De Diderot en Rodolf Sirera: sur les traces du jeu

557 p.Esta tesis se propone analizar desde una perspectiva comparatista el texto teórico de Denis Diderot, Paradoxe sur le comédien (finalizado en 1777, publicado en 1830) y la obra de teatro del español Rodolf Sirera El verí del teatre (1978). Ambos autores pretenden renovar el panorama teatral de su época y, en el caso de Denis Diderot, esta propuesta se alimenta de sus ideas estéticas y filosóficas (materialismo, sensibilidad, modelo ideal, pantomima). El fructuoso debate sobre la interpretación del actor que inspira Paradoxe sur le comédien se materializa en la obra de Rodolf Sirera, que diluye la frontera entre realidad y ficción al mismo tiempo que problematiza la relación entre el actor, el personaje y el papel. Estas fisuras evidentes en El verí del teatre evidencian su filiación con un segundo hipotexto: la obra de teatro británica Sleuth de Anthony Shaffer (1970). La transgresión de las normas conlleva la violación de los límites éticos, lo que acentúa el carácter siniestro y grotesco de estas obras. La interacción entre la vida y la ficción conduce a una reflexión sobre la función ética del teatro en la sociedad, proyecto que traduce la visión utópica de la escena compartida por Denis Diderot y Rodolf Sirera, entendida como bien público y lugar de educación ciudadana. Por último, las numerosas adaptaciones de la obra de Diderot establecen un diálogo contante y lúdico entre las literaturas europeas que se desarrolla con las traducciones y, sobre todo, con la creciente transmedialidad propia de la era digital. Estas recreaciones conforman una red transcultural de la obra de Diderot y se nos presentan como un juego, con toda la polisemia del término: conflicto entre realidad y ficción, calidad interpretativa del actor o recreación y reescritura

Le théâtre basque contemporain comme vecteur d’identité

La production dramatique en Euskadi est imprégnée de symboles qui mettent en évidence la particularité de l’identité basque. La poésie engagée du début du xxe siècle (Lauaxeta, Lizardi, Aresti, Blas de Otero) est à l’origine de la plupart de ces images et motifs, mais de nombreuses idées appartiennent plutôt à l’idéologie nationaliste basque. À partir de celle-ci, nous pouvons établir un parallélisme entre l’évolution politique des nationalistes et les tendances de la scène basque. C’est ainsi que la culture locale, très enracinée dans ses paysages et ses traditions et qui caractérisait le premier Nouveau théâtre basque, accueille progressivement des influences extérieures. Or, ce contact n’implique point l’écroulement de l’essence de l’identité basque. Au contraire, il permet d’explorer les éléments communs à d’autres cultures.La producción dramática de Euskadi está impregnada de símbolos que resaltan la particularidad de la identidad vasca. La mayoría de estas imágenes y motivos tienen su origen en la poesía comprometida de principios del siglo XX (Lauaxeta, Lizardi, Aresti, Blas de Otero), pero numerosas ideas pertenecen al ideario nacionalista vasco. A partir de este último elemento, podemos constatar cómo la evolución política e ideológica de los nacionalistas encuentra su reflejo en los escenarios vascos. Así, la cultura local que caracterizaba el primer Nuevo Teatro Vasco, profundamente enraizada en sus paisajes y tradiciones, va adoptando influencias externas. Ahora bien, este contacto no termina en ningún caso de diluir la esencia de la identidad vasca, sino que explora los elementos en común con otras culturas

De Diderot en Rodolf Sirera: sur les traces du jeu

557 p.Esta tesis se propone analizar desde una perspectiva comparatista el texto teórico de Denis Diderot, Paradoxe sur le comédien (finalizado en 1777, publicado en 1830) y la obra de teatro del español Rodolf Sirera El verí del teatre (1978). Ambos autores pretenden renovar el panorama teatral de su época y, en el caso de Denis Diderot, esta propuesta se alimenta de sus ideas estéticas y filosóficas (materialismo, sensibilidad, modelo ideal, pantomima). El fructuoso debate sobre la interpretación del actor que inspira Paradoxe sur le comédien se materializa en la obra de Rodolf Sirera, que diluye la frontera entre realidad y ficción al mismo tiempo que problematiza la relación entre el actor, el personaje y el papel. Estas fisuras evidentes en El verí del teatre evidencian su filiación con un segundo hipotexto: la obra de teatro británica Sleuth de Anthony Shaffer (1970). La transgresión de las normas conlleva la violación de los límites éticos, lo que acentúa el carácter siniestro y grotesco de estas obras. La interacción entre la vida y la ficción conduce a una reflexión sobre la función ética del teatro en la sociedad, proyecto que traduce la visión utópica de la escena compartida por Denis Diderot y Rodolf Sirera, entendida como bien público y lugar de educación ciudadana. Por último, las numerosas adaptaciones de la obra de Diderot establecen un diálogo contante y lúdico entre las literaturas europeas que se desarrolla con las traducciones y, sobre todo, con la creciente transmedialidad propia de la era digital. Estas recreaciones conforman una red transcultural de la obra de Diderot y se nos presentan como un juego, con toda la polisemia del término: conflicto entre realidad y ficción, calidad interpretativa del actor o recreación y reescritura

Estudio del contenido en proteína en diferentes accesiones de caupí bajo distintas condiciones de cultivo

[ESP] Con el fin de recuperar variedades autóctonas españolas y portuguesas de caupí, se evaluaron 19 accesiones en dos ensayos comparando su contenido de proteína en semilla. En el primer ensayo se evaluaron 16 accesiones autóctonas españolas frente a una variedad mejorada de Nigeria (IT97K-499-35). En el siguiente ensayo dos accesiones autóctonas portuguesas se sometieron a tres tipos de manejo de cultivo: monocultivo, rotación convencional y rotación ecológica. Los resultados indican que entre las distintas accesiones hay diferencias significativas en la cantidad de proteína, pero que los tres tipos de manejo de cultivo no influyeron en esta. [ENG] In order to recover local Spanish and Portuguese varieties of cowpea, 19 accessions were evaluated in two trials comparing their seed protein content. In the first survey, 16 Spanish accessions versus one improved from Nigeria (IT97K-499-35) were analysed. In the next trial, we used two Portuguese accessions under three growth conditions: monoculture, conventional rotation and organic rotation. The results indicate that there are significant differences in the protein content of the different accessions, but the growth conditions didn’t affect that.Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería de Telecomunicación (ETSIT), Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica (ETSIA), Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Industrial (ETSII), Escuela Técnica Superior de Arquitectura y Edificación (ETSAE), Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería de Caminos, Canales y Puertos y de Ingeniería de Minas (ETSICCPIM), Facultad de Ciencias de la Empresa (FCCE), Parque Tecnológico de Fuente Álamo (PTFA), Vicerrectorado de Estudiantes y Extensión de la UPCT, Vicerrectorado de Investigación e Innovación de la UPCT, y Vicerrectorado de Internacionalización y Cooperación al Desarrollo de la UPCT

Macrophages direct cancer cells through a LOXL2-mediated metastatic cascade in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma

[Objective]: The lysyl oxidase-like protein 2 (LOXL2) contributes to tumour progression and metastasis in different tumour entities, but its role in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has not been evaluated in immunocompetent in vivo PDAC models.[Design]: Towards this end, we used PDAC patient data sets, patient-derived xenograft in vivo and in vitro models, and four conditional genetically-engineered mouse models (GEMMS) to dissect the role of LOXL2 in PDAC. For GEMM-based studies, K-Ras +/LSL-G12D;Trp53 LSL-R172H;Pdx1-Cre mice (KPC) and the K-Ras +/LSL-G12D;Pdx1-Cre mice (KC) were crossed with Loxl2 allele floxed mice (Loxl2Exon2 fl/fl) or conditional Loxl2 overexpressing mice (R26Loxl2 KI/KI) to generate KPCL2KO or KCL2KO and KPCL2KI or KCL2KI mice, which were used to study overall survival; tumour incidence, burden and differentiation; metastases; epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT); stemness and extracellular collagen matrix (ECM) organisation.[Results]: Using these PDAC mouse models, we show that while Loxl2 ablation had little effect on primary tumour development and growth, its loss significantly decreased metastasis and increased overall survival. We attribute this effect to non-cell autonomous factors, primarily ECM remodelling. Loxl2 overexpression, on the other hand, promoted primary and metastatic tumour growth and decreased overall survival, which could be linked to increased EMT and stemness. We also identified tumour-associated macrophage-secreted oncostatin M (OSM) as an inducer of LOXL2 expression, and show that targeting macrophages in vivo affects Osm and Loxl2 expression and collagen fibre alignment.[Conclusion]: Taken together, our findings establish novel pathophysiological roles and functions for LOXL2 in PDAC, which could be potentially exploited to treat metastatic disease.JCL-G received support from a 'la Caixa' Foundation (ID 100010434) fellowship (LCF/BQ/DR21/11880011). This study was supported by ISCIII FIS grants PI18/00757 and PI21/01110 (BSJ) and PI18/00267 (LG-B), and grants from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Innovation SAF2016-76504-R (ACan and FP), PID2019-111052RB-I00 (FP), PID2019-104644RB-I00 (GM-B), a Ramón y Cajal Merit Award RYC-2012–12104 (BSJ) and ISCIII, CIBERONC, CB16/12/00446 (ACar) and CB16/12/00295 (ACan and GM-B), all of them co-financed through Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER) 'Una manera de hacer Europa'; a Fero Foundation Grant (BSJ); a Coordinated grant (GC16173694BARB) from the Fundación Científica Asociación Española Contra el Cáncer (FC-AECC) (BSJ); a Miguel Servet award (CP16/00121) (PS); a DFG, German Research Foundation Grant—Project no: 492 436 553 (KG); and a Max Eder Fellowship of the German Cancer Aid (111746) (PCH

Management of acute diverticulitis with pericolic free gas (ADIFAS). an international multicenter observational study

Background: There are no specific recommendations regarding the optimal management of this group of patients. The World Society of Emergency Surgery suggested a nonoperative strategy with antibiotic therapy, but this was a weak recommendation. This study aims to identify the optimal management of patients with acute diverticulitis (AD) presenting with pericolic free air with or without pericolic fluid. Methods: A multicenter, prospective, international study of patients diagnosed with AD and pericolic-free air with or without pericolic free fluid at a computed tomography (CT) scan between May 2020 and June 2021 was included. Patients were excluded if they had intra-abdominal distant free air, an abscess, generalized peritonitis, or less than a 1-year follow-up. The primary outcome was the rate of failure of nonoperative management within the index admission. Secondary outcomes included the rate of failure of nonoperative management within the first year and risk factors for failure. Results: A total of 810 patients were recruited across 69 European and South American centers; 744 patients (92%) were treated nonoperatively, and 66 (8%) underwent immediate surgery. Baseline characteristics were similar between groups. Hinchey II-IV on diagnostic imaging was the only independent risk factor for surgical intervention during index admission (odds ratios: 12.5, 95% CI: 2.4-64, P =0.003). Among patients treated nonoperatively, at index admission, 697 (94%) patients were discharged without any complications, 35 (4.7%) required emergency surgery, and 12 (1.6%) percutaneous drainage. Free pericolic fluid on CT scan was associated with a higher risk of failure of nonoperative management (odds ratios: 4.9, 95% CI: 1.2-19.9, P =0.023), with 88% of success compared to 96% without free fluid ( P <0.001). The rate of treatment failure with nonoperative management during the first year of follow-up was 16.5%. Conclusion: Patients with AD presenting with pericolic free gas can be successfully managed nonoperatively in the vast majority of cases. Patients with both free pericolic gas and free pericolic fluid on a CT scan are at a higher risk of failing nonoperative management and require closer observation

Albiglutide and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease (Harmony Outcomes): a double-blind, randomised placebo-controlled trial

Background: Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists differ in chemical structure, duration of action, and in their effects on clinical outcomes. The cardiovascular effects of once-weekly albiglutide in type 2 diabetes are unknown. We aimed to determine the safety and efficacy of albiglutide in preventing cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, or stroke. Methods: We did a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial in 610 sites across 28 countries. We randomly assigned patients aged 40 years and older with type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease (at a 1:1 ratio) to groups that either received a subcutaneous injection of albiglutide (30–50 mg, based on glycaemic response and tolerability) or of a matched volume of placebo once a week, in addition to their standard care. Investigators used an interactive voice or web response system to obtain treatment assignment, and patients and all study investigators were masked to their treatment allocation. We hypothesised that albiglutide would be non-inferior to placebo for the primary outcome of the first occurrence of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, or stroke, which was assessed in the intention-to-treat population. If non-inferiority was confirmed by an upper limit of the 95% CI for a hazard ratio of less than 1·30, closed testing for superiority was prespecified. This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT02465515. Findings: Patients were screened between July 1, 2015, and Nov 24, 2016. 10 793 patients were screened and 9463 participants were enrolled and randomly assigned to groups: 4731 patients were assigned to receive albiglutide and 4732 patients to receive placebo. On Nov 8, 2017, it was determined that 611 primary endpoints and a median follow-up of at least 1·5 years had accrued, and participants returned for a final visit and discontinuation from study treatment; the last patient visit was on March 12, 2018. These 9463 patients, the intention-to-treat population, were evaluated for a median duration of 1·6 years and were assessed for the primary outcome. The primary composite outcome occurred in 338 (7%) of 4731 patients at an incidence rate of 4·6 events per 100 person-years in the albiglutide group and in 428 (9%) of 4732 patients at an incidence rate of 5·9 events per 100 person-years in the placebo group (hazard ratio 0·78, 95% CI 0·68–0·90), which indicated that albiglutide was superior to placebo (p<0·0001 for non-inferiority; p=0·0006 for superiority). The incidence of acute pancreatitis (ten patients in the albiglutide group and seven patients in the placebo group), pancreatic cancer (six patients in the albiglutide group and five patients in the placebo group), medullary thyroid carcinoma (zero patients in both groups), and other serious adverse events did not differ between the two groups. There were three (<1%) deaths in the placebo group that were assessed by investigators, who were masked to study drug assignment, to be treatment-related and two (<1%) deaths in the albiglutide group. Interpretation: In patients with type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease, albiglutide was superior to placebo with respect to major adverse cardiovascular events. Evidence-based glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists should therefore be considered as part of a comprehensive strategy to reduce the risk of cardiovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes. Funding: GlaxoSmithKline

TRY plant trait database – enhanced coverage and open access

Plant traits - the morphological, anatomical, physiological, biochemical and phenological characteristics of plants - determine how plants respond to environmental factors, affect other trophic levels, and influence ecosystem properties and their benefits and detriments to people. Plant trait data thus represent the basis for a vast area of research spanning from evolutionary biology, community and functional ecology, to biodiversity conservation, ecosystem and landscape management, restoration, biogeography and earth system modelling. Since its foundation in 2007, the TRY database of plant traits has grown continuously. It now provides unprecedented data coverage under an open access data policy and is the main plant trait database used by the research community worldwide. Increasingly, the TRY database also supports new frontiers of trait‐based plant research, including the identification of data gaps and the subsequent mobilization or measurement of new data. To support this development, in this article we evaluate the extent of the trait data compiled in TRY and analyse emerging patterns of data coverage and representativeness. Best species coverage is achieved for categorical traits - almost complete coverage for ‘plant growth form’. However, most traits relevant for ecology and vegetation modelling are characterized by continuous intraspecific variation and trait–environmental relationships. These traits have to be measured on individual plants in their respective environment. Despite unprecedented data coverage, we observe a humbling lack of completeness and representativeness of these continuous traits in many aspects. We, therefore, conclude that reducing data gaps and biases in the TRY database remains a key challenge and requires a coordinated approach to data mobilization and trait measurements. This can only be achieved in collaboration with other initiatives