Transformar para educar 5: ambientes de aprendizaje naturalmente críticos

Este quinto libro de la colección "Transformar para Educar''.-producto de las investigaciones de aula adelantadas por docentes de la Universidad del Norte, con el apoyo del Centro para la Excelencia Docente (CEDU), en el marco del programa Transformación de curso-, busca difundir innovaciones en la práctica pedagógica, con el fin de mejorar las experiencias educativas de los estudiantes con base en la implementación de ambientes de aprendizaje naturalmente críticos. Son críticos porque los estudiantes razonan con sus propios argumentos y naturales porque se da de manera espontánea. Contiene nueve capítulos que recopilan las experiencias realizadas por los docentes del área de introducción a la Ingeniería. Confiamos en que los hallazgos que aquí se presentan sean de interés para los lectores y puedan ser compartidos de manera amplia entre distintos públicos

The European Solar Telescope

The European Solar Telescope (EST) is a project aimed at studying the magnetic connectivity of the solar atmosphere, from the deep photosphere to the upper chromosphere. Its design combines the knowledge and expertise gathered by the European solar physics community during the construction and operation of state-of-the-art solar telescopes operating in visible and near-infrared wavelengths: the Swedish 1m Solar Telescope, the German Vacuum Tower Telescope and GREGOR, the French Télescope Héliographique pour l'Étude du Magnétisme et des Instabilités Solaires, and the Dutch Open Telescope. With its 4.2 m primary mirror and an open configuration, EST will become the most powerful European ground-based facility to study the Sun in the coming decades in the visible and near-infrared bands. EST uses the most innovative technological advances: the first adaptive secondary mirror ever used in a solar telescope, a complex multi-conjugate adaptive optics with deformable mirrors that form part of the optical design in a natural way, a polarimetrically compensated telescope design that eliminates the complex temporal variation and wavelength dependence of the telescope Mueller matrix, and an instrument suite containing several (etalon-based) tunable imaging spectropolarimeters and several integral field unit spectropolarimeters. This publication summarises some fundamental science questions that can be addressed with the telescope, together with a complete description of its major subsystems

Evolving trends in the management of acute appendicitis during COVID-19 waves. The ACIE appy II study

Background: In 2020, ACIE Appy study showed that COVID-19 pandemic heavily affected the management of patients with acute appendicitis (AA) worldwide, with an increased rate of non-operative management (NOM) strategies and a trend toward open surgery due to concern of virus transmission by laparoscopy and controversial recommendations on this issue. The aim of this study was to survey again the same group of surgeons to assess if any difference in management attitudes of AA had occurred in the later stages of the outbreak. Methods: From August 15 to September 30, 2021, an online questionnaire was sent to all 709 participants of the ACIE Appy study. The questionnaire included questions on personal protective equipment (PPE), local policies and screening for SARS-CoV-2 infection, NOM, surgical approach and disease presentations in 2021. The results were compared with the results from the previous study. Results: A total of 476 answers were collected (response rate 67.1%). Screening policies were significatively improved with most patients screened regardless of symptoms (89.5% vs. 37.4%) with PCR and antigenic test as the preferred test (74.1% vs. 26.3%). More patients tested positive before surgery and commercial systems were the preferred ones to filter smoke plumes during laparoscopy. Laparoscopic appendicectomy was the first option in the treatment of AA, with a declined use of NOM. Conclusion: Management of AA has improved in the last waves of pandemic. Increased evidence regarding SARS-COV-2 infection along with a timely healthcare systems response has been translated into tailored attitudes and a better care for patients with AA worldwide

Guía de práctica clínica para la prevención, diagnóstico, tratamiento y rehabilitación de la falla cardiaca en población mayor de 18 años, clasificación B, C y D

La falla cardíaca es un síndrome clínico caracterizado por síntomas y signos típicos de insuficiencia cardíaca, adicional a la evidencia objetiva de una anomalía estructural o funcional del corazón. Guía completa 2016. Guía No. 53Población mayor de 18 añosN/

The European Solar Telescope

The European Solar Telescope (EST) is a project aimed at studying the magnetic connectivity of the solar atmosphere, from the deep photosphere to the upper chromosphere. Its design combines the knowledge and expertise gathered by the European solar physics community during the construction and operation of state-of-the-art solar telescopes operating in visible and near-infrared wavelengths: the Swedish 1m Solar Telescope, the German Vacuum Tower Telescope and GREGOR, the French Télescope Héliographique pour l’Étude du Magnétisme et des Instabilités Solaires, and the Dutch Open Telescope. With its 4.2 m primary mirror and an open configuration, EST will become the most powerful European ground-based facility to study the Sun in the coming decades in the visible and near-infrared bands. EST uses the most innovative technological advances: the first adaptive secondary mirror ever used in a solar telescope, a complex multi-conjugate adaptive optics with deformable mirrors that form part of the optical design in a natural way, a polarimetrically compensated telescope design that eliminates the complex temporal variation and wavelength dependence of the telescope Mueller matrix, and an instrument suite containing several (etalon-based) tunable imaging spectropolarimeters and several integral field unit spectropolarimeters. This publication summarises some fundamental science questions that can be addressed with the telescope, together with a complete description of its major subsystems

Computer programm for the activation of switches in distribution networks

Los índices de calidad exigidos a los operadores de red se ven afectados por la duración de las fallas. Una reconfiguración de la red puede reponer el servicio sin necesidad de resolver la falla, mejorando así la calidad de la energía suministrada. En este proyecto se presentan los resultados del desarrollo y de la implementación de una herramienta informática para la reconfiguración de redes distribución. El objetivo de la reconfiguración es mantener el servicio en todos los nodos ante contingencias, respetando los límites de tensión y la cargabilidad de los elementos de la red. Este método brinda una configuración temporal mientras se soluciona la contingencia mediante la apertura y cierre de interruptores de la red, en esta herramienta no se tienen en cuenta las pérdidas por efecto Joule en la escogencia de la nueva configuración. La metodología para determinar que se cumplen las condiciones implica la implementación de un flujo de carga, debido a las características propias de las redes de distribución los métodos convencionales de flujo de carga, como Newton-Raphson, presentan problemas de convergencia, por esto se utiliza el método Forward Backward Sweep, este método está diseñado para sistemas de distribución. En la literatura se encuentra que los métodos de optimización más utilizados para hallar la mejor configuración son algoritmos genéticos y de la colonia de hormigas, para este trabajo se usaron algoritmos genéticos. Todo el desarrollo de la herramienta se hizo en el ambiente MATLAB. La herramienta se probó en los sistemas de prueba IEEE de 13 y 34 nodos, y en una microrred escalada basada en el sistema IEEE 13. Solo en la microrred se hicieron las pruebas en físico de reconfiguración. Se obtuvieron configuraciones en las cuales se cumplen las restricciones planteadas anteriormente, la ejecución de la herramienta tomó tiempos de computo menores a 2 minutos para el sistema IEEE 13.The quality indexes demanded to power utility companies are affected due to fault’s duration. A reconfiguration of the network could restore the service without repairing the fault, improving the quality of the supplied energy. In this project the results of the development and implementation of a computer program for distribution systems reconfiguration are presented. The purpose of the reconfiguration is to restore the service at all nodes when a fault is present, maintaining the voltage limits and the capacity of the elements. This method provides a temporarily configuration while the fault is repaired by activating some switches in the network, the losses due to Joule effect are not considered for the reconfiguration. To determine if a reconfiguration is acceptable a power flow computation is required, due to the characteristics of the distribution systems, conventional methods, such as Newton-Raphson, have convergence problems, for this reason the Forward-Backward Sweep method, which is designed for distribution systems, is used. In the literature the two most used optimization methods for reconfiguration are genetic algorithms and ant colony optimization, in this work genetic algorithms are used. All the development of the program was made in MATLAB. The program was tested with the IEEE 13 and 34 Nodes test feeders and with a microgrid based on the IEEE 13 nodes test feeder. Only with the microgrid were physical tests performed. Reconfigurations that meet the previous requirements were obtained, the execution time was less than two minutes for the IEEE 13 nodes test feeder

I simposio Internacional sobre Investigación en la enseñanza de las ciencias

Edición 202