants from the Ministry of Science (SAF2010-15558) and CIBERNED. Agust´ın Ruiz is supported by grant PI13/02434 (Acción Estratégica en Salud. Instituto de Salud Carlos III. Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad, Spain). Grant: Consolider (CSD2010-00045).Peer Reviewe

Importancia de los estudios de erosión en la planificación de usos del suelo. Veinte años de estudios en la Comunidad Valenciana

8 páginas, 3 tablas.En este trabajo se resalta la importancia de incorporar la evaluación de la erosión hídrica del suelo en ejercicios de planificación de usos del territorio, a través de los estudios que se han ido llevando a cabo durante más de veinte años en la Comunidad Valenciana. Durante este período, se han desarrollado y aplicado tanto métodos cuantitativos de predicción (fundamentalmente adaptando la USLE a las particulares condiciones ambientales de este ámbito) como procedimientos cualitativos de estimación. Aunque todavía no existe una metodología totalmente satisfactoria para la evaluación del proceso erosivo en el ámbito mediterráneo, la experiencia acumulada muestra que las aproximaciones aplicadas permiten plantear propuestas adecuadas de orientaciones y recomendaciones de usos y de planes de asignación de usos al suelo.Peer reviewe

Late reproductive senescence in a rabbit line hyper selected for reproductive longevity, and its association with body reserves

The aim of the present study was to investigate differences in reproductive and body traits during successive parities between two genetic lines. The LP line was constituted by means of selection of animals having an extremely high number of parities (at least 25) and an average reproductive performance compared to the V line selected for litter size at weaning during 31 generations. The two lines were found to have an equal reproductive performance in the first three parities, but the LP line had higher reproductive performance from the fourth parturition onwards. The low reproductive performance after the third parity in the V line was suggested to be caused by constrained environmental conditions in the test station. A line by parity interaction was also observed for body weight, since body weight declined going from the third to the fourth parity in the LP line but not the V line. Thus, it was concluded that hyper selection for reproductive longevity and average prolificacy successfully delayed reproductive senescence, and that this newly founded line showed less environmental sensitivity, which might have been mediated by a higher body reserve

Les démonstrations mathématiques. Un exemple d’application avec les étudiants dans la classe de 3eme ESO

In this article we show the influence of mathematical accuracy and its procedures through different periods of Mathematical History and the role played demonstrations and problem solving in the development of Mathematics. We will complete this theoretical dissertation with some experimental data obtained in the classroom. We will compare the results obtained by a class group following a teaching methodology based upon mathematical accuracy, reasoning and demonstration versus a class group using a more traditional teaching approach. The comparison of the two groups shows how the first group obtained better results in tests of mathematical problem solving.En este artículo mostramos la influencia que han tenido el rigor y sus respectivos procedimientos en diferentes momentos de la Historia de las Matemáticas y como algunas demostraciones y problemas han jugado un papel importantísimo en el desarrollo de las Matemáticas. Complementaremos esta fundamentación teórica con los resultados de una experiencia de aula en donde comprobaremos que un grupo en donde se aplicó una metodología en la cual los procesos de argumentación y demostración tuvieron una especial relevancia obtuvo mejores resultados en unas pruebas de resolución de problemas que otro grupo del mismo nivel al que se le aplicó una metodología más tradicional.Dans ce article nous montrons l’influence que a eu la rigueur mathématique et les processus associes au raisonnement dans les différents moments de l’Histoire de la mathématique. Nous monstrons comment certaines démonstrations et problèmes ont joué un rôle très important dans le devenir de la Science Mathématique. Nous complèterons cette explication théorétique avec les résultats d’une expérience de classe. Nous vérifierons que un groupe où il était appli une méthodologie basé sur l’utilisation de las démonstrations et le raisonnement a obtenu des meilleiurs résultats dans les preuves de résolutions des problèmes qu’ils ont réalisé. La comparaison des deux groupes montre clairement la différence./n

Reforma del grupo de frío de un centro sanitario

Realizar la remodelación de una instalación de climatización en la parte de generación para el caso concreto de un centro sanitario. Se realizará de acuerdo a la normativa vigente. Se mantendrán las máquinas de generación de frío, se remodelará el sistema de transporte del fluido refrigerado y se instalarán nuevos equipos en la instalación como bombas y valvulería

Antioxidant activity and physicochemical parameters for the differentiation of honey using a potentiometric electronic tongue

[EN] BACKGROUND: This work evaluates the capacity of a potentiometric electronic tongue to differentiate between types of honey (orange blossom, rosemary, thyme, sunflower, winter savory and honeydew honey) according to their antioxidant level. The classical procedures used to evaluate the antioxidant potential of honey are inappropriate for in situ monitoring on reception of batches of raw honey in the packaging industry. They are also destructive, time-consuming and very tedious, requiring highly expert analysts and specialised equipment. RESULTS: The electronic tongue system made with Ag, Ni, Co, Cu and Au was able to not only differentiate between types of honey but also to predict their total antioxidant capacity. The discrimination ability of the system was proved by means of a fuzzy ARTMAP type ANN, with 100% classification success. A prediction multiple linear regression model showed that the best correlation coefficientwas for antioxidant activity (0.9666), then for electrical conductivity (0.8959) and to a lesser extent for aw, moisture and colour. CONCLUSION: The proposed measurement system could be a quick, easy option for the honey packaging sector to provide continuous in-line information about a characteristic as important as the antioxidant level. © 2016 Society of Chemical IndustryThe authors thank the Generalitat Valenciana (Spain) and the Spanish Government for funding the projects AICO/2015/104 and (MAT2015-64139-C4-3-R), respectively.Juan Borrás, MDS.; Soto Camino, J.; Gil Sánchez, L.; Pascual-Maté, A.; Escriche Roberto, MI. (2017). Antioxidant activity and physicochemical parameters for the differentiation of honey using a potentiometric electronic tongue. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture. 97(7):2215-2222. https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.8031S2215222297

Charge Transport in Trap-Sensitized Infrared PbS Quantum-Dot-Based Photoconductors: Pros and Cons

Control of quantum-dot (QD) surface chemistry offers a direct approach for the tuning of charge-carrier dynamics in photoconductors based on strongly coupled QD solids. We investigate the effects of altering the surface chemistry of PbS QDs in such QD solids via ligand exchange using 3-mercaptopropionic acid (MPA) and tetrabutylammonium iodide (TBAI). The roll-to-roll compatible doctor-blade technique was used for the fabrication of the QD solid films as the photoactive component in photoconductors and field-effect phototransistors. The ligand exchange of the QD solid film with MPA yields superior device performance with higher photosensitivity and detectivity, which is due to less dark current and lower noise level as compared to ligand exchange with TBAI. In both cases, the mechanism responsible for photoconductivity is related to trap sensitization of the QD solid, in which traps are responsible of high photoconductive gain values, but slow response times under very low incident optical power (100 pW), where traps are filled, both MPA- and TBAI-treated photodevices exhibit similar behavior, characterized by lower responsivity and faster response time, as limited by the mobility in the QD solid

Hydrological Alteration Index as an Indicator of the Calibration Complexity of Water Quantity and Quality Modeling in the Context of Global Change

Modeling is a useful way to understand human and climate change impacts on the water resources of agricultural watersheds. Calibration and validation methodologies are crucial in forecasting assessments. This study explores the best calibration methodology depending on the level of hydrological alteration due to human-derived stressors. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model is used to evaluate hydrology in South-West Europe in a context of intensive agriculture and water scarcity. The Index of Hydrological Alteration (IHA) is calculated using discharge observation data. A comparison of two SWAT calibration methodologies are done; a conventional calibration (CC) based on recorded in-stream water quality and quantity and an additional calibration (AC) adding crop managements practices. Even if the water quality and quantity trends are similar between CC and AC, water balance, irrigation and crop yields are different. In the context of rainfall decrease, water yield decreases in both CC and AC, while crop productions present opposite trends (+33% in CC and -31% in AC). Hydrological performance between CC and AC is correlated to IHA: When the level of IHA is under 80%, AC methodology is necessary. The combination of both calibrations appears essential to better constrain the model and to forecast the impact of climate change or anthropogenic influences on water resources

Evaluación de la transferencia de calor vertical en la zona no saturada sobre el acuífero aluvial urbano de Zaragoza

En este trabajo se ha analizado el comportamiento térmico de la zona no saturada en la ciudad de Zaragoza, a partir de la construcción de un modelo tridimensional con el software FEFLOW. Tras la construcción del modelo, se han simulado distintos escenarios que han permitido conocer el comportamiento térmico de la zona no saturada y la influencia de esta sobre el acuífero