Quality control of the breast ca treatments on HDR brachytherapy with TLD-100

An anthropomorphic Phantom, a female trunk, was built with a natural bone structure and experimental material coated, glycerin and waterbased material called JJT to build soft tissue equivalent to the muscle of human tissue, and a polymer (styrofoam) to build the lung as critical organ to simulate the treatment of breast cancer, with high dose rate brachytherapy (HDR) and sources of Ir-192. The treatments were planned and calculated for the critical organ: Lung, and injury of 2 cm in diameter in breast with MicroSelectron HDR system and the software Plato Brachytherapy V 14.1 of the Nucletron (Netherlands) which uses the standard protocol of radiotherapy for brachytherapy treatments. The dose experimentally measured with dosimeters TLD-100 LIF: Mg; Ti, which were previously calibrated, were placed in the same positions and bodies mentioned above, with less than 5% uncertainty. The reading dosimeters was carried out in a Harshaw TLD 4500.The results obtained for calculated treatments, using the standard simulator, and the experimental with TLD-100, show a high concordance, as they are on average a § 1.1% making process becomes in a quality control of this type of treatments

Internship at saber pro at the University of Cordoba

This internship was carried out at University of Córdoba in the program of Saber Pro. The purpose of this internship is to strengthen students' abilities to answer questions related to communicative competence in English from the Saber Pro test. Furthermore, the internship helped me to get experience of teaching English with university students and improve my English skills. During this experience teaching people of my age or older, I realized the importance of choosing an accurate methodology. I worked with last semester students from Different careers at University of Córdoba, I was assigned 3 groups per month from different careers, they were around 20 to 45 students per group. Besides, I took it as an opportunity to motivate non-English learners to learn English and show them how important it is to know another language. In this way, making use of new strategies and using technology, they could see English as something interesting and not as they have always considered it a compulsory and boring subject.Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5Chapter 1: Pedagogies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7Chapter 2: Methodology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12Chapter 3: Results and gains. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20Chapter 4: Conclusions, recommendations and limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27Appendices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29PregradoLicenciado(a) en Educación Básica con Énfasis en Humanidades-InglésMonografí

TEACHING PRACTICUM

Pregrad

Development of molecular markers for the Eucalyptus species identification

Uno de los principales problemas que enfrentan los programas de mejoramiento genético en eucaliptos es la dificultad para identificar las especies e híbridos. El objetivo de este estudio fue encontrar marcadores moleculares asociados a cinco especies de Eucalyptus (E. saligna, E. tereticornis, E. urophylla, E. grandis and E. brassiana), mediante marcadores AFLP (Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism) y BSA (Bulk Segregant Analysis), para su uso en programas de mejoramiento genético en Brasil. En 33 combinaciones de cebadores, se obtuvo un total de 868 fragmentos polimórficos, que representan un 91,65% del polimorfismo. Las mejores combinaciones que muestran potenciales marcadores para la identificación de especies, fueron encontradas en los cebadores M+GGT/E+ACC, que estuvo un 70% de los individuos asociados a la especie E. urophylla. Sin embargo, la combinación de cebadores compuesta de M+GGA/E+ACC identificó el 60% de individuos en la especie E. saligna; la combinación de los cebadores M+GTC/E +AAC, confirmó dos marcas, una en 60% y la otra en 50% para la identificación de individuos de la especie E. grandis. El tratamiento compuesto por los cebadores M+GGC/E+AAA, confirmó un 30% de los individuos perteneciente a la especie E. brassiana, siendo igual para la combinación de cebadores M+GGC/E+ACC, identificando el 30% de los individuos de la especie E. tereticornis. El análisis AFLP en asocio a BSA proporcionan una herramienta rápida para la identificación de cultivares en Eucalyptus, a la vez de que puede ser usados en los programas de mejoramiento genético forestal

A topic-based-functional syllabus proposal to promote students’ conversation through outdoor games

When it comes to designing a syllabus, English teachers endeavour to seek for the most suitable strategies, techniques and approaches that help to meet students’ needs and make language learning a relevant experience to their learners. Games, for instance, are a clear sample of that search since a great number of studies has shown how games may act as a trigger to promote interaction and language practice in EFL. On the other hand, conversation activities are necessary by many teachers and students in the English classes; however, lessons planned on grammar and vocabulary prevail more often than activities in which students hold conversations. In view of this, the present study aimed to propose a topic-based-functional syllabus using outdoor games to promote students’ conversation established in the CEFR (2018), companion volume. To conduct this study, a questionnaire, semi-structured interviews, and observations were selected to gather the data. After analyzing the information gathered, we determined and explained in depth the aspects needed to design a topic-based-functional syllabus for promoting learners’ conversations in 8th grade.1. Introduction .............................................................................................................. 12. Theoretical Framework ............................................................................................ 52.1 Conceptual Framework ............................................................................................. 52.2 Literature Review ................................................................................................... 133. Methodology ............................................................................................................... 183.1 Type of Study ......................................................................................................... 183.2 Context and Participants ......................................................................................... 193.3 Data collection Procedures ..................................................................................... 193.4 Data Analysis ......................................................................................................... 214. Findings ...................................................................................................................... 224.1 Needs Analysis ....................................................................................................... 224.2 Approach to Syllabus Design .................................................................................. 354.3 Methodology of the Syllabus .................................................................................. 354.4 Implementation of the Syllabus .............................................................................. 384.5 The Structure of the Syllabus .................................................................................. 394.6 The CEFR and the Bilingualism Programs .............................................................. 414.7 Assessment ............................................................................................................. 425. Discussion ................................................................................................................... 486. Conclusions ................................................................................................................. 527. References ................................................................................................................... 548. Appendixes ................................................................................................................. 59Cuando se trata de diseñar un syllabus, los maestros de inglés se esfuerzan por buscar las estrategias, técnicas y enfoques más adecuados que ayuden a satisfacer las necesidades de los estudiantes y hacer del aprendizaje de idiomas una experiencia relevante para sus alumnos. Los juegos, por ejemplo, son una muestra clara de esa búsqueda, ya que una gran cantidad de estudios han demostrado cómo los juegos pueden actuar como un desencadenante para promover la interacción y la práctica del lenguaje. Por otro lado, muchos profesores y estudiantes consideran que las actividades de conversación son necesarias en las clases de inglés, sin embargo, hay más clases planeadas en gramática y vocabulario que en actividades en donde los estudiantes mantengan conversaciones. En vista de esto, el presente estudio tuvo como objetivo proponer un topic-based-functional syllabus utilizando juegos al aire libre para promover las actividades de conversación en los estudiantes como se establece en el Marco Común Europeo de Referencia, (2018), tomo complementario. Para realizar este estudio, se seleccionó un cuestionario, entrevistas semiestructuradas y observaciones para recolectar los datos. Después de analizar la información recopilada, determinamos y explicamos en profundidad los aspectos necesarios para diseñar un topic-based-functional syllabus para fomentar la conversación de los alumnos en el grado octavo.PregradoLicenciado(a) en Lenguas Extranjeras con Énfasis en Inglé

Internship at “el recuerdo” child development center under the program my first steps from university of cordoba.

Cordoba “My first steps” in the modality of the internship has allowed trainee teachers to explore a real-life context working with young children from a vulnerable area in Monteria Cordoba, with the purpose of applying different strategies and practices that will help children in this program to get an initial encounter with the target language. Due to the difficulties of the current year and the inability of providing the face to face classes, the internship in the first semester 2020 has suffered some changes, and in order to continue the project, it was established to work in the designing of a unit plan and several lesson plans following some approaches that will be beneficial to this population of students. The objective of this paper is to describe my experience in this internship; designing some lesson plans for students at such a young age, as well as describing the activities carried out during the whole process of the internship. Following the designing of the lesson plans, this final report deals with the implementation of a play-based approach and the advantages of working with this one taking into account the children’s context and needs.Introduction .................................................................................................................................................................1Pedagogies & strategies .................................................................................................................................4Project-Based Learning (pbl) ..................................................................................................................................... 4Play-based learning & pedagogy ............................................................................................................................. 6Modeled play or guided play ......................................................................................................................... 8Proposully framed play or adult-initiated activity or play ........................................................... 9Methodology .............................................................................................................................................................. 10Experience ..................................................................................................................................................................... 14Conclusions & limitations ......................................................................................................................... 20References ...................................................................................................................................................................... 23Appendix ............................................................................................................................................................................. 26ArticlePregradoLicenciado(a) en Lenguas Extranjeras con Énfasis en Inglé

Epidemiology of visceral leishmaniasis in children under five years in the municipality of San Andres de Sotavento, Córdoba (Colombia), 2012

Abstract: Objective: To determine the casuistry of visceral leishmaniasis in children under five years old from the municipality of San Andres de Sotavento in the department of Cordoba, Colombia. In particular, to relate the cases registered with the variables of age, sex, race, origin, physical status, treatment, hematologic evaluations and predisposing causes for presentation. Materials and methods: This was a descriptive, retrospective study. The analysis unit corresponded to the archives of the Secretariat of Health of Cordoba, which recorded a population of 278 medical records of patients with leishmaniasis in the study area. The sample consisted of 70 medical records of childrens under five years old with visceral leishmaniasis. The data collection was achieved through the use of chips adapted to the objectives of the study. Results: The study highlights the increased commitment to the group of 12 years, with 45.71% of the cases, 55.75% of predominance of males, and 94.29% of significance of the Indian race. The body condition of infected infants as a whole was assessed as fair and poor. The origin of children was related to the communities of Cerro Los Vidales, Tuchín, Guayacan, El Contento, Las Gardenias and Los Castillos. The evaluation of the treatment administered showed great desertion (85.71%) in the completion of the cycles. Hematic evaluations showed hematocrit, hemoglobin and platelet decreased, and increasing of the speed of sedimentation. The observations of the white cell count showed non normal white blood cell count greater than 80% for leukocytes, neutrophils and lymphocytes with moderate to monocytes, and minimum to basophils and eosinophils counts. Predisposing conditions for the presentation of visceral leishmaniasis were interesting, reported by the children responsible for a history of visceral leishmaniasis in the villages (71.4%), and family history (60.0%). The keeping of dogs as epidemiological risk factor is evidenced by the coexistence with the same (77.1%) in the home and report cases of the disease in the animal species. Conclusion: Leishmaniasis is considered a reemerging disease, and a growing public health problem worldwide, due to increased number of people affected as a result of increased exposure of humans to disease vectors

Educational Institution Stephen Hawking: designing a syllabus that fulfills 21st-century skills in young learners

With the intention of determining the characteristics of a syllabus that will develop the skills of the 21st century in the children of the municipality of Cienaga de Oro, a need analysis has been carried out from the responses given by parents, teachers and prospective students to the surveys and focus groups carried out, as well as the documentary review of documents created by the Ministry of Education. On the one hand, it was found that children have a fervent desire to learn English to improve their future professional possibilities and that they want what they will learn to be related to these aspirations. On the other hand, teaching methods involve communication technologies, since with it, they find access to a number of tools that are not found within a conventional class area and that, despite having English classes in their educational institutions, have deficiencies in Basic English skills such as speaking, listening and writing. With this situational and skill based syllabus, it is expected that the Stephen Hawking Institute can contribute to the improvement of the teaching of English in the municipality of Cienaga de Oro.Acknowledgements_____________________ viAbstract_____________________ viiSection 1: Introduction______________________ 12.1. Conceptual Framework_________________ 32.2. Literature review____________________12Section 3:Methodology____________________ 153.1. Type of study_______________________153.2. Context and participants____________________163.3. Data Collection Technique___________________ 173.4. Data analysis____________________ 21Section 4: Findings_______________________324.1. Stephen Hawking Institute: syllabus__________________ 324.2 How the syllabus works?_____________________ 37Section 5: Discussion____________________39Section 6: Conclusions_________________41References________________________ 43List of Appendices_______________________ 47PregradoLicenciado(a) en Lenguas Extranjeras con Énfasis en InglésMonografí