Separation and online preconcentration by multistep stacking with large-volume injection of anabolic steroids by capillary electrokinetic chromatography using charged cyclodextrins and UV-absorption detection

The separation of three common anabolic steroids (methyltestosterone, methandrostenolone and testosterone) was performed for the first time by capillary EKC. Different charged CD derivatives and bile salts were tested as dispersed phases in order to achieve the separation. A mixture of 10 mmol/L succinylated-b-CD with 1 mmol/L bCD in a 50 mmol/L borate buffer (pH 9) enabled the separation of the three anabolic steroids in less than 9 min. Concentration LODs, obtained for these compounds with low absorption of UV light, were ~5610–5 mol/L. The use of online reverse migrating sample stacking with large-volume injection (the effective length of the capillary) enabled to improve the detection sensitivity. Sensitivity enhancement factors (SEFs) ranging from 95 (for testosterone) to 149 (for methyltestosterone) were achieved by single stacking preconcentration. Then, the possibilities of multistep stacking to improve the sensitivity for these analytes were investigated. SEFs obtained by double stacking preconcentration ranged from 138 to 185, enabling concentration LODs of 2.79610–7 mol/L (for methyltestosterone), 3.47610–7 mol/L (for testosterone) and 3.56610–7 mol/L (for methandrostenolone). Although online triple stacking preconcentration was achieved, its repeatability was very poor and SEFs for the studied analytes were not calculated

Large mass movements in relation to deglaciation in the Pyrenees

22 páginasPeer reviewe

Central Spanish Pyrenees: Glacial and periglacial landforms.

32 páginasPeer reviewe

Chemical and structural characterization of SeIV biotransformations by Stenotrophomonas bentonitica into Se0 nanostructures and volatiles Se species

Microorganisms such as Stenotrophomonas bentonitica could influence the safety of the deep geological repository system by producing nanoparticles and volatile compounds of selenium

Correlation Between Endoglin and Malignant Phenotype in Human Melanoma Cells: Analysis of hsa-mir-214 and hsa-mir-370 in Cells and Their Extracellular Vesicles.

Endoglin (CD105) is an auxiliary receptor of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β family members that is expressed in human melanomas. It is heterogeneously expressed by primary and metastatic melanoma cells, and endoglin targeting as a therapeutic strategy for melanoma tumors is currently been explored. However, its involvement in tumor development and malignancy is not fully understood. Here, we find that endoglin expression correlates with malignancy of primary melanomas and cultured melanoma cell lines. Next, we have analyzed the effect of ectopic endoglin expression on two miRNAs (hsa-mir-214 and hsa-mir-370), both involved in melanoma tumor progression and endoglin regulation. We show that compared with control cells, overexpression of endoglin in the WM-164 melanoma cell line induces; (i) a significant increase of hsa-mir-214 levels in small extracellular vesicles (EVs) as well as an increased trend in cells; and (ii) significantly lower levels of hsa-mir-370 in the EVs fractions, whereas no significant differences were found in cells. As hsa-mir-214 and hsa-mir-370 are not just involved in melanoma tumor progression, but they can also target endoglin-expressing endothelial cells in the tumor vasculature, these results suggest a complex and differential regulatory mechanism involving the intracellular and extracellular signaling of hsa-mir-214 and hsa-mir-370 in melanoma development and progression.S

143 PRINCIPAL COMPONENT CLUSTERING OF FRONTAL PLANE KNEE KINEMATICS

Replication forks stall at different DNA obstacles such as those originated by transcription. Fork stalling can lead to DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) that will be preferentially repaired by homologous recombination when the sister chromatid is available. The Rrm3 helicase is a replisome component that promotes replication upon fork stalling, accumulates at highly transcribed regions and prevents not only transcription-induced replication fork stalling but also transcription-associated hyper-recombination. This led us to explore the possible role of Rrm3 in the repair of DSBs when originating at the passage of the replication fork. Using a mini-HO system that induces mainly single-stranded DNA breaks, we show that rrm3Δ cells are defective in DSB repair. The defect is clearly seen in sister chromatid recombination, the major repair pathway of replication-born DSBs. Our results indicate that Rrm3 recruitment to replication-born DSBs is crucial for viability, uncovering a new role for Rrm3 in the repair of broken replication forks.This work was supported by grants from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Innovation (BFU2013-42918), the European Union (FEDER), the European Research Council (ERC2014 AdG669898 TARLOOP), and the Junta de Andalucía (BIO1238). SMG was funded by a predoctoral training fellowship from the Spanish National Research Council (CSIC) and BGG by a postdoctoral grant from the Scientific Foundation of the Spanish Association Against Cancer (AECC). Funding for open access charge: Grants from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Innovation (BFU2013-42918).Peer Reviewe

Effect of the AlAs capping layer thickness on the structure of InAs/GaAs QD

Recently, very thin AlAs capping layers (CLs) have been proposed as a useful tool to increase the performance of InAs/GaAs quantum dot (QDs) devices. However, the structure of QDs after AlAs deposition remains poorly understood and the mechanisms to explain it are often contradictory. In this work, the structural and compositional changes of InAs QDs using different AlAs CL thicknesses have been studied by state-of-the-art STEM-related techniques. First, the heights and In contents of InAs QDs progressively increase with the CL thickness, demonstrating that the AlAs capping produces a strong shielding effect against the decomposition of QDs. However, QD populations for CL thicknesses above 5 ML split into a bimodal distribution in which smaller lenticular QDs cohabit with bigger truncated pyramids. Second, the actual Al contents around the QDs are well below the nominal design, but increasing for thicker CLs. Its distribution is initially non-uniform, tending to accumulate on the flanks of the QDs to the detriment of the apex. Only for thicknesses above 2 ML the Al contents around the QDs start to be similar to those in the regions between the QDs, behaving as a continuous film without irregularities from 5 ML onwards. © 2021 The Author(s)The work has been co-financed by the Spanish National Research Agency (AEI projects MAT2016-77491-C2-2-R and PID2019-106088RB-C33), Regional Government of Andalusia (project FEDER-UCA18-108319) and the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF)

Residual stresses and microstructural evolution of ECAPed AA2017

The mechanical behavior and microstructural evolution of an AA2017 aluminum alloy processed by ECAP with an equivalent simple shear deformation of ∼6 at 200 °C were studied. Samples were characterized by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM-EDS- EBSD), image-assisted by focus ion beam (FIB), Vickers microhardness and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques. During the deformation process, the Al 2 Cu precipitates did not get fragmented or re-absorbed in the Al matrix. After the first ECAP pass, at least 50% of grains displayed an ultrafine size. The EBSD analysis showed an increment of the misorientation angle immediately after the first ECAP pass. The macrotexture evolution was explained in terms of the formation of f1: A 1θ ∗ , A θ , Ā θ , A 2θ ∗ , f2: C θ , B¯ θ , B θ , Ā θ , A θ , A 1θ ∗ and f3: C θ , B θ , B¯ θ , A θ , Ā θ , A 2θ ∗ fibers. The macro-residual stress measurements of the highly deformed samples showed linear sin 2 ψ profiles. The micro and macro-residual stresses were compatible with dislocation rearrangement, in which the annihilation and formation were in quasi-equilibrium. It was found that the highest microhardness value (1176 MPa) and grain refinement (at least 20% of grains showed a size smaller than 100 μm 2 ) appeared after the first extrusion pass. The decrease in hardness, after the second pass and the residual stress stability, could be associated to a dynamic recovery phenomenon

Situación actual y perspectivas de futuro de los productos lacteos vinculados a la raza Payoya

Los productos lácteos derivados de las cabras de raza Payoya, autóctona de suroeste andaluz, presentan potencialidades comerciales debido a sus características organolépticas y a otras características ligadas a su procedencia u origen y al sistema de manejo. En este estudio se analiza la situación actual de estos productos desde los puntos de vista estructural y comercial y se presentan algunos resultados empíricos que demuestran las preferencias de los consumidores andaluces por los quesos de esta raza caprina. Para la promoción de los productos, los ganaderos pueden establecer estrategias como la diferenciación de los productos en cuanto a la excelencia de calidad sensorial objetiva y la puesta en relieve de sus aspectos diferenciales intangibles

Sodium Intake from Foods Exceeds Recommended Limits in the Spanish Population: The ANIBES Study

Excessive sodium consumption is associated with adverse health effects. An elevated dietary intake of salt (sodium chloride) has been related to high blood pressure or hypertension, a major but modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease, as well as to other ill health conditions. In the present work, our aim was to describe the contribution of foods to sodium consumption within the Spanish population in a representative sample from the "anthropometric data, macronutrients and micronutrients intake, practice of physical activity, socioeconomic data and lifestyles in Spain" (ANIBES) study (9-75 years), to identify high consumer groups, as well as the major food groups that contribute to sodium intake in the Spanish diet. Intakes were assessed by 3-day food records collected on a tablet device. Sodium intakes across the ANIBES study population exceeded recommendations, as total intakes reached 2025 ± 805 mg of sodium per day, that is approximately 5.06 g/day of salt (excluding discretionary salt, added at the table or during cooking). Sodium intakes were higher in males than in females and within the youngest groups. Main dietary sources of sodium were meat and meat products (27%), cereals and grains (26%), milk and dairy products (14%) and ready-to-eat meals (13%). Given the established health benefits of dietary salt reduction, it would be advisable to continue and even improve the current national initiatives of awareness and educational campaigns and particularly food reformulation to decrease overall salt intakes across the Spanish population