Análisis situacional de la gestión operativa de almacenes

El objetivo del presente proyecto de final de carrera, es la realización de un estudio donde se analiza el estado situacional de la gestión operativa dentro de los almacenes, de una manera fiable y precisa, radiografiando y estableciendo un diagnóstico del estado o punto de desarrollo en los que se encuentran actualmente la gestión de almacenes. Para cumplir este objetivo se realizará una prospectiva de los principales ratios e indicadores de utilización habitual dentro de la gestión operativa de los almacenes, a partir de los cuales y mediante un filtrado y análisis individual de los mismos, se concretará en una lista precisa de los de mayor importancia, utilización y aplicación con el objetivo del proyecto. Se redactará y construirá un formulario, donde quedarán plasmados todos los requerimientos de los datos necesarios para el cálculo y medición de los indicadores seleccionados, así como toda una lista de factores indirectos ya sean cualitativos o cuantitativos que favorezcan el entendimiento y comprensión de las características de la operativa dentro de los almacenes de las empresas participantes, así como otro tipo de datos generales. Una vez establecido el formato del formulario y su plasmación en un formato digital, con el objetivo de facilitar su cumplimentación y difusión, se llevará a cabo una distribución masiva del mismo por medio de diferentes vías, entre la que destaca como principal, un proceso de mailing a través de los socios y colaboradores del ICIL (Institut Català d´Investigació Logística). Se analizarán todos los datos obtenidos y facilitados por las empresas participantes, por medio de una clasificación y segmentación en los diferentes factores de importancia con el con el objetivo de realizar una redacción y plasmación de tendencias, situaciones y recomendaciones por medio de su presentación en unas conclusiones finales

Análisis situacional de la gestión operativa de almacenes

El objetivo del presente proyecto de final de carrera, es la realización de un estudio donde se analiza el estado situacional de la gestión operativa dentro de los almacenes, de una manera fiable y precisa, radiografiando y estableciendo un diagnóstico del estado o punto de desarrollo en los que se encuentran actualmente la gestión de almacenes. Para cumplir este objetivo se realizará una prospectiva de los principales ratios e indicadores de utilización habitual dentro de la gestión operativa de los almacenes, a partir de los cuales y mediante un filtrado y análisis individual de los mismos, se concretará en una lista precisa de los de mayor importancia, utilización y aplicación con el objetivo del proyecto. Se redactará y construirá un formulario, donde quedarán plasmados todos los requerimientos de los datos necesarios para el cálculo y medición de los indicadores seleccionados, así como toda una lista de factores indirectos ya sean cualitativos o cuantitativos que favorezcan el entendimiento y comprensión de las características de la operativa dentro de los almacenes de las empresas participantes, así como otro tipo de datos generales. Una vez establecido el formato del formulario y su plasmación en un formato digital, con el objetivo de facilitar su cumplimentación y difusión, se llevará a cabo una distribución masiva del mismo por medio de diferentes vías, entre la que destaca como principal, un proceso de mailing a través de los socios y colaboradores del ICIL (Institut Català d´Investigació Logística). Se analizarán todos los datos obtenidos y facilitados por las empresas participantes, por medio de una clasificación y segmentación en los diferentes factores de importancia con el con el objetivo de realizar una redacción y plasmación de tendencias, situaciones y recomendaciones por medio de su presentación en unas conclusiones finales

MORFOANATOMÍA FOLIAR COMO EVIDENCIA TAXONÓMICA EN LA DELIMITACIÓN DE LAS ESPECIES QUE FORMAN EL COMPLEJO Varronia bullata (CORDIACEAE)

The neotropical genus Varronia P. Browne is one of the most problematic, taxonomically, among the Boraginales. This may be due to the frequency of overlapping the boundaries between intra and interspecific variation of some characters. The purpose of this project was to explore the potential of foliar morpho-anatomic characters for the delimitation of the species found within the Varronia bullata complex in Panama: Varronia inermis (Mill.) Borhidi, Varronia bullata L. and Varronia linnaei (Stearn) J.S. Windmill. For this purpose, mature leaves were collected in different populations for each species. Cross sections were made, and superficial sections of the leaf lamina were obtained, which were used to quantify and qualify previously selected morphoanatomic characters. The quantitative information was subjected to a discriminant canonical analysis. The results of the discriminating canonical analysis that detect the density of simple trichomes in the abaxial epidermis and the length of simple trichomes in the adaxial epidermis, are the characters that have the greatest influence on species separation. On the other hand, a descriptive way is reflected that the presence of crystalline sales, the type of trichomes and the distribution of stomata also contribute to the taxonomic separation of species.El género neotropical Varronia P. Browne es uno de los más problemáticos, taxonómicamente, entre las Boraginales. Esto puede deberse a la frecuente superposición de los límites entre la variación intra e interespecífica de algunos caracteres. La finalidad de este trabajo fue explorar el potencial de los caracteres morfoanatómicos foliares para la delimitación de las especies que se encuentran dentro del complejo Varronia bullata en Panamá: Varronia inermis (Mill.) Borhidi, Varronia bullata L. y Varronia linnaei (Stearn) J.S. Mill. Para esto, se colectaron hojas maduras en diferentes poblaciones de cada especie. Se realizaron cortes transversales y se obtuvieron secciones superficiales de la lámina foliar, los cuales fueron utilizados para cuantificar y cualificar caracteres morfoanatómicos previamente seleccionados. La información cuantitativa fue sometida a un análisis canónico discriminante. Los resultados del análisis canónico discriminante mostraron que la densidad de los tricomas simples en la epidermis abaxial y la longitud de los tricomas simples en la epidermis adaxial, son los caracteres que presentan mayor influencia en la separación de las especies; por otro lado, a manera descriptiva se refleja que la presencia de sales cristalinas, el tipo de tricomas y la distribución de los estomas también contribuyen en la separación taxonómica de las especies

Cancer treatment: the revolution of the antibody to ex vivo genetic modification of T lymphocytes

Introducción: en la actualidad existe una respuesta inmune contra el cáncer iniciada por señales transmitidas por la célula tumoral. Método: se realizó una revisión bibliográfica para desarrollar un análisis crítico reflexivo del contenido de documentos publicados de 2005 a 2016. Objetivo: proponer una actualización sobre la temática. Desarrollo: la inmunoterapia es un pilar de tratamiento fundamental, la más empleada en este grupo ha sido la de los anticuerpos monoclonales. Con el avance de la ciencia y la profundización de los estudios se han perfeccionado la especificidad, la eficacia y la seguridad de los nuevos grupos de medicamentos y han surgido novedosas vías como diana molecular. Conclusiones: la ruta recorrida por la inmunoterapia se ha convertido, para la Oncología moderna, en un poderoso instrumento que ha mejorado considerablemente la expectativa de vida de los pacientes que padecen enfermedades malignas.Introduction: there is currently an immune response against cancer initiated by signals transmitted by the tumor cell. Method: a bibliographic review was carried out to develop a reflexive critical analysis of the content of documents published from 2005 to 2016. Objective: to propose an update on the subject. Development: immunotherapy is a pillar of fundamental treatment, the most used in this group has been the monoclonal antibodies. With the advancement of science and the deepening of studies, the specificity, efficacy and safety of the new drug groups have been perfected and novel pathways have emerged as a molecular target. Conclusions: the route covered by immunotherapy has become, for modern Oncology, a powerful instrument that has considerably improved the life expectancy of patients suffering from malignant diseases

High-throughput phenotyping and improvements in breeding cassava for increased carotenoids in the roots

Past research developed reliable equations to base selections for high β-carotene on near-infrared spectroscopy (NIR) predictions (100 genotypes d−1) rather than with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) (<10 samples d−1). During recent harvest, CIAT made selections based on NIR predictions for the first time. This innovation produced valuable information that will help other cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) breeding programs. A total of 284 samples were analyzed with NIR and HPLC for total β-carotene (TBC) and by the oven method for dry matter content (DMC). Results indicated that NIR reliably predicted TBC and DMC. In addition, 232 genotypes grown in preliminary yield trials (PYTs) were harvested at 8.5 and 10.5 mo after planting (one plant per genotype and age) and root quality traits analyzed (by NIR only). Repeatability of results at the two ages was excellent, suggesting reliable results from NIR. In contrast to previous reports, age of the plant did not influence carotenoids content in the roots. The availability of a high-throughput NIR protocol allowed comparing results (for the first time) from seedling and cloned plants from the same genotype. Results showed very little relationship for DMC between seedling and cloned plants (R2 = 0.09). There was a much better association for TBC (R2 = 0.48) between seedling and cloned plants. It is postulated that variation in the environmental conditions when seedling and cloned plants (from the same genotype) may be responsible for these weak associations. Important changes in selection strategies have been implemented to overcome problems related to a lengthy harvesting season. (Résumé d'auteur

Influence of renal dysfunction on the differential behaviour of procalcitonin for the diagnosis of postoperative infection in cardiac surgery

Producción CientíficaBackground: procalcitonin is a valuable marker in the diagnosis of bacterial infections; however, the impairment of renal function can influence its diagnostic precision. The objective of this study is to evaluate the differential behaviour of procalcitonin, as well as its usefulness in the diagnosis of postoperative pulmonary infection after cardiac surgery, depending on the presence or absence of impaired renal function. Materials and methods: A total of 805 adult patients undergoing cardiac surgery with extracorporeal circulation (CBP) were prospectively recruited, comparing the behaviour of biomarkers between the groups with and without postoperative pneumonia and according to the presence or absence of renal dysfunction. Results: Pulmonary infection was diagnosed in 42 patients (5.21%). In total, 228 patients (28.32%) presented postoperative renal dysfunction. Procalcitonin was significantly higher in infected patients, even in the presence of renal dysfunction. The optimal procalcitonin threshold differed markedly in patients with renal dysfunction compared to patients without renal dysfunction (1 vs. 0.78 ng/mL p < 0.05). The diagnostic accuracy of procalcitonin increased significantly when the procalcitonin threshold was adapted to renal function. Conclusions: Procalcitonin is an accurate marker of postoperative infection in cardiac surgery, even in the presence of renal dysfunction. Renal function is an important determinant of procalcitonin levels and, therefore, its diagnostic thresholds must be adapted in the presence of renal dysfunction.Instituto de Salud Carlos III - (grant COV20/00491, PI18/01238, CIBERINFEC CB21/13/00051)Junta de Castilla y León - (grant VA321P18, GRS 1922/A/19, GRS 2057/A/19)Junta de Castilla y León, Consejería de Educación - (grant VA256P20)Fundación Ramón Areces - (grant CIVP19A5953)Instituto de Salud Carlos III y Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER)/Fondo Social Europeo - (grant CM20/00138

Toward better understanding of postharvest deterioration: biochemical changes in stored cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) roots

Food losses can occur during production, postharvest, and processing stages in the supply chain. With the onset of worldwide food shortages, interest in reducing postharvest losses in cassava has been increasing. In this research, the main goal was to evaluate biochemical changes and identify the metabolites involved in the deterioration of cassava roots. We found that high levels of ascorbic acid (AsA), polyphenol oxidase (PPO), dry matter, and proteins are correlated with overall lower rates of deterioration. On the other hand, soluble sugars such as glucose and fructose, as well as organic acids, mainly, succinic acid, seem to be upregulated during storage and may play a role in the deterioration of cassava roots. Cultivar Branco (BRA) was most resilient to postharvest physiological deterioration (PPD), while Oriental (ORI) was the most susceptible. Our findings suggest that PPO, AsA, and proteins may play a distinct role in PPD delay.This work was supported by PEC-PG ("Programa de Estudantes Convenio de Pos-Graduacao") coordinated by CAPES ("Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior"), CNPq, TWAS-Fellowship for Advanced Research and Training (FR Number 3240268144) and CIAT (International Center for Tropical Agriculture)

Native and fermented waxy cassava starch as a novel gluten-free and clean label ingredient for baking and expanded product development

Amylose-free and wild-type cassava starches were fermented for up to 30 days and oven- or sun-dried. The specific volume (ν) after baking was measured in native and fermented starches. The average ν (across treatments) for waxy starch was 3.5 times higher than that in wild-type starches (17.6 vs. 4.8 cm3 g−1). The best wild-type starch (obtained after fermentation and sun-drying) had considerably poorer breadmaking potential than native waxy cassava (8.4 vs. 16.4 cm3 g−1, respectively). The best results were generally obtained through the synergistic combination of fermentation (for about 10–14 days) and sundrying. Fermentation reduced viscosities and the weight average molar mass led to denser macromolecules and increased branching degree, which are linked to a high loaf volume. The absence of amylose, however, was shown to be a main determinant as well. Native waxy starch (neutral in taste, gluten-free, and considerably less expensive than the current alternatives to cassava) could become a new ingredient for the formulation of clean label-baked or fried expanded products

Hidden Sylvatic Foci of the Main Vector of Chagas Disease Triatoma infestans: Threats to the Vector Elimination Campaign?

Triatoma infestans, a highly domesticated species and historically the main vector of Trypanosoma cruzi, is the target of an insecticide-based elimination program in the southern cone countries of South America since 1991. Only limited success has been achieved in the Gran Chaco region due to repeated reinfestations. We conducted full-coverage spraying of pyrethroid insecticides of all houses in a well-defined rural area in northwestern Argentina, followed by intense monitoring of house reinfestation and searches for triatomine bugs in sylvatic habitats during the next two years, to establish the putative sources of new bug colonies. We found low-density sylvatic foci of T. infestans in trees located within the species' flight range from the nearest infested house detected before control interventions. Using multiple methods (fine-resolution satellite imagery, geographic information systems, spatial statistics, genetic markers and wing geometric morphometry), we corroborated the species identity of the sylvatic bugs as T. infestans and found they were indistinguishable from or closely related to local domestic or peridomestic bug populations. Two sylvatic foci were spatially associated to the nearest peridomestic bug populations found before interventions. Sylvatic habitats harbor hidden foci of T. infestans that may represent a threat to vector suppression attempts