Stationary severe thunderstorms over Malaga on 19 February 2017

Póster presentado en: "Workshop on Using ECMWF’s Forecasts (UEF2017)", que se celebró en Reading, Reino Unido, del 12 al 16 de junio de 2017.During the dawn of 19 February 2017, a set of intense thunderstorms occurred over south Spain. Malaga city was especially affected by these thunderstorms. Precipitation, that started at about 01:30 UTC (02:30 local time) and lasted around 8 hours, peaked just after 02:00 UTC. The horizontal distribution of precipitation was quite variable, showing some maxima over the center and eastern Malaga city. This case study, that discusses the highly localized and stationary thunderstorms previously described, is tackled from both scales, synoptic and mesoscale, adding some issues at microscale. To carry out this task, deterministic outputs and convective diagnostic products of the ECMWF model, and remote sensing (radar, lightning and both basic and NWCSAF satellite products) and observation data products are used

Allochthonous terranes involved in the Variscan suture from NW Iberia: a review of their origin and tectonothermal evolution [Abstract]

NW Iberia includes a rather complete section of the Variscan suture, where different terranes with continental or oceanic affinities appear with clear structural relationships. Three groups of terranes, namely upper, ophiolitic and basal units and a frontal tectonic mélange appear in Galicia, in Cabo Ortegal, Órdenes and Malpica-Tui complexes. They constitute a huge allochthonous pile thrust over the Iberian parautochthonous and autochthonous domains, which represent the section of the Gondwanan margin that escaped continental subduction during the Variscan cycle (Schistose Domain of Galicia-Trás-os-Montes and Central Iberian Zone)Departamento de Petrología y Geoquímica, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, EspañaInstituto de Geociencias, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, EspañaInstituto de Geociencias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, EspañaDepartamento de Geología, Universidad de Salamanca, EspañaInstitut für Geowissenschaften, Mineralogie, Johann Wolfgang Goëthe-Universität, AlemaniaUnidad de Tres Cantos, Instituto Geológico y Minero de España, EspañaCentro de Apoyo a la Investigación de Geocronología y Geoquímica Isotópica, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Españ

Cadomian and Variscan sutures of Iberia: a comparison

p.11-12. -A meeting held as a tribute to Teodoro Palacios on his retirement as Professor of Palaeontology at the University of Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain, 26th & 27th January, 2022, University of Extremadura, Badajoz. Edited by Sören Jensen[EN] The Iberian Massif holds evidence of two pre-Mesozoic orogenies, namely the Cadomian and Variscan. The Cadomian Orogeny resulted from long-lived subduction under the periphery of Gondwana during the Neoproterozoic and early Paleozoic. The Variscan Orogen resulted from the progressive collision of Gondwana, Laurussia and their pericontinental terranes during the Devonian and Carboniferous, after the closure of the Rheic Ocean and other marginal basins located along their mainlands. Despite these two orogens differ from one another in the global context from which they emerged, in Iberia they share some characteristics that make them intriguingly alike. The Variscan Orogen contains two major sutures zones. One that separates mainland Gondwana from peri-Gondwanan terranes (intra-Gondwana suture), and another one separating Laurussia from the latter terranes (Rheic suture). The Variscan intra-Gondwana suture is Tectonically dismembered and separates a collection of terranes with continental crust affinity that were transported inland from the periphery of Gondwana during the closure of a (Devonian) marginal basin opened during ongoing convergence between Gondwana and Laurussia (e.g., Careón Ophiolite), ⁓15 million years after the onset of the Variscan Orogen. This process was the result of subduction polarity towards Laurussia, i.e. away from mainland Gondwana. The exhumation of the ophiolites and high-P rocks in this suture was largely controlled by syn-convergence extensional tectonics. The current structure of the Rheic suture, on the other hand, is the result of reworking after the opening of an ephemeral oceanic basin (Beja-Acebuches Ophiolite). Subduction polarity during both the closure of the primary suture zone and the closure of the ephemeral basin were beneath mainland Gondwana. However, the closure of the ephemeral basin developed flake tectonics and obduction of pieces of the ocean basin onto the upper plate. Suture zones in the Cadomian Orogen went unnoticed until few years ago. Despite being intensely reworked by Variscan deformation, the ongoing structural, tectonometamorphic, geochemical and geochronological studies provide first-order constrains on their primary (Cadomian) geometry as well as insight on the paleogeographic location of subduction zones that led to their formation. A collective, yet preliminary analysis of these sutures, pictures a major architecture of the Cadomian Orogen that contain, at least, two sutures zones. One Cadomian suture is identified in the Mérida Ophiolite, which separates an upper and lower plate, both with continental crust affinity and likely Gondwanan derivation (intra-Gondwana suture). This intra-Gondwana suture was formed after the closure by subduction away from mainland Gondwana of a marginal basin that opened during ongoing convergence between Gondwana and an oceanic plate, millions of years after the onset of the Cadomian Orogen. The exhumation of the ophiolite and mid-P rocks that make this suture was largely controlled by syn-convergence extensional tectonics. Another Cadomian suture is represented by the Calzadilla Ophiolite, whose protoliths formed in a fore-arc basin to the most external part of Gondwana. The location of this suture zone is explained by flake tectonics, which contributed to the obduction of the ophiolite onto the upper plate while ongoing subduction was beneath mainland Gondwana. Cadomian and Variscan sutures share fundamental characteristics regarding the paleolocation of the ocean basins they derive from and the overall resulting geometry and tectonic processes involved in their formation. The suture zones that represent the closure of basins located at the outermost section of peri-Gondwana, and closely facing subduction underneath Gondwana (Calzadilla and Beja-Acebuches ophiolites), were obducted inwards onto mainland Gondwana (upper plate). The intra-Gondwana suture zones (Careón and Mérida ophiolites) formed after subduction of a marginal basin beneath the periphery of Gondwana, and the exhumation of rock units of the subduction system was largely assisted by syn-convergence extensional tectonics following subduction-accretion. The Variscan and Cadomian orogens, despite being formed in different contexts (oceanic subduction vs. continental collision), share two major features. Both are (i) mostly built by Gondwanan lithosphere, and (ii) occupy the upper plate of a subduction zone that consumed a large ocean. These two orogens alternate phases of contraction and extension (mostly concentrated in the upper plate). In both cases, extension was intense enough as to create marginal ocean basins and to favor exhumation of deep-seated rocks (quite common in upper plates). Perhaps, these major features they share may explain the resemblance of the final global architecture of these two orogens, and provide additional arguments to consider Gondwana as resistant to subduction and recycling in the mantle and prone to crustal growth, being the upper plate to the orogenic systems it was involved in during at least 300 m.y.Peer reviewe

Association between vitamin D receptor rs731236 (Taq1) polymorphism and risk for restless legs syndrome in the Spanish caucasian population

Varios trabajos recientes sugieren un posible papel de la deficiencia de vitamina D en la etiología o el síndrome de las piernas inquietas (RLS). Hemos analizado la posible relación de 2 polimorfismos de un solo nucleótido (SNP) en el receptor de la vitamina D3 (GEN VDR) con el riesgo de SPI. Hemos estudiado la variante alélica genotipo y frecuencias de VDR rs2228570 y rs731236 VDR SNPs en 205 RLS pacientes y 445 controles sanos mediante un ensayo TaqMan. Las frecuencias de los rs731236AAgenotype y la variante alélica rs731236un SPI fue significativamente inferior en los pacientes que en los controles (P<0,005 y 0,01, respectivamente). El síndrome de las piernas inquietas pacientes portadoras de la variante alélica rs731236G había una edad temprana en el inicio, y los portadores del genotipo GG731236rs tuvieron mayor severidad de RLS, aunque estos datos desaparecieron después de los análisis multivariados. Ninguno de los SNPs estudiados estaba relacionada con la positividad de la historia familiar de SPI. Estos resultados sugieren una modesta, pero significativa asociación entre rs731236 VDR SNP y el riesgo de síndrome de piernas inquietas.Several recent works suggest a possible role of vitamin D deficiency in the etiology or restless legs syndrome (RLS). We analyzed the possible relationship of 2 common single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the vitamin D3 receptor (VDR) gene with the risk for RLS. We studied the genotype and allelic variant frequencies of VDR rs2228570 and VDR rs731236 SNPs in 205 RLS patients and 445 healthy controls using a TaqMan essay. The frequencies of the rs731236AAgenotype and the allelic variant rs731236A were significantly lower in RLS patients than in controls (P<0.005 and<0.01, respectively). Restless legs syndrome patients carrying the allelic variant rs731236G had an earlier age at onset, and those carrying the rs731236GG genotype had higher severity of RLS, although these data disappeared after multivariate analyses. None of the SNPs studied was related with the positivity of family history of RLS. These results suggest a modest, but significant association between VDR rs731236 SNP and the risk for RLS.• Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Fondo de Investigación Sanitaria: Ayudas PI12/00241, PI12/00324, y RETICS RD12/0013/0002 • Junta de Extremadura: GR15026 y PRIS10016 • Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación: Ayudas SAF2006-10126 (2006–2009) y SAF2010-22329-C02-01 (2011-2013) • Parciamente financiado con Fondos FEDERpeerReviewe

Association between vitamin D receptor rs731236 (Taq1) polymorphism and risk for restless legs syndrome in the Spanish caucasian population

Varios trabajos recientes sugieren un posible papel de la deficiencia de vitamina D en la etiología o el síndrome de las piernas inquietas (RLS). Hemos analizado la posible relación de 2 polimorfismos de un solo nucleótido (SNP) en el receptor de la vitamina D3 (GEN VDR) con el riesgo de SPI. Hemos estudiado la variante alélica genotipo y frecuencias de VDR rs2228570 y rs731236 VDR SNPs en 205 RLS pacientes y 445 controles sanos mediante un ensayo TaqMan. Las frecuencias de los rs731236AAgenotype y la variante alélica rs731236un SPI fue significativamente inferior en los pacientes que en los controles (P<0,005 y 0,01, respectivamente). El síndrome de las piernas inquietas pacientes portadoras de la variante alélica rs731236G había una edad temprana en el inicio, y los portadores del genotipo GG731236rs tuvieron mayor severidad de RLS, aunque estos datos desaparecieron después de los análisis multivariados. Ninguno de los SNPs estudiados estaba relacionada con la positividad de la historia familiar de SPI. Estos resultados sugieren una modesta, pero significativa asociación entre rs731236 VDR SNP y el riesgo de síndrome de piernas inquietas.Several recent works suggest a possible role of vitamin D deficiency in the etiology or restless legs syndrome (RLS). We analyzed the possible relationship of 2 common single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the vitamin D3 receptor (VDR) gene with the risk for RLS. We studied the genotype and allelic variant frequencies of VDR rs2228570 and VDR rs731236 SNPs in 205 RLS patients and 445 healthy controls using a TaqMan essay. The frequencies of the rs731236AAgenotype and the allelic variant rs731236A were significantly lower in RLS patients than in controls (P<0.005 and<0.01, respectively). Restless legs syndrome patients carrying the allelic variant rs731236G had an earlier age at onset, and those carrying the rs731236GG genotype had higher severity of RLS, although these data disappeared after multivariate analyses. None of the SNPs studied was related with the positivity of family history of RLS. These results suggest a modest, but significant association between VDR rs731236 SNP and the risk for RLS.• Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Fondo de Investigación Sanitaria: Ayudas PI12/00241, PI12/00324, y RETICS RD12/0013/0002 • Junta de Extremadura: GR15026 y PRIS10016 • Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación: Ayudas SAF2006-10126 (2006–2009) y SAF2010-22329-C02-01 (2011-2013) • Parciamente financiado con Fondos FEDERpeerReviewe

Heme oxygenase-1 and 2 common genetic variants and risk for restless legs syndrome

Varios neurotransmisores, neuropatológicos, neuroimagen, y los datos experimentales, sugieren que la deficiencia de hierro juega un papel importante en la fisiopatología del síndrome de piernas inquietas (RLS). HMOX (Hemeoxygenases) es un importante mecanismo de defensa contra el estrés oxidativo, principalmente a través de la degradación del hemo a biliverdin, libre de hierro, y monóxido de carbono. Hemos analizado si los genes HMOX1 y HMOX2 están relacionados con el riesgo de desarrollar el síndrome de piernas inquietas. Se analizó la distribución de genotipos y las frecuencias alélicas de los HMOX1 rs2071746, HMOX1 rs2071747, HMOX2 rs2270363 y rs1051308 HMOX2 SNPs, así como la presencia de variaciones de número de copia (CNVs) de estos genes en 205 sujetos RLS y 445 controles sanos. Las frecuencias de rs2071746 genotipo TT y R2071746T variante alélica fueron significativamente inferiores en los pacientes de SPI que en controles, aunque los otros 3 SNPs estudiados RLS no difirió entre pacientes y controles. Ninguno de los polimorfismos estudiados influyeron en el inicio de la enfermedad, la gravedad de la RLS, historia familiar de SPI, la ferritina sérica, o respuesta a agonistas dopaminérgicos, clonazepam o GABAergic drogas. El presente estudio sugiere una débil asociación entre el polimorfismo rs2071746 HMOX1 y el riesgo de desarrollar el SPI en la población española.Several neurochemical, neuropathological, neuroimaging, and experimental data, suggest that iron deficiency plays an important role in the pathophysiology of restless legs syndrome (RLS). Hemeoxygenases (HMOX) are an important defensive mechanism against oxidative stress, mainly through the degradation of heme to biliverdin, free iron, and carbon monoxide. We analyzed whether HMOX1 and HMOX2 genes are related with the risk to develop RLS. We analyzed the distribution of genotypes and allelic frequencies of the HMOX1 rs2071746, HMOX1 rs2071747, HMOX2 rs2270363, and HMOX2 rs1051308 SNPs, as well as the presence of Copy number variations (CNVs) of these genes in 205 subjects RLS and 445 healthy controls. The frequencies of rs2071746TT genotype and rs2071746T allelic variant were significantly lower in RLS patients than that in controls, although the other 3 studied SNPs did not differ between RLS patients and controls. None of the studied polymorphisms influenced the disease onset, severity of RLS, family history of RLS, serum ferritin levels, or response to dopaminergic agonist, clonazepam or GABAergic drugs. The present study suggests a weak association between HMOX1 rs2071746 polymorphism and the risk to develop RLS in the Spanish population.• Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Fondo de Investigación Sanitaria: Ayudas PI12/00241, PI12/00324 y RETICS RD12/0013/0002 • Junta de Extremadura: Ayuda GR10068 GR10068 y PRIS10016 (Fundesalud,Mérida, Spain) • Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación: Ayudas SAF2006-10126 (2006–2009) y SAF2010-22329-C02-01 (2011–2013) • Parcialmente financiado Fondos FEDER – Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo RegionalpeerReviewe

Mapa Geológico de España E 1:200000, hoja 69, Pozoblanco

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Space and time in the tectonic evolution of the northwestern Iberian Massif: Implications for the Variscan belt.

Recent advances in geochemical studies of igneous rocks, isotopic age data for magmatism and metamorphism, quantitative pressure-temperature (P-T) estimates of metamorphic evolution, and structural geology in the northwestern Iberian Massif are integrated into a synthesis of the tectonic evolution that places the autochthonous and allochthonous terranes in the framework of Paleozoic plate tectonics. Because northwestern Iberia is free from strike-slip faults of continental scale, it is retrodeformable and preserves valuable information about the orthogonal component of convergence of Gondwana with Laurentia and/or Baltica, and the opening and closure of the Rheic Ocean. The evolution deduced for northwest Iberia is extended to the rest of the Variscan belt in an attempt to develop a three-dimensional interpretation that assigns great importance to the transcurrent components of convergence. Dominant Carboniferous dextral transpression following large Devonian and Early Carboniferous thrusting and recumbent folding is invoked to explain the complexity of the belt without requiring a large number of peri-Gondwanan terranes, and its ophiolites and highpressure allochthonous units are related to a single oceanic closure. Palinspastic reconstruction of the Variscan massifs and zones cannot be achieved without restoration of terrane transport along the colliding plate margins. A schematic reconstruction is proposed that involves postcollisional strike-slip displacement of ~3000 km between Laurussia and Gondwana during the Carboniferous

Socio-Demographic Health Determinants Are Associated with Poor Prognosis in Spanish Patients Hospitalized with COVID-19

Introduction Social vulnerability is a known determinant of health in respiratory diseases. Our aim was to identify whether there are socio-demographic factors among COVID-19 patients hospitalized in Spain and their potential impact on health outcomes during the hospitalization. Methods A multicentric retrospective case series study based on administrative databases that included all COVID-19 cases admitted in 19 Spanish hospitals from 1 March to 15 April 2020. Socio-demographic data were collected. Outcomes were critical care admission and in-hospital mortality. Results We included 10,110 COVID-19 patients admitted to 18 Spanish hospitals (median age 68 (IQR 54–80) years old; 44.5% female; 14.8% were not born in Spain). Among these, 779 (7.7%) cases were admitted to critical care units and 1678 (16.6%) patients died during the hospitalization. Age, male gender, being immigrant, and low hospital saturation were independently associated with being admitted to an intensive care unit. Age, male gender, being immigrant, percentile of average per capita income, and hospital experience were independently associated with in-hospital mortality. Conclusions Social determinants such as residence in low-income areas and being born in Latin American countries were associated with increased odds of being admitted to an intensive care unit and of in-hospital mortality. There was considerable variation in outcomes between different Spanish centers.JPA is under contract within the Ramón y Cajal Program (RYC-2016-20155, Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad, Spain). Investigators of Spanish Social-Environmental COVID-19 Register: Steering Committee: F. Javier Martín-Sánchez, Adrián Valls Carbó, Carmen Martínez Valero, Juan de D. Miranda, Juan Pedro Arrebola, Marta Esteban López, Annika Parviainen, Òscar Miró, Pere Llorens, Sònia Jiménez, Pascual Piñera, Guillermo Burillo, Alfonso Martín, Jorge García Lamberechts, Javier Jacob, Aitor Alquézar, Juan González del Castillo, Amanda López Picado and Iván Núñez. Participating centers: Oscar Miró y Sonia Jimenez. Hospital Clinic de Barcelona. José María Ferreras Amez. Hospital Clínico Universitario Lozano Blesa. Rafael Rubio Díaz. Complejo Hospitalario de Toledo. Julio Javier Gamazo del Rio. Hospital Universitario de Galdakao. Héctor Alonso. Hospital Universitario Miguel de Valdecilla. Pablo Herrero. Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias. Noemí Ruiz de Lobera. Hospital San Pedro de Logroño. Carlos Ibero. Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra. Plácido Mayan. Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago. Rosario Peinado. Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Badajoz. Carmen Navarro Bustos. Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Macarena. Jesús Álvarez Manzanares. Hospital Universitario Rio Hortega. Francisco Román. Hospital Universitario General de Alicante. Pascual Piñera. Hospital Universitario Reina Sofia de Murcia. Guillermo Burillo. Hospital Universitario de Canarias de Tenerife. Javier Jacob. Hospital Universitario de Bellvitge. Carlos Bibiano. Hospital Universitario Infanta Leonor.Peer reviewe

Effectiveness of an intervention for improving drug prescription in primary care patients with multimorbidity and polypharmacy:Study protocol of a cluster randomized clinical trial (Multi-PAP project)

This study was funded by the Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias ISCIII (Grant Numbers PI15/00276, PI15/00572, PI15/00996), REDISSEC (Project Numbers RD12/0001/0012, RD16/0001/0005), and the European Regional Development Fund ("A way to build Europe").Background: Multimorbidity is associated with negative effects both on people's health and on healthcare systems. A key problem linked to multimorbidity is polypharmacy, which in turn is associated with increased risk of partly preventable adverse effects, including mortality. The Ariadne principles describe a model of care based on a thorough assessment of diseases, treatments (and potential interactions), clinical status, context and preferences of patients with multimorbidity, with the aim of prioritizing and sharing realistic treatment goals that guide an individualized management. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of a complex intervention that implements the Ariadne principles in a population of young-old patients with multimorbidity and polypharmacy. The intervention seeks to improve the appropriateness of prescribing in primary care (PC), as measured by the medication appropriateness index (MAI) score at 6 and 12months, as compared with usual care. Methods/Design: Design:pragmatic cluster randomized clinical trial. Unit of randomization: family physician (FP). Unit of analysis: patient. Scope: PC health centres in three autonomous communities: Aragon, Madrid, and Andalusia (Spain). Population: patients aged 65-74years with multimorbidity (≥3 chronic diseases) and polypharmacy (≥5 drugs prescribed in ≥3months). Sample size: n=400 (200 per study arm). Intervention: complex intervention based on the implementation of the Ariadne principles with two components: (1) FP training and (2) FP-patient interview. Outcomes: MAI score, health services use, quality of life (Euroqol 5D-5L), pharmacotherapy and adherence to treatment (Morisky-Green, Haynes-Sackett), and clinical and socio-demographic variables. Statistical analysis: primary outcome is the difference in MAI score between T0 and T1 and corresponding 95% confidence interval. Adjustment for confounding factors will be performed by multilevel analysis. All analyses will be carried out in accordance with the intention-to-treat principle. Discussion: It is essential to provide evidence concerning interventions on PC patients with polypharmacy and multimorbidity, conducted in the context of routine clinical practice, and involving young-old patients with significant potential for preventing negative health outcomes. Trial registration: Clinicaltrials.gov, NCT02866799Publisher PDFPeer reviewe