Exploratory study on didactic aspects used in scientific-technical (STEM) dissemination conferences for students of secondary education

The connection between education and a country's economic and social development is unquestionable, and science and technology-related careers are of particular importance. Given the lack of vocations in these degrees, a number of mechanisms have been used to attract students, including science and technology conferences in secondary schools. Focusing on this type of lectures, this article aims to analyse the didactic aspects used by university lecturers who deliver this type of lectures. To this end, 16 teachers were interviewed using a structured interview. From the qualitative analysis of the interviews, we reached a series of results and conclusions, among which we would like to highlight the following: teachers see these lectures as a form of scientific dissemination which also helps to promote the degree courses they teach and serves as a support for attracting students; when choosing the content of the lecture, they mainly take into account the secondary school curriculum, including striking aspects and the results of their own research; the mediums used are mainly visual and supported by Do It Yourself techniques; the content is normally presented through presentations or practical laboratory exercises; finally, the documentation provided to students depends on the teacher giving the lecture, and there is no consensus on this pointPeer Reviewe

Bullying among Teens: Are Ethnicity and Race Risk Factors for Victimization? A Bibliometric Research

Bullying is a problematic situation that negatively affects thousands of children and adolescents in today’s world. The multicultural society resulting from globalization has caused different reactions throughout society. In the school context, some authors indicate that ethnicity and race are risk factors for being victims of bullying. Therefore, the purpose of this paper was to analyze the scientific production on racial or ethnic bullying with the greatest impact at present, considering nine variables: Publication date, authors, organizations, countries, journals, type of document, area of research, language, and reference with more impact (cites). We conducted a bibliometric study through systematic review, documentary quantification, and data visualization techniques. We analyzed 831 documents, with a notable increase in recent years (2011–2019), highlighting the production from Dewey Cornell (University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA). On the other hand, the results showed that ethnic identity constitutes a differential factor in harassment appearing, accompanied by very poor socio-economic and cultural levels favoring depressive tendencies and drug consumption in the ethnic harassed. In short, bullying has a negative impact both physically and psychologically on the victims. For this reason, we must continue to work from the school context to eradicate the situation that is affecting more and more people

ICDAR 2021 competition on mathematical formula detection

[EN] This paper introduces the Competition on Mathematical Formula Detection that was organized for the ICDAR 2021. The main goal of this competition was to provide the researchers and practitioners a common framework to research on this topic. A large dataset was prepared for this contest where the GT was automatically generated and manually reviewed. Fourteen participants submitted their results for this competition and these results show that there is still room for improvement especially for the detection of embedded mathematical expressions.This work has been partially supported by the Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnologia under the grant TIN2017-91452-EXP (IBEM) and by the Generalitat Valenciana under the grant PROMETEO/2019/121 (DeepPattern).Anitei, D.; Sánchez Peiró, JA.; Fuentes-López, JM.; Paredes Palacios, R.; Benedí Ruiz, JM. (2021). ICDAR 2021 competition on mathematical formula detection. Springer. 783-795. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-86337-1_52783795Deng, Y., Kanervisto, A., Rush, A.M.: What you get is what you see: a visual markup decompiler. arXiv abs/1609.04938 (2016)Gehrke, J., Ginsparg, P., Kleinberg, J.: Overview of the 2003 KDD cup. SIGKDD Explor. Newsl. (2), 149–151 (2003)Oberdiek, H.: The zref package. https://osl.ugr.es/CTAN/macros/latex/contrib/zref/zref.pdfLi, X., et al.: Generalized focal loss: Learning qualified and distributed bounding boxes for dense object detection (2020)Mahdavi, M., Zanibbi, R., MouchÚre, H., Viard-Gaudin, C., Garain, U.: ICDAR 2019 CROHME + TFD: competition on recognition of handwritten mathematical expressions and typeset formula detection. In: International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition (2019)Ohyama, W., Suzuki, M., Uchida, S.: Detecting mathematical expressions in scientific document images using a U-Net trained on a diverse dataset. IEEE Access 7, 144030–144042 (2019)Phillips, I.: Methodologies for using UW databases for OCR and image understanding systems. In: Proceedings of the SPIE, Document Recognition V, vol. 3305, pp. 112–127 (1998)Pizzini, K., Bonzini, P., Meyering, J., Gordon, A.: GNUsed, a stream editor. https://www.gnu.org/software/sed/manual/sed.pdfSolovyev, R., Wang, W., Gabruseva, T.: Weighted boxes fusion: ensembling boxes from different object detection models. Image Vis. Comput. 107, 104117 (2021)Suzuki, M., Uchida, S., Nomura, A.: A ground-truthed mathematical character and symbol image database. In: Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition (ICDAR 2005), pp. 675–679 (2005)Zanibbi, R., Blostein, D.: Recognition and retrieval of mathematical expressions. Int. J. Doc. Anal. Recogn. 14, 331–357 (2011)Zanibbi, R., Oard, D.W., Agarwal, A., Mansouri, B.: Overview of ARQMath 2020: CLEF lab on answer retrieval for questions on math. In: Arampatzis, A., et al. (eds.) CLEF 2020. LNCS, vol. 12260, pp. 169–193. Springer, Cham (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-58219-7_1

Contributions to the psychology of consumerism: education and consu-mers ? defense

El presente artículo tiene como finalidad determinar los aportes de la psicología al consumerismo. Para este fin, se inició con la contextualización del marco teórico relacionado con el consumerismo, su definición, las circunstancias específicas de la sociedad actual que han favorecido el afianzamiento de esta temática, y los aspectos legales internacionales y nacionales (en Colombia). A continuación, se realizó una revisión de la literatura que señalaba los aportes de la psicología al consumerismo. Finalmente, se planteó una discusión acerca del papel activo que la psicología debe abordar en el tema del consumerismo, los factores psicológicos que intermedian en este proceso, las consecuencias individuales y sociales, así como el nuevo rol que debe enfrentar el psicólogo interesado en la psicología del consumidorThis study aims at determining the contributions of psychology to the phenomenon of consumerism. To this end, we contextualize the theoretical framework, considering current specific societal circumstances, as well as legal aspects both in the international and the Colombian national contexts. A review of the literature allows us to identify specific contributions of the psychology of consumerism. Finally, we discuss the active role psychology should have in this topic, the psychological factors that mediate in the process and the characteristics psychologists interested in the psychology of consumerism should hav

Pre-competitive anxiety in U12, U14 and U16 paddle tennis players

The main aim of this research is to analyze the level of precompetitive anxiety in female paddle players and male paddle players of Castilla y León in the categories U12, U14 and 16 before the beginning of the competition. Thus, 221 players participated in the study: 100 female athletes and 121 male athletes. The results showed that the level of self-confidence of athletes is higher than the levels obtained in the cognitive anxiety and somatic anxiety, respectively. In relation with the sex of the athletes, male players showed higher levels in self-confidence and somatic anxiety, while the female players counted higher on cognitive anxiety. Finally, depending on the category in which they compete, U12 players are those who have more confidence in themselves, whereas U16 players are those who counted higher in the variables of cognitive anxiety and somatic anxiety.El objetivo principal que se propone con este trabajo de investigación es analizar el nivel de ansiedad precompetitiva en los jugadores y las jugadoras de pádel de Castilla y León en las categorías alevín, infantil y cadete, en los minutos previos al comienzo de la competición. Para ello, participaron 221 jugadores: 100 deportistas de sexo femenino y 121 del sexo masculino. Los resultados demostraron que el nivel de autoconfianza de los deportistas es mayor que los niveles obtenidos en las variables ansiedad cognitiva y ansiedad somática, respectivamente. En relación con el sexo, los jugadores mostraron niveles superiores en autoconfianza y ansiedad somática, mientras las jugadoras puntuaron más alto en ansiedad cognitiva. Por último, en función de la categoría en la que compiten, los alevines son los que más confianza tienen en ellos mismos, mientras que los cadetes son los que puntuaron más alto en las variables de ansiedad cognitiva y ansiedad somática

Analysis of the impact of charging of PHEV and EV in Spain

This paper studies the effect of different penetration rates of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) and electric vehicles (EV) in the Spanish electrical system. A stochastic model for the average trip evaluation and for the arriving and departure times is used to determine the availability of the vehicles for charging. A novel advanced charging algorithm is proposed, which avoids any communication among all agents. Its performance is determined through different charging scenarios

Motivos para el consumo de alcohol en adolescentes de Chilpancingo Guerrero, México

El consumo de alcohol entre los adolescentes representa un problema de salud pública que conlleva a consecuencias adversas para la salud de la persona que lo consume, la familia y la sociedad. El objetivo del estudio fue determinar la relación de los motivos para el consumo de alcohol y el consumo de alcohol en adolescentes en 356 adolescentes del Estado de Guerrero, México a través de un estudio descriptivo correlacional. Se identificó que el 67.9% de los adolescentes han consumido alcohol alguna vez en la vida, 44.7% en el último año y el 22.7% en el último mes. La edad inicio del consumo de alcohol fue a los 14.4 años y los adolescentes consumen 2.6 bebidas alcohólicas en una sola ocasión. Se identificó que los principales motivos para el consumo de alcohol están relacionados con aspectos sociales ( = 8.7) y para el manejo de problemas emocionales ( = 7.6) del adolescente. Además los resultados muestran una relación positiva y significativa entre los motivos para el consumo de alcohol y la cantidad del bebidas alcohólicas consumidas en un día típico (r s = .184, p= .018). Estos hallazgos exponen la magnitud del consumo de alcohol en los adolescentes, así como las motivaciones para el consumo de alcohol, los cuales servirán de base para que los programas de atención a la salud a los adolescentes puedan reorientar sus acciones y poder influir en la modificación de las conductas de riesgo de los adolescentesThe use of alcohol among teenagers represents a public health problem that leads to a series of negative health consequences for consumers, their families and society. The aim of the study was to determine the relationship between the causes of alcohol consumption and alcohol consumption in teenagers, covering 356 teenagers from Estado de Guerrero, Mexico, through a correlational descriptive study. It was identified that 67.9% of teenagers have consumed alcohol at least once in their lives, 47.7% in the past year and 22.7% in the last month. The onset age of alcohol consumption was at 14.4 years old and teenagers consume 2.6 alcohol beverages on a single occasion. It was identified that the main reasons for the use of alcohol in teenagers are related with social aspects ( = 8.7) and for handling emotional problems ( = 7.6). In addition, the results show a positive and significant relationship between the reasons for alcohol consumption and the amount of alcoholic beverages on a typical day. (rs= .184, p= .018). These findings set forth the scale of the use of alcohol among teenagers, as well as the reasons for alcohol consumption, which will serve as a starting point to help programs for teenagers' health care to redirect their action in order to influence and modify risk behaviors in teenagers

Female Spanish athletes face pre-competition anxiety at the highest levels of competition

Pre-competition anxiety is one of the most common emotions experienced among athletes in high performance sport. It can cause both positive and negative effects, which makes the ability to manage this anxiety one of the most important parts of an athlete's preparation. This study analyzes the anxiety levels in athletes from the Spanish Women's National Track & Field Team who participated in the European Championships, the World Championships, and the Olympic Games. The study evaluates how these athletes cope with pre-competition anxiety by examining three variables in the moments prior to the competition-cognitive anxiety, self-confidence, and somatic anxiety-and the way these variables impacted the results achieved by these athletes. The study indicates that a significant difference exists between cognitive anxiety and self-confidence, which shows that the higher an athlete's self-confidence, the lower the levels of cognitive anxiety. Higher levels of self-confidence and lower levels of cognitive anxiety were also shown to have a positive impact on performance results.La ansiedad precompetitiva es una de las emociones más generalizadas en el deporte de alto rendimiento deportivo. Provoca efectos tanto positivos como negativos, por lo que el control de la misma es uno de los objetivos más importantes dentro de la preparación del atleta de alto nivel. El objeto de este estudio es analizar los niveles de ansiedad en las atletas españolas del equipo nacional de atletismo que participan en la máxima competición tanto a nivel español como en campeonatos de Europa, del Mundo y Juegos Olímpicos. Se realizó un estudio desde la perspectiva de cómo afrontan las atletas españolas la ansiedad precompetitiva a partir de las variables ansiedad cognitiva, autoconfianza y ansiedad somática, y la manera en que estas tres variables inciden en el resultado obtenido por las atletas españolas en el momento previo a la competición. Los resultados obtenidos muestran diferencias significativas entre la ansiedad cognitiva y la autoconfianza, lo que provoca que, a mayores niveles de autoconfianza, los niveles de ansiedad cognitiva sean menores. Esto les permite evitar los signos negativos que causa la ansiedad cognitiva, con lo que esta no afecta a su rendimiento

Efecto agudo del chaleco lastrado sobre la condición física del portero de fútbol

There are few studies related to the physical condition of young soccer goalkeepers. The aim of the study is to analyze the acute effect on the goalkeeper's physical condition through a session by wearing a weight-bearing vest at 5% of body weight. The variables analyzed are explosive strength (SJ and CMJ) through the application "My Jump" and the agility test Lloureq (Llopis, Ulloa & Requena, 2010) adapted. A session with a weight-bearing vest is carried out at 5% of his body weight, on 6 young goalkeepers of high sporting skill, with a mean age of 16.17 (± 1.17 years). The main results show that there are no significant differences between the pretest and posttest SJ and CMJ force levels, however, there are significant differences (p <.05) in the other variables analyzed in relation to specific agility and technical elements Specific to the goalkeeper. The use of the ballast vest with acute effect can be considered as a good training material specific to the goalkeeper of soccer.Son pocos los estudios relacionados con la condición física de los porteros jóvenes de fútbol. El objetivo del estudio es analizar el efecto agudo sobre la condición física del portero a través de una sesión mediante el empleo de un chaleco lastrado al 5% del peso corporal. Las variables analizadas son fuerza explosiva (SJ y CMJ) a través de la aplicación “My Jump” y el test de agilidad Lloureq (Llopis, Ulloa & Requena, 2010) adaptado. Se realiza una sesión con chaleco lastrado al 5% de su peso corporal, sobre 6 porteros jóvenes de alta pericia deportiva, con una media de edad de 16.17 (±1.17 años). Los principales resultados muestras que no existen diferencias significativas entre los niveles de fuerza SJ y CMJ pretest y postest, sin embargo sí que existen diferencias significativas (p <.05) en el resto de variables analizadas en relación a la agilidad específica y los elementos técnicos específicos del portero de fútbol. El uso del chaleco lastrado con efecto agudo se puede considerar como un buen material de entrenamiento específico del portero de fútbol