Draft genome sequence of the naphthalene degrader Herbaspirillum sp. strain RV1423

Herbaspirillum sp. strain RV1423 was isolated from a site contaminated with alkanes and aromatic compounds and harbors the complete pathway for naphthalene degradation. The new features found in RV1423 increase considerably the versatility and the catabolic potential of a genus of bacteria previously considered mainly to be diazotrophic endophytes to plants

Zonificación de la Hoya del Río Suárez por propiedades físicas del suelo, para el cultivo de caña panelera

La degradación del suelo a nivel mundial ha venido empeorando y ahora es crítica (Scholes et al., 2018), poniendo en riesgo el bienestar de 3200 millones de personas (IPBES, 2018). El manejo no sostenible de las tierras de cultivo y pastoreo es el factor que más influencia tiene sobre la degradación del suelo. En Colombia la degradación del suelo por efecto de la erosión se ve intensificada por la topografía de alta montaña donde se establecen algunas explotaciones agrícolas (Manrique et al., 2000). Este es el caso del cultivo de caña panelera, que tiene su principal zona productora en el país, en la denominada Hoya del Río Suárez (HRS) (localizada en la cordillera oriental entre los departamentos de Boyacá y Santander) (Osorio, 2007). Esta región tiene las características de relieve antes mencionada, lo que unido a labores de labranza como corte y quema de rastrojo y arado con azadón que la hace propensa a la erosión (García et al., 2007). La identificación de zonas susceptibles a este problema es de gran importancia en aras de formular planes de manejo que lo mitiguen. De acuerdo con Scholes et al. (2018) implementar acciones para combatir la degradación del suelo puede transformar la vida de millones de personas. Este estudio se desarrolló con el objetivo de contribuir en la detección de zonas susceptibles a erosión en la HRS. Para ello se emplearon análisis geoestadísticos (Waller y Gotway, 2004) de cada una de las propiedades del suelo consideradas, de ejes factoriales (obtenidos a través de un análisis de componentes principales (Anderson, 2003)) y de un índice de erodabilidad (Ramírez et al., 2009). Se cubrió un área de 45.000 hectáreas. Específicamente fueron analizados datos registrados en 935 sitios distribuidos a lo largo de toda la zona de interés (CORPOICA, 2016). Los mapas generados indican que las áreas al sur de San Benito (en el departamento de Santander) y la parte oriental de los municipios de San José de Pare y Chitaraque (ambos en el departamento de Boyacá) son las más propensas a la erosión. Así mismo permiten establecer que las regiones más estables se encuentran en Santander hacia el sur de Chipatá y oriente de San Benito. En las zonas susceptibles a erosión (identificadas a través de los mapas construidos) deben proponerse estrategias para el manejo del suelo que permitan detener e incluso revertir su degradación y que hagan del cultivo de caña una práctica rentable y responsable con el ambiente.Soil degradation worldwide is increasing and is now critical (Scholes et al., 2018), putting at risk the welfare of 3.2 billion people (IPBES, 2018). The unsustainable management of farmland and grazing land is the most influential factor in soil degradation. In Colombia, soil degradation caused by erosion is intensified by the high mountain topography where some farms are established (Manrique et al., 2000). This is the case of the sugarcane crop, which has its main production area in the so called Hoya del Río Suárez (HRS) (located in the eastern ranges between the departments of Boyacá and Santander of Colombia) (Osorio, 2007). This region has the topography characteristics mentioned above, which together with tillage tasks such as cutting and burning of stubble and plowing with hoe makes it prone to erosion (García et al., 2007). The identification of susceptible zones with this problem is of great importance to formulate management plans that mitigate the problem. According to Scholes et al. (2018), implementing actions to combat soil degradation can transform the lives of millions of people. This study was developed with the aim of contributing to the detection of zones susceptibilities to erosion in the HRS. For this purpose, geostatistical analyses of each of the soil properties considered were used (Waller y Gotway, 2004), factorial axes (obtained through an analysis of principal components (Anderson, 2003)) and an index of erodability (Ramírez et al., 2009). An area of 45 hectares was covered. The data recorded in 935 sites distributed throughout the area of interest were analyzed (CORPOICA, 2016). The maps generated indicate that the areas south of San Benito (in the department of Santander) and the eastern part of the municipalities of San José de Pare and Chitaraque (both in the department of Boyacá) are the most prone to erosion. They also allow establishing that the most stable regions are located in Santander towards the south of Chipatá and east of San Benito. In susceptible zones to erosion (identified through built in maps), strategies for soil management should be put in place to stop and even reverse their degradation and make sugarcane crop a profitable and responsible practice with the environment.Maestrí

Draft genome sequence of the naphthalene degrader Herbaspirillum sp. strain RV1423

Les élastomères thermoplastiques sont des matériaux relativement nouveaux qui se caractérisent à la fois par une mise en oeuvre rapide analogue à celle des polymères thermoplastiques et par des propriétés intermédiaires entre celles des élastomères vulcanisés et des polymères thermoplastiques plastifiés. On passe en revue de façon succincte les principaux élastomères thermoplastiques commerciaux ou en développement. Pour chacun d'eux, on décrit brièvement la structure, les propriétés, la mise en oeuvre et les applications. Thermoplastic elastomers are relatively new materials that are characterized both by rapid implementation, similar to that of thermoplastic polymers, and by properties intermediate between those of vulcanized elastomers and plasticized thermoplastic polymers. This article makes a succinct review of the leading commercial thermoplastic elastomers or the ones being developed. For each of them, a brief description is given of the structure, properties, implementation and applications

First draft genome sequence of the Acidovorax caeni sp. nov. type strain R-24608 (DSM 19327)

We report the draft genome sequence of the Acidovorax caeni type strain R-24608 that was isolated from activated sludge of an aerobic-anaerobic wastewater treatment plant. The closest strain to Acidovorax caeni strain R-24608 is Acidovorax sp. strain MR-S7 with a 55.4% (amino-acid sequence) open reading frames (ORFs) average similarity

THE GEOLOGICAL MEMORY OF THE OLD PORTO ALEGRE DOWNTON: THE RECORD OF URBAN EVOLUTION IN THE HISTORICAL BUILDINGS AND IN THE CITY URBANISM

Uma parte importante da memória de uma cidade fica guardada em seu patrimônio arquitetônico, que descreve o passar do tempo através de sua evolução urbana e paisagística. Esta evolução pode ser observada através de obras como prédios públicos, monumentos, parques e praças. A passagem do Império para a República ainda mostra-se preservada no centro de Porto Alegre, capital do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, através de edificações e traços da paisagem urbana. O desenvolvimento da cidade e o modelamento do seu urbanismo estão intrinsecamente relacionados com o substrato rochoso da cidade. O relevo montanhoso associado às rochas graníticas condicionou a localização e o desenvolvimento do centro da cidade. Estes materiais rochosos foram utilizados para construir a realidade física da cidade. Aassociação das informações geológicas e arquitetônicas com a história estabelece uma visão diferenciada da conservação do patrimônio histórico e permite visualizar os traços do tempo naurbanização e no paisagismo de Porto Alegre. Este trabalho apresenta uma contribuição da geologia na preservação do patrimônio histórico e aprofunda o conhecimento sobre o espaço em que vivemos.An important part of the memory of a city remains in its architectonic patrimony that describes the time evolution through the urban environment and city scenery itself. This evolution can be observed through its main constructions such as public buildings, monuments, parks and squares. The transition of the Brazilian Empire to the Republic times still shows preserved in downtown of Porto Alegre, capital of Rio Grande do Sul State, with edifications and traces in the urban scenery. The development of the city and the modeling of the urbanism had been linked with the basement rocks of the city. The mountain landscape associated to the granitic rocks defined the localization and development of the center of the city; its rock materials were utilized to build the physical reality of the city. The association of the geological and architectonical information with the history establishes a differentiated vision of patrimony conservation and allows to view the marks of time in urbanism and scenery of Porto Alegre. This paper presents a geological contribution in history patrimony preservation and increases the knowledge about the space where we live

Uso de una herramienta de apoyo a la toma de decisiones para el manejo del tizón tardío Phythopthora infestans (Mont.) de Bary, en el cultivo de la papa (Solanum tuberosum L.)

The management of late blight (Phytophthora infestans) in the potato crop is a constraint for growers in Colombia, and it is important to seek alternatives for its control. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate a decision support system (DSS) for the management of the disease in three potato varieties. For this purpose, an experiment was established in the municipality of Mosquera, Cundinamarca (Colombia), with three treatments (DSS management [T1], positive control [T2] and negative control [T3]) in a crop cycle with three cultivars (cv Diacol Capiro, cv Ica Única and cv Suprema). Yield variables, late blight severity, area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) and its relative area (rAUDPC) were measured. The use of DSS (T1) resulted in yields comparable to those obtained with strictly chemical management (T2). There were statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) in the reduction of disease development with the use of the support tool (T1) in the varieties evaluated with respect to the controls. The implementation of the DSS is a useful tool for the integrated management of potato late blight and has potential for transfer to other staple crops.El manejo del tizón tardío o gota (Phytophthora infestans) en el cultivo de la papa es un limitante para los productores en Colombia, siendo importante buscar alternativas para su control. Por ello, el objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar un sistema de apoyo para la toma de decisiones (SAD) en el manejo de la enfermedad en tres cultivares de papa. Para esto se estableció un experimento en el municipio de Mosquera, Cundinamarca (Colombia), con tres tratamientos (Manejo SAD [T1], control positivo[T2] y control negativo [T3]) en un ciclo de cultivo con tres cultivares (Diacol Capiro, Ica Única y Suprema). Se midieron variables de rendimiento, severidad del tizón tardío, área bajo la curva de progreso de la enfermedad (AUDPC) y su área relativa (rAUDPC). El uso de SAD (T1), permitió cosechas similares a las del manejo químico (T2). Se presentaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas (p < 0.05) en la reducción del desarrollo de la enfermedad con el uso de la herramienta de apoyo (T1) en las cultivares evaluados respecto a los controles. La implementación del SAD es una herramienta útil para el manejo integrado del tizón tardío de la papa y tiene potencial de transferencia a otros cultivos básicos

Efectos del clima y su relación con el tizón tardío (Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) de Bary) en cultivo de papa (Solanum tuberosum L.)

Potato (Solanum tuberosum) is the fourth most important crop worldwide. The crop is affected by the climate variability, mainly in relation to diseases severity and pathogens survival, which is the case of late blight caused by Phytophthora infestans. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the climatic elements on late blight severity. The study was carried out in the municipality of Mosquera, Cundinamarca, Colombia, from December 2015 to May 2016. The potato varieties Diacol Capiro (DC), ICA-Unica (IU) and Pastusa Suprema (PS) were included in this study. Data of late blight severity together with data of precipitation (Pr), relative humidity (RH), temperature (T), wind speed (VV), solar brightness (BS) were recorded, and with these data the agroclimatic indices water index (IH), temperature degree day (GD) and evapotranspiration reference (ETo) were calculated. There was a significant positive correlation (p < 0.05) of late blight severity in the three varieties with IH (0–158 ± 58), precipitation (0–63 mm ± 23 mm) and minimum temperature (2-10 °C ± 2 °C), and significant negative correlation (p < 0.05) of P. infestans severity with BS (2–7.7 h day-1 ± 1.7 h day-1). The GD (0–4 °Cd ± 1 °Cd) presented a significant positive correlation with DC and PS, and also positive correlation with the mean temperature (11–15.3 °C ± 1.41 °C) with DC. The ETo (0.4–3.3mm day-1 ± 0.87mm day-1) and maximum temperature (19.9–23 °C ± 0.75 °C) were significantly and negatively correlated with DC and PS, and also between VV (5 .27–7.95 km h-1 ± 0.79 km h-1) with DC. It was concluded that climatic variables influenced late blight severity and P. infestans survival.La papa (Solanum tuberosum) es el cuarto cultivo de importancia en el mundo y es afectado por la variabilidad climática, principalmente en las epidemias de las enfermedades y supervivencia de patógenos, como el tizón tardío causado por Phytophthora infestans. El objetivo del trabajo fue evaluar el efecto de los elementos climáticos en la severidad del tizón tardío en el cultivo de papa. El estudio se realizó en el municipio de Mosquera, Cundinamarca, Colombia, entre diciembre del 2015 y mayo del 2016. Se evaluaron las variedades Diacol Capiro (DC), ICA-Única (IU) y Pastusa Suprema (PS), en las que se registró semanalmente la severidad del tizón tardío en conjunto con datos de precipitación (Pr), humedad relativa (HR), temperatura (T), velocidad del viento (VV), brillo solar (BS); datos con los que se calcularon los índices agroclimáticos: índice hídrico (IH), grados día (GD) y evapotranspiración de referencia (ETo). En este estudio se presentó correlación positiva significativa (p < 0,05) entre la severidad de tizón en las tres variedades, con el IH (0–158 ± 58), la precipitación (0–63 mm ± 23 mm) y la temperatura mínima (2-10 °C ± 2 °C), y correlación negativa significativa (p < 0,05) con el BS (2–7,7 h día-1 ±1,7 h día-1). Los GD (0–4 °Cd ± 1 °Cd) presentaron correlación positiva significativa con DC y PS, y también correlación positiva entre la temperatura media (11–15,3 °C ± 1,41 °C) con DC. La ETo (0,4–3,3 mm día-1 ± 0,87 mm día-1) y la temperatura máxima (19,9–23 °C ± 0,75 °C) se correlacionaron negativamente con DC y PS, y también entre la VV (5,27–7,95 km h-1 ± 0,79 km h-1) con DC. Se concluyó que las variables climáticas influyeron en la severidad y supervivencia de P. infestans en el cultivo de papa

Efecto del establecimiento de sistemas de rotación para el cultivo de la papa sobre las características químicas y físicas del suelo

Crop rotation implementation may change physical and chemical characteristics of the soil and has been recommended to improve soil quality. In Colombia, some producers implement different rotation systems in potato crops, and it is important to know the potential that they can bring to these production systems. The objective of this work was evaluating the physical and chemical characteristics of the soil after using crop rotation schemes. Three rotation systems were evaluated (1. potato-potato-oatmeal, 2. potato-oatmeal-pea, 3. potato-pea-potato) in lot 49 of research center Tibaitatá Agrosavia (Colombian Corporation of Agricultural Research), located in the municipality of Mosquera, department of Cundinamarca (Colombia). Soil samples were taken at the beginning and end of each evaluated rotation system, subsequently performing physical-chemical analysis in the laboratory. In the rotation systems, no statistically significant differences were observed (p > 0.05) in the physical properties studied, but the potato-oat-pea rotation system showed a higher pH (p < 0.05) compared to the other treatments evaluated. It is important to increase the availability of nutrients such as phosphorus, boron and zinc without altering the physical properties of the soil at the end of the rotation cycles, so they can be used in the development of potato plants subsequently planted.La implementación de rotación de cultivos puede modificar las características físicas y químicas de los suelos y ha sido recomendada para mejorar la calidad de este. En Colombia, algunos productores implementan diferentes sistemas de rotación en los cultivos de papa, siendo importante conocer el potencial que pueden aportar a estos sistemas productivos. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar las características físicas y químicas del suelo después de utilizar esquemas de rotación de cultivos. Se evaluaron tres sistemas de rotación (1. papa-papa-avena, 2. papa-avena-arveja, 3. papa-arveja-papa) en el lote 49 del Centro de Investigación Tibaitatá de Agrosavia (Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria), ubicado en el municipio de Mosquera, departamento de Cundinamarca (Colombia). Se tomaron muestras de suelo al inicio y final de cada sistema de rotación evaluado, realizando un análisis físico-químico en laboratorio. En los sistemas de rotación no se observaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas (p > 0,05) en las propiedades físicas estudiadas, pero el sistema de rotación papa, avena y arveja, presentó un pH mayor (p < 0,05) en comparación con los otros tratamientos evaluados. Se destaca el aumento de la disponibilidad de nutrientes, como el fósforo, el boro y el zinc sin alterar las propiedades físicas del suelo al final de los ciclos de rotación, para que puedan ser aprovechados en el desarrollo de las plantas de papa que se establezcan

Disnea de causa insospechada

Primary pericardial angiosarcoma is an extremely rare tumor associated with a very poor prognosis. This is a presentation of a case of a patient presenting with acute constitutional symptoms and dyspnea in whom a hemopericardium due to a pericardial tumor. The case evolved rapidly and ended fatally. The diagnosis of primary pericardial angiosarcoma was made in the autopsy.El angiosarcoma primario de pericardio es una patología extremadamente infrecuente, con muy mal pronóstico. Se presenta un paciente ingresado por un cuadro constitucional y disnea en el que se diagnostica un derrame pericárdico hemorrágico asociado a un tumor maligno de pericardio, y que termina falleciendo. La autopsia confirmó el diagnóstico de angiosarcoma de pericardio

Presence does not imply activity: DNA and RNA patterns differ in response to salt perturbation in anaerobic digestion

Background The microbial community in anaerobic digestion is mainly monitored by means of DNA-based methods. This may lead to incorrect interpretation of the community parameters, because microbial abundance does not necessarily reflect activity. In this research, the difference between microbial community response on DNA (total community) and RNA (active community) based on the 16S rRNA (gene) with respect to salt concentration and response time was evaluated. Results The application of higher NaCl concentrations resulted in a decrease in methane production. A stronger and faster response to salt concentration was observed on RNA level. This was reflected in terms of microbial community composition and organization, as richness, evenness, and overall diversity were differentially impacted. A higher divergence of community structure was observed on RNA level as well, indicating that total community composition depends on deterministic processes, while the active community is determined by stochastic processes. Methanosaeta was identified as the most abundant methanogen on DNA level, but its relative abundance decreased on RNA level, related to salt perturbation. Conclusions This research demonstrated the need for RNA-based community screening to obtain reliable information on actual community parameters and to identify key species that determine process stabilityThis research was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness and COMPLETE BELGIUM through REWATER project (EU ERANET NEWINDIGO—DST. PRI-PIMNIN-2011-1487). Jo De Vrieze is supported as postdoctoral fellow from the Research Foundation Flanders (FWO-Vlaanderen). Ruben Props is supported by Ghent University (BOFDOC2015000601) and the Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK CEN). Leticia Regueiro, Juan M. Lema, and Marta Carballa belong to CRETUS (AGRUP2015/02) and to the Galician Competitive Research Group (GRC 2013-032)S