VIDA Y MUERTE EN LA ESCULTURA

[EN] The sculpture was one of the best appearance of the human during the history. An artistic channel able to reflecte motions, feelings, experiences or moments...Thanks to her development, we have achieved an endless number of technical advances...and researches wich make possible that nowadays it could became a necessity for the society. The project is focus in how to reflec t the personal experiences in the sculpture area, emphasizing the concepts of life and death from the personal but also the group point of view. Supported also by a research from a variety of artists who are exemples in the final project. These artists, ha ve been able to reflectand show to the public their experiences, life lessons, emotions and memories in different stages of life. They made it through their method of work and knowing the concepts of Eros and Thánatos from another perspective. The personal project will be based in the sculture like the main idea, an artistic way that shows also my experiences, the most relevant, my father’s death before starting this stage of training. This sudden occurrence made me reconsidered what is essential in life, l ike face the problems along the time and discover the full happiness in oneself[ES] La escultura, ha sido una de las mejor es manifestaciones del ser humano durante su historia. Un canal artístico capaz de reflejar emociones, sentimientos, experiencias o momentos... Gracias al desarrollo de la misma, hemos logrado un sinfín de avances técnicos como de investigación que hacen pos ible que actualmente pueda llegar a ser una necesidad para la sociedad . El proyecto está enfocado en cómo reflejar las experiencias personales dentro del ámbito de la escultura, destacando los conceptos vida y muerte desde el punto de vista person al pero también colectivo. Apoyado también por una investigación de diversos artistas que han sido referentes en el trabajo final. Estos artistas, han sido capaces de reflejar y mostrar al público sus vivencias, experiencias, emociones y recuerdos, dentro de diversas etapas de la vida personal , por medio de su método de trabajo y conocer los conceptos de Eros y Thánatos desde otra perspectiva. El proyecto personal estará basado en la escultura como eje central, una forma artística que muestra a la vez pret ende ser como herramienta para expresar mis experiencias, la más importante, el fallecimiento de mi padre antes de iniciar esta etapa de formación. Este acontecimiento repentino hizo replantearme lo que es necesario en la vida, como afrontar las dificultad es a lo largo del tiempo y descubrir la felicidad plena en uno mismoMilla Royo, R. (2016). VIDA Y MUERTE EN LA ESCULTURA. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/76237.TFG

Imagen social del profesional enfermero según percepción de los pacientes de un establecimiento de Salud, Callao, 2023

Durante años, la Enfermería ha enfrentado estereotipos, siendo considerada principalmente femenina y dependiente de la medicina, sin un ámbito de competencia distinta. Sin embargo, en la última década, la disciplina de enfermería está experimentando cambios significativos. El objetivo del estudio fue identificar la imagen social del profesional enfermero según percepción de los pacientes de un establecimiento de salud, Callao, 2023. La investigación se realizó con un enfoque cuantitativo y descriptivo, utilizando un instrumento de recolección de datos creado por los investigadores, que demostró una validez de uno según el coeficiente V de Aiken y una confiabilidad de 0,929 según el Alfa de Cronbach. De los 132 usuarios encuestados, el 85,61% presentaron una percepción favorable, mientras que el 14,39% mostraron una percepción desfavorable. A partir de estos resultados, se deduce que la gran mayoría de los pacientes encuestados tienen una imagen favorable de los enfermeros profesionales en un establecimiento de salud Callao

Propuesta de un programa de autoestima para disminuir la violencia en el noviazgo dirigido a mujeres del distrito de Caraz – 2020

La presente investigación ha tenido como objetivo central proponer un programa de autoestima para disminuir la violencia en el noviazgo dirigido a mujeres del Distrito de Caraz - 2020. La población de estudio estuvo constituida por 1321, mujeres del Distrito de Caraz, Provincia de Huaylas, comprendidas entre las edades de 20 a 29 años. En relación con la muestra se optó por un margen de error de 10% con nivel de confianza del 90%, con el cual la población se define en 65 colaboradoras. El cuestionario de autoestima y el instrumento empleado fue el cuestionario de detección de la violencia basada en genero encontrándose que el nivel de autoestima en el 56% presenta un nivel bajo, mientras que el 32% en nivel medio y 12% en nivel elevado, en tanto que se observa que el 38% de las mujeres sufre violencia psicológica, mientras que el 24% maltrato psicológico y el 20% abuso sexual y 18% en negligencia. En base a ello se formuló una propuesta de intervención basada en la autoestima para disminuir la violencia en el noviazgo.Tesi

Evaluación de riesgo por sismo en el centro histórico de Huaraz, distrito de Huaraz, Huaraz - Ancash

El objetivo es identificar el peligro, la vulnerabilidad y el riesgo del centro histórico de Huaraz debido a la ocurrencia de un sismo. Mediante el uso del manual para la evaluación de riesgos originados por fenómenos naturales en su segunda versión elaborada por el Centro Nacional de Estimación, Prevención y Reducción del Riesgo de Desastre (CENEPRED) se pudo determinar los niveles y mapas de peligro, vulnerabilidad y riesgo. Realizado el trabajo de campo se pudo obtener información de los factores, condicionantes y desencadenantes que fueron relacionados mediante el método multicriterio para un análisis semi cuantitativo, que influirán en los 152 lotes evaluados, fue así que se encontró que 70 lotes presentan un nivel de peligro muy alto y 82 lotes presentan un nivel de peligro alto. Además, se determinó que 55 lotes presentan vulnerabilidad muy alta, 84 lotes vulnerabilidad alta y 13 lotes vulnerabilidad media. La superposición del mapa de peligro y el mapa de vulnerabilidad determinó el riesgo sísmico, encontrándose que el 37% de lotes están en riesgo muy alto y el 63% de lotes están en riesgo alto

A preliminary molecular phylogeny of shield-bearer moths (Lepidoptera: Adeloidea: Heliozelidae) highlights rich undescribed diversity

Heliozelidae are a widespread, evolutionarily early diverging family of small, day-flying monotrysian moths, for which a comprehensive phylogeny is lacking. We generated the first molecular phylogeny of the family using DNA sequences of two mitochondrial genes (COI and COII) and two nuclear genes (H3 and 28S) from 130 Heliozelidae specimens, including eight of the twelve known genera: Antispila, Antispilina, Coptodisca, Heliozela, Holocacista, Hoplophanes, Pseliastis, and Tyriozela. Our results provide strong support for five major Heliozelidae clades: (i) a large widespread clade containing the leaf-mining genera Antispilina, Coptodisca and Holocacista and some species of Antispila, (ii) a clade containing most of the described Antispila, (iii) a clade containing the leaf-mining genus Heliozela and the monotypic genus Tyriozela, (iv) an Australian clade containing Pseliastis and (v) an Australian clade containing Hoplophanes. Each clade includes several new species and potentially new genera. Collectively, our data uncover a rich and undescribed diversity that appears to be especially prevalent in Australia. Our work highlights the need for a major taxonomic revision of the family and for generating a robust molecular phylogeny using multi-gene approaches in order to resolve the relationships among clades

TRY plant trait database – enhanced coverage and open access

Plant traits - the morphological, anatomical, physiological, biochemical and phenological characteristics of plants - determine how plants respond to environmental factors, affect other trophic levels, and influence ecosystem properties and their benefits and detriments to people. Plant trait data thus represent the basis for a vast area of research spanning from evolutionary biology, community and functional ecology, to biodiversity conservation, ecosystem and landscape management, restoration, biogeography and earth system modelling. Since its foundation in 2007, the TRY database of plant traits has grown continuously. It now provides unprecedented data coverage under an open access data policy and is the main plant trait database used by the research community worldwide. Increasingly, the TRY database also supports new frontiers of trait‐based plant research, including the identification of data gaps and the subsequent mobilization or measurement of new data. To support this development, in this article we evaluate the extent of the trait data compiled in TRY and analyse emerging patterns of data coverage and representativeness. Best species coverage is achieved for categorical traits - almost complete coverage for ‘plant growth form’. However, most traits relevant for ecology and vegetation modelling are characterized by continuous intraspecific variation and trait–environmental relationships. These traits have to be measured on individual plants in their respective environment. Despite unprecedented data coverage, we observe a humbling lack of completeness and representativeness of these continuous traits in many aspects. We, therefore, conclude that reducing data gaps and biases in the TRY database remains a key challenge and requires a coordinated approach to data mobilization and trait measurements. This can only be achieved in collaboration with other initiatives

Multi-trait interactions, not phylogeny, fine-tune leaf size reduction with increasing altitude

Background and Aims: Despite long-held interest, knowledge on why leaf size varies widely among species is still incomplete. This study was conducted to assess whether abiotic factors, phylogenetic histories and multi-trait interactions act together to shape leaf size. Methods: Fifty-seven pairs of altitudinal vicariant species were selected in northern Spain, and leaf area and a number of functionally related leaf, shoot and whole plant traits were measured for each pair. Structural equation modelling helped unravel trait interactions affecting leaf size, and Mantel tests weighed the relative relevance of phylogeny, environment and trait interactions to explain leaf size reduction with altitude. Key Results: Leaves of highland vicariants were generally smaller than those of lowlands. However, the extent of leaf size reduction with increasing altitude was widely variable among genera: from approx. 700 cm2 reduction (96 % in Polystichum) to approx. 30 cm2 increase (37 % in Sorbus). This was partially explained by shifts in leaf, shoot and whole plant traits (35–64 % of explained variance, depending on models), with size/number trade-offs more influential than shifts in leaf form and leaf economics. Shifts in traits were more important than phylogenetic distances or site-specific environmental variation in explaining the degree of leaf size reduction with altitude. Conclusions: Ecological filters, constraints due to phylogenetic history (albeit modest in the study system), and phenotypic integration contribute jointly to shape single-trait evolution. Here, it was found that phenotypic change was far more important than shared ancestry to explaine leaf size differences of closely related species segregated along altitudes

Environmental and developmental controls on specific leaf area are little modified by leaf allometry

Recent work shows that large leaves tend to require higher biomass investments per unit leaf area than small leaves. As a consequence, specific leaf area (SLA), which is a focus trait for a bulk of physiological and ecological research programs, is dependent on leaf size variation. Here, we address whether size dependency alters the outcome of research dealing with SLA responses to environmental or developmental change. 2. We compiled lamina mass (M) and surface area (A) data for 2158 leaves of 26 species, coming from studies investigating the reaction of SLA to variation in rainfall, growth-season length, light intensity, atmospheric CO2, fire frequency, type of branch and leaf and plant age. We fitted the function M = α A β to the data of each experimental situation separately, and implemented a method to split SLA response as measured in the original study (SLAΔm) into response due to leaf size dependency (SLA Δa), and response due to treatment effects, after controlling for leaf size dependency (SLAΔt). 3. The sign of the reaction did not differ between SLAΔm and SLAΔt. However, the magnitude of that response changed for most contrasts, though in variable ways. 4. Conclusions of past experiments hold, for the most part, after re-analysis including size dependency. However, given the large heterogeneity found here, we advise that future work investigating SLA be prepared to account for leaf size dependency when the factors under focus are suspected to alter leaf size