Salutogenic interventions and health effects : a scoping review of the literature

Objective To explore the typology of implemented salutogenic interventions and the health effects described by the authors. Method A scoping review of the literature published (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and Scopus) over the last ten years (2007-2016) was conducted. Articles that included interventions with assessments of health outcomes were selected for this review. The kappa index (86.4%) was calculated for the classification and extraction of information. Results 61 papers were selected out of the 676 works identified. These were categorized into individual, grouped, mixed and intersectoral interventions. A total of 85% of the interventions described positive effects. Adverse effects were not reported. Methodological limitations were identified in 75% of the papers. The interventions addressed a large variety of topics, especially in the field of mental health and chronic diseases. Collective actions described more positive effects. Intersectoral actions were the only type of interventions to have approached the impact of mortality reduction. Conclusions Findings support the existence of positive health effects of salutogenic approaches. Important methodological limitations were identified, such as biases in the selection of participants and sample sizes. Studies need to be conducted with improved monitoring and evaluation designs. A more robust theoretical framework and tools to evaluate the salutogenic contents are needed

Comprehensive evaluation of maternal death in Mendoza 2003-2013: causes, contexts and implications for health policy

La Muerte Materna (MM) es considerada uno de los indicadores clave para evaluar el nivel de equidad y desarrollo humano. Tiene implicancias individuales como es la pérdida de una mujer joven y sana, sociales relacionadas a pérdida de la mujer – madre como activo social y aquellas que hacen al desarrollo temprano de los niños que sobreviven a la tragedia. La tendencia de la Razón de Mortalidad Materna (RMM) para el año 2015 en Argentina, es 3,3 veces superior a la meta comprometida y Mendoza se encuentra por encima de la media nacional. La MM como problema de salud pública y su descripción tienen significancia para la Provincia de Mendoza y su política de salud

Summability of the perturbative expansion for a zero-dimensional disordered spin model

We show analytically that the perturbative expansion for the free energy of the zero dimensional (quenched) disordered Ising model is Borel-summable in a certain range of parameters, provided that the summation is carried out in two steps: first, in the strength of the original coupling of the Ising model and subsequently in the variance of the quenched disorder. This result is illustrated by some high-precision calculations of the free energy obtained by a straightforward numerical implementation of our sequential summation method.Comment: LaTeX, 12 pages and 4 figure

Temperature dependence of the anomalous effective action of fermions in two and four dimensions

The temperature dependence of the anomalous sector of the effective action of fermions coupled to external gauge and pseudo-scalar fields is computed at leading order in an expansion in the number of Lorentz indices in two and four dimensions. The calculation preserves chiral symmetry and confirms that a temperature dependence is compatible with axial anomaly saturation. The result checks soft-pions theorems at zero temperature as well as recent results in the literature for the pionic decay amplitude into static photons in the chirally symmetric phase. The case of chiral fermions is also considered.Comment: RevTex, 19 pages, no figures. References adde

Ma-Pi 2 macrobiotic diet and type 2 diabetes mellitus: pooled analysis of short-term intervention studies

SummaryThe macrobiotic, Ma‐Pi 2 diet (12% protein, 18% fat and 70% carbohydrate), has shown benefit in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This pooled analysis aims to confirm results from four, 21‐day intervention studies with the Ma‐Pi 2 diet, carried out in Cuba, China, Ghana and Italy. Baseline and end of study biochemical, body composition and blood pressure data, were compared using multivariate statistical methods and assessment of the Cohen effect size (d). Results showed that all measured indicators demonstrated significant changes (p  0.05). Similarly, glycemia and glycemic profiles in all four studies were independent of the sample size (p = 0.237). The Ma‐Pi diet 2 significantly reduced glycemia, serum lipids, uremia and cardiovascular risk in adults with T2DM. These results suggest that the Ma‐Pi 2 diet could be a valid alternative treatment for patients with T2DM and point to the need for further clinical studies. Mechanisms related to its benefits as a functional diet are discussed. © 2013 The Authors. Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd

The heavy rains and floods on 17 and 18 December 2016 in the Region of Murcia, with particular focus on the Mar Menor Watershed

[EN] The heavy rains on December 17-18, 2016 were one of the most significant events that have occurred in southeastern Spain over the last two decades. In the present study the incidence of these rains in the Region of Murcia, and especially in the Mar Menor watershed, is analyzed, with particular focus on the flooded areas. The synoptic situation and the atmospheric dynamics were studied through monitoring of different METEOSAT´s satellite bands, images from weather radars and data from atmospheric soundings. A map showing the accumulated rainfall during the event and another one concerning the pluviometric anomaly of December 2016 in comparison with the average for this month in the period from 1981 to 2010 were produced using precipitation data of 129 weather stations belonging to different organizations. The maximum precipitation reached in 1 and 12 hours for a total of 64 stations was also analyzed, in relation to the thresholds and alarm levels which are established by AEMET. Finally, two hydrometeorological methods, the SCS Dimensionless Unit Hydrograph -SCS DUH- and the Témez’s Unit Hydrograph Method -TUH-, were used in order to estimate the flood-peak discharges in ephemeral streams flowing to the Mar Menor, which led to flooding in the Alcazares area. In accordance with the more consistent results of SCS DUH, the flood-peak discharges caused in this area by the Albujón and Maraña ramblas were estimated to be around 820 and 258 m3/s respectively.[ES] El episodio lluvioso del 17 y 18 de diciembre de 2016 es uno de los más significativos acaecidos en el Sureste Peninsular durante las dos últimas décadas. En el presente trabajo se analiza la incidencia de dicho suceso en la Región de Murcia, y de manera particular en el área vertiente del Mar Menor, donde se produjeron las inundaciones más importantes. Mediante el seguimiento de diferentes bandas satelitales del METEOSAT, imágenes de radares meteorológicos y datos de sondeos atmosféricos se han estudiado las situaciones sinópticas y la dinámica atmosférica que acompañó al suceso. A partir de los registros de un total de 129 estaciones meteorológicas, pertenecientes a diferentes Organismos, se ha confeccionado un mapa de la precipitación acumulada durante el episodio y otro de anomalía pluviométrica de diciembre de 2016 en comparación con el promedio de dicho mes en el período 1981-2010. También ha sido analizada la precipitación máxima alcanzada en 1 y 12 horas para un total de 64 estaciones, en relación con los umbrales y niveles de aviso establecidos por AEMET. Finalmente, se han empleado dos métodos hidrometeorológicos, el HU adimensional del SCS (HU SCS) y el HU de Témez (HUT), para el cálculo de los caudales pico de avenida que circularon por las ramblas litorales del Mar Menor y causaron inundaciones en la zona de Los Alcázares. Según los resultados más consistentes del modelo HU SCS, los caudales punta de las ramblas del Albujón y de la Maraña generados por este suceso en dicha zona se estiman en torno a 820 y 258 m3/s respectivamente.Nuestro agradecimiento a la Delegación Territorial de AEMET en Murcia por la cesión de datos meteorológicos de su red de estaciones para la presente investigación.Espín Sánchez, D.; García Lorenzo, R.; Ruiz Álvarez, V.; Conesa García, C. (2017). Las lluvias torrenciales e inundaciones de los días 17 y 18 de diciembre de 2016 en la Región de Murcia con particular incidencia en el área vertiente del Mar Menor. Ingeniería del Agua. 21(4):213-229. doi:10.4995/ia.2017.7773SWORD213229214Álvarez Rogel, Y., Navarro Hervás, F., Granell Pérez, M.C. 2010. Aproximación al riesgo de inundación en dos diputaciones de la ciudad de Cartagena (Murcia, España). Papeles de Geografía, 51-52, 33-43.Amblar-Francés P., Ramos-Calzado P., Casado-Calle, M. J., Pastor-Saavedra, M.A., Rodríguez-Camino, E. 2016. Estudio de las proyecciones regionalizadas de cambio climático para las cuencas hidrográficas de España, XXXIV Jornadas Científicas de la Asociación Meteorológica Española, Teruel, 29 febrero - 2 marzo 2016, 10 p.Amengual, A., Homar, V., Jaume, O. 2015. Potential of a probabilistic hydrometeorological forecasting approach for the 28 September 2012 extreme flash flood in Murcia, Spain. Atmospheric Research, 166, 10-23. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2015.06.012Benito, F.J. 2016: La alta temperatura del mar prolonga en diciembre el riesgo de gota fría en Alicante, Diario Información, 1-12-2016, http://www.diarioinformacion.com/alicante/2016/11/30/alta-temperatura-mar-prolonga-diciembre/1834290.htmlCalvo García Tornel, F., Conesa García,C., Álvarez Rogel, Y. 2001. La inundación de octubre de 1879 en el Bajo Segura. Magnitud y efectos inducidos. Estudios Geográficos, 62(242), 7-27. https://doi.org/10.3989/egeogr.2001.i242.292Camarasa Belmonte, A.M., Butrón, D. 2016. Umbrales de lluvia, daños y niveles de alerta en la Comunidad Valenciana. En X Congreso Internacional AEC: Clima, sociedad, riesgos y ordenación del territorio, Universidad de Alicante.Capel Molina, J.J. 1974. Génesis de las inundaciones de Octubre de 1973 en el Sureste de la Península Ibérica. Cuadernos Geográficos de la Universidad de Granada, 4, 149-166.Capel Molina, J.J. 1989. Convección profunda sobre el Mediterráneo español. Lluvias torrenciales en los días 4 al 7 de septiembre de 1989 en Andalucía Oriental, Murcia, Levante, Cataluña y Mallorca. Paralelo 37°, 13, 51-79.Capel Molina, J.J. 1990. Ciclogénesis violenta en el Mediterráneo. La inundación de Málaga de noviembre de 1989. Papeles de Geografía, 16, 9-33.CEAM 2007. Informe sobre las lluvias torrenciales del 11-12 de Octubre de 2007 en la Comunidad Valenciana. Fundación CEAM, Valencia, Spain.Chow, V.T., Maidment, D.R., Mays, L.W. 1994. Hidrología aplicada. McGraw-Hill.Castejón Porcel, G., Romero Díaz, A. 2014. Inundaciones en la Región de Murcia en los inicios del siglo XXI. Biblio 3W, vol. XIX, 1102, 1-40.Conesa Garcia, C. 1985. Inundaciones en Lorca (Murcia): riesgo y expectación. Papeles de Geografía Física, 10, 33-47.Conesa García, C., García García, E. 2003. Las áreas históricas de inundación en Cartagena: problemas de drenaje y actuaciones, Boletín de la Asociación de Geógrafos Españoles, 35, 79-100.Conesa García, C., García Lorenzo, R. 2014. Flood hazard assessment for bridge crossings over ephemeral channels: a case study of the Murcia coast (SE Spain). Cuadernos de investigación Geográfica, 40, 119-146. https://doi.org/10.18172/cig.2507Conesa-García, C., García-Lorenzo, R., Pérez-Cutillas, P. 2016. Flood hazards at ford stream crossings on ephemeral channels (south-east coast of Spain). Hydrological Processes, 31, 731-749. https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.11082CAAMA (Consejería de Agricultura, Agua y Medio Ambiente) 2008. Proyecto Natmur: http://www.murcianatural.carm.es/natmur08Ferrer Polo, F.J. 2000. Recomendaciones para el cálculo hidrometeorológico de avenidas. CEDEX, Madrid.García, D., Baquerizo, A., Ortega, M., Herrero, J., Ángel Losada, M. 2013. Probabilistic flood forecasting tool for Andalusia (Spain). Application to September 2012 disaster event in Vera Playa. In EGU General Assembly Conference Abstracts, Vol. 15, p.975.García Lorenzo, R., Conesa García, C. 2011. Estimación de caudales de avenidas y delimitación de áreas inundables mediante métodos hidrometeorológicos e hidráulicos y técnicas SIG, Estudio aplicado al litoral sur de la Región de Murcia. Papeles de Geografía 53-54, 107-123.Genovés, A., Jansá, A. 2003. Diabatic processes contribution to the november 2001 storm. Proceedings of the 4th EGS Plinius Conference, October, Mallorca, Spain.Gil Meseguer, E., Pérez Morales, A., Gómez Espín, J.M. 2012. Precipitaciones y avenidas del 28 de Septiembre de 2012 en el cuadrante suroccidental de la cuenca del Segura (Municipios de Lorca, Puerto Lumbreras y Pulpí), Papeles de Geografía, 55-56, 75-94.Gil Olcina, A. 2016. Causas atmosféricas de dos descomunales llenas en la Rambla de Nogalte (Cuenca del Segura). Libro Homenaje al Profesor Alfredo Morales Gil, Universidad de Alicante, 935-956. https://doi.org/10.14198/LibroHomenajeAlfredoMorales2016-42Homar, V., Romero, R., Ramis, C., Alonso, S. 2002. Numerical study of the October 2000 torrential precipitation event over eastern Spain: analysis of the synoptic-scale stationarity. Annales Geophysicae, 20(12), 2047-2066. https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-20-2047-2002Hooke, J.M., Mant, J.M. 2000. Geomorphological impacts of a flood event on ephemeral channels in SE Spain. Geomorphology, 34(3), 163-180. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0169-555X(00)00005-2Llasat, M.C. 1987. Episodios de lluvias copiosas en Catalunya: génesis, evolución y factores coadyuvantes. Universitat de Barcelona.Llasat, M.C., Puigcerver, M. 1994. Meteorological Factors Associated with Floods in the North Eastern Part of the Iberian Peninsula. Natural Hazards, 9, pp. 81-93. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00662592Llasat, M.C., Ramis, C., Barrantes, J. 1996. The Meteorology of High-Intensity Rainfall Events Over the West Mediterranean Region. Remote Sensing Reviews, 14, 51-90. https://doi.org/10.1080/02757259609532313Llasat, M.C., Barriendos, M., Rigo, T. 2002. L'Analyse de la fréquence et de l'occurrence temporelle des fortes précipitations d'origine méditerranéenne causes des crues rares en Espagne et dans le Sud de la France. Le Houille Blanche, 6-7, 139-144. https://doi.org/10.1051/lhb/2002098Llasat, M.C., Barrera, A., Barriendos, M. 2004. Analysis of climatic conditions associated with historical floods. En: G. Benito & V.R. Thorndycraft (Eds.), Systematic, Paleoflood and Historical Data for the Improvement of Flood Risk Estimation. Methodological Guidelines. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, pp. 85-94.López, J.M., Arán, M. 2005. Estudi d'una ciclogènesi ràpida mediterrània: Catalunya 9-10 de juny del 2000. Nota técnica del CMT en Cataluña. Instituto Nacional de Meteorología. 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Facetas del cálculo hidrometeorológico y estadístico de máximos caudales. Revista de Obras Públicas, 3430, 47-51

Specificity in S-Nitrosylation: a short-range mechanism for NO signaling?

Significance: Nitric oxide (NO) classical and less classical signaling mechanisms (through interaction with soluble guanylate cyclase and cytochrome c oxidase, respectively) operate through direct binding of NO to protein metal centers, and rely on diffusibility of the NO molecule. S-Nitrosylation, a covalent post-translational modification of protein cysteines, has emerged as a paradigm of nonclassical NO signaling. Recent Advances: Several nonenzymatic mechanisms for S-nitrosylation formation and destruction have been described. Enzymatic mechanisms for transnitrosylation and denitrosylation have been also studied as regulators of the modification of specific subsets of proteins. The advancement of modification-specific proteomic methodologies has allowed progress in the study of diverse S-nitrosoproteomes, raising clues and questions about the parameters for determining the protein specificity of the modification. Critical Issues: We propose that S-nitrosylation is mainly a short-range mechanism of NO signaling, exerted in a relatively limited range of action around the NO sources, and tightly related to the very controlled regulation of subcellular localization of nitric oxide synthases. We review the nonenzymatic and enzymatic mechanisms that support this concept, as well as physiological examples of mammalian systems that illustrate well the precise compartmentalization of S-nitrosylation. Future Directions: Individual and proteomic studies of protein S-nitrosylation-based signaling should take into account the subcellular localization in order to gain further insight into the functional role of this modification in (patho)physiological settings. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 19, 1220-1235.Spanish Government [CSD2007-00020, CP07/00143, PS09/00101, SAF2009-7520, PI10/02136]; Spanish-Portuguese Integrated Action Grant [PRI-AIBPT-2011-1015/E-10/12]; Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT, Portugal) [PTDC/SAU-NEU/102612/2008, PTDC/SAU-NMC/112183/2009, PEst-OE/EQB/LA0023/2011]; COST action [BM1005]info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

An AGAMOUS-related MADS-box gene, XAL1 (AGL12), regulates root meristem cell proliferation and flowering transition in Arabidopsis

11 pages, 5 figures, 1 table.-- PMID: 18203871 [PubMed].-- PMCID: PMC2259045.-- Supplementary information available at: http://www.plantphysiol.org/cgi/content/full/pp.107.108647/DC1MADS-box genes are key components of the networks that control the transition to flowering and flower development, but their role in vegetative development is poorly understood. This article shows that the sister gene of the AGAMOUS (AG) clade, AGL12, has an important role in root development as well as in flowering transition. We isolated three mutant alleles for AGL12, which is renamed here as XAANTAL1 (XAL1): Two alleles, xal1-1 and xal1-2, are in Columbia ecotype and xal1-3 is in Landsberg erecta ecotype. All alleles have a short-root phenotype with a smaller meristem, lower rate of cell production, and abnormal root apical meristem organization. Interestingly, we also encountered a significantly longer cell cycle in the strongest xal1 alleles with respect to wild-type plants. Expression analyses confirmed the presence of XAL1 transcripts in roots, particularly in the phloem. Moreover, XAL1beta-glucuronidase expression was specifically up-regulated by auxins in this tissue. In addition, mRNA in situ hybridization showed that XAL1 transcripts were also found in leaves and floral meristems of wild-type plants. This expression correlates with the late-flowering phenotypes of the xal1 mutants grown under long days. Transcript expression analysis suggests that XAL1 is an upstream regulator of SOC, FLOWERING LOCUS T, and LFY. We propose that XAL1 may have similar roles in both root and aerial meristems that could explain the xal1 late-flowering phenotype.This work was supported by Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACYT), México (grant nos. CO1.41848/A–1, CO1.0538/A–1, and CO1.0435.B–1); Dirección General de Asuntos del Personal Académico (DGAPA)-Programa de Apoyo a Proyectos de Investigación e Innovación Tecnológica (PAPIIT), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM; grant nos. IN230002 and IX207104); and the University of California-MEXUS ECO IE 271 to E.R.A.-B. R.T.-L. was a recipient of CONACYT and DGAPA-PAPIIT-UNAM fellowships (no. IX225304). J.G.D. was supported by DGAPA-PAPIIT-UNAM (grant nos. IN210202 and IN225906) and CONACYT (grant no. 49267).Peer reviewe

HERC1 ubiquitin ligase is required for hippocampal learning and memory

Mutations in the human HERC1 E3 ubiquitin ligase protein develop intellectual disability. The tambaleante (tbl) mouse carries a HERC1 mutation characterized by cerebellar ataxia due of adult cerebellar Purkinje cells death by extensive autophagy. Our previous studies demonstrated that both the neuromuscular junction and the peripheral nerve myelin sheaths are also affected in this mutant. Moreover, there are signs of dysregulated autophagy in the central nervous system in the tbl mouse, affecting spinal cord motor neurons, and pyramidal neurons of the neocortex and the hippocampal CA3 region. The tbl mutation affects associative learning, with absence of short- and long-term potentiation in the lateral amygdala, altered spinogenesis in their neurons, and a dramatic decrease in their glutamatergic input. To assess whether other brain areas engaged in learning processes might be affected by the tbl mutation, we have studied the tbl hippocampus using behavioral tests, ex vivo electrophysiological recordings, immunohistochemistry, the Golgi-Cox method and transmission electron microscopy. The tbl mice performed poorly in the novel-object recognition, T-maze and Morris water maze tests. In addition, there was a decrease in glutamatergic input while the GABAergic one remains unaltered in the hippocampal CA1 region of tbl mice, accompanied by changes in the dendritic spines, and signs of cellular damage. Moreover, the proportions of immature and mature neurons in the dentate gyrus of the tbl hippocampus differ relative to the control mice. Together, these observations demonstrate the important role of HERC1 in regulating synaptic activity during learning

Paediatricians provide higher quality care to children and adolescents in primary care: A systematic review

Aim: The number of primary care paediatricians is decreasing in Europe without a justifiable reason. We aimed to compare the clinical practice of paediatricians and family doctors attending children and adolescents in primary care. Methods: MEDLINE, Embase, CENTRAL, TRIP and Google Scholar were searched from December 2008 to February 2018. No language or study design restrictions were applied. Three reviewers assessed eligibility of the studies. Seven pairs of reviewers performed the data extraction and assessed the methodological quality independently. Discrepancies were resolved by consensus. Results: Fifty-four, out of 1150 studies preselected, were included. We found that paediatricians show more appropriate pharmacology prescription patterns for the illness being treated; they achieve higher vaccination rates and have better knowledge of vaccines and fewer doubts about vaccine safety; their knowledge and implementation of different screening tests are better; they prescribe psychoactive drugs more cautiously and more in line with current practice guidelines; their evaluation and treatment of obesity and lipid disorders follow criteria more consistently with current clinical practice guidelines; and they perform fewer diagnostic test, show a more suitable use of the test and request fewer referrals to specialists. Conclusion: According to published data, in developed countries, paediatricians provide higher quality care to children than family doctors