Psychologists perceptions of English-speaking South African’s potential meaning attached to post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms

South Africa is characterised by high levels of trauma and multiple forms of violence exposure which are said to be causal factors in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Culture is imperative in constructing the reality of individuals as it provides the templates which are used to describe, understand, predict, and control the world within which individuals exist. Culture is regarded as being influential on the ways in which individuals ascribe meaning and make sense of their traumatic experiences and symptoms. Culture is also integral to the healing process as it influences and guides the illness narrative created by individuals. The aim of this study is to understand the potential meanings attached to PTSD symptoms and the role of culture on these meaning ascriptions. These meanings are explored through the perception of Mental Healthcare Practitioners. The study uses qualitative methodology; specifically, an exploratory and descriptive design. The sample is identified through non-probability purposive sampling, and the data is collected through semi-structured interviews. The data is analysed using thematic analysis which identified major themes of understanding and acceptance. These themes followed a non-linear and interactive process, and present participants ascribing varying meanings to their trauma experience, PTSD symptoms and/or PTSD diagnosis. These meanings are discussed through the interpretivist lens of social constructionism. The findings of the study identified that individuals within the white English-speaking cultural group tend to understand their traumatic experience, their symptoms of PTSD and/or their PTSD diagnosis from an individualistic frame of reference, whilst individuals from the coloured English speaking cultural group tend to understand their traumatic experience, their symptoms of PTSD and/or their PTSD diagnosis from a collective frame of reference.Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Health Sciences, 202

Psychologists perceptions of English-speaking South African’s potential meaning attached to post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms

South Africa is characterised by high levels of trauma and multiple forms of violence exposure which are said to be causal factors in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Culture is imperative in constructing the reality of individuals as it provides the templates which are used to describe, understand, predict, and control the world within which individuals exist. Culture is regarded as being influential on the ways in which individuals ascribe meaning and make sense of their traumatic experiences and symptoms. Culture is also integral to the healing process as it influences and guides the illness narrative created by individuals. The aim of this study is to understand the potential meanings attached to PTSD symptoms and the role of culture on these meaning ascriptions. These meanings are explored through the perception of Mental Healthcare Practitioners. The study uses qualitative methodology; specifically, an exploratory and descriptive design. The sample is identified through non-probability purposive sampling, and the data is collected through semi-structured interviews. The data is analysed using thematic analysis which identified major themes of understanding and acceptance. These themes followed a non-linear and interactive process, and present participants ascribing varying meanings to their trauma experience, PTSD symptoms and/or PTSD diagnosis. These meanings are discussed through the interpretivist lens of social constructionism. The findings of the study identified that individuals within the white English-speaking cultural group tend to understand their traumatic experience, their symptoms of PTSD and/or their PTSD diagnosis from an individualistic frame of reference, whilst individuals from the coloured English speaking cultural group tend to understand their traumatic experience, their symptoms of PTSD and/or their PTSD diagnosis from a collective frame of reference.Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Health Sciences, 202

Encuesta Cuantitativa Bogotá METAL 2009. Resultados preliminares

En el marco del programa METAL Metrópolis de América Latina en la globalización :reconfiguraciones territoriales, movilidad espacial, acción pública" que se desarrolla desde finales de 2007 con el apoyo financiero de la Agencia francesa de investigación (ANR) y de la Agencia francesa interinstitucional de investigación para el desarrollo (AIRD), hemos diseñado y aplicado en Bogotá, Santiago y São Paulo un sistema de encuestas que tiene como objetivo permitir un análisis fino de las diferentes formas de movilidad de la población y de las transformaciones que ellas ejercen en las tres metrópolis.Con el presente informe, nos esforzamos en poner a disposición de las personas o instituciones interesadas una serie de cuadros que abarquen los principales temas de la encuesta: características demográficas generales, acceso a la vivienda, movilidad residencial, movilidad cotidiana hasta el lugar de trabajo y el lugar de estudio, educación y actividad económica. Esta información no representa sino una pequeña parte de la información recolectada, procesada con el objetivo de mejorar, aun parcialmente, el conocimiento sobre los mecanismos actuales de poblamiento de Bogotá, a través de una serie de datos sobre la situación demográfica y los procesos actuales de movilidad espacial, tales como fueron observados en junio de 2009 en unas 11 zonas de Bogotá y de la periferia metropolitana."Características demográficas -Vivienda - Migración - Movilidad residencial -Movilidad cotidiana - Educación - Actividad económica.

Encuestas movilidad espacial Bogotá METAL 2009. Metodología de las encuestas

Bogotá : Universidad de los Andes–Facultad de Economía–Cede, 2011. - (Documentos CEDE ; 23). - Accès en ligne - PDF - https://economia.uniandes.edu.co/components/com_booklibrary/ebooks/dcede2011-23.pdfEn el marco del programa METAL Metrópolis de América Latina en la globalización:reconfiguraciones territoriales, movilidad espacial, acción pública" que se desarrolla desde finales de 2007 con el apoyo financiero de la Agencia francesa de investigación (ANR) y de la Agencia francesa interinstitucional de investigación para el desarrollo (AIRD), hemos diseñado y aplicado un sistema de encuestas en Bogotá, Santiago y São Paulo, que tiene como objetivo permitir un análisis fino de las diferentes formas de movilidad de la población y de las transformaciones que ellas ejercen en las tres metrópolis. Con la metodología desarrollada se pretende captar no solamente el conjunto de las formas de movilidad, cualquiera sea su definición temporal y espacial, sino también su articulación en el transcurso de las etapas del ciclo de vida de las personas y en el seno del grupo familiar. El presente informe está dedicado a la presentación de la metodología del sistema de encuestas sobre movilidad espacial que se aplicó en Bogotá entre Abril y Noviembre de 2009.Después de una primera parte dedicada a la justificación del diseño del sistema de observación, presentamos los diferentes elementos de la metodología aplicada para esta investigación: diseño de los formularios de encuesta, método y diseño del muestreo. En una cuarta parte del informe, se muestran unas primeras conclusiones en términos de factibilidad y pertinencia del enfoque empleado. En los anexos, se hace una presentación de todo el material de encuesta: cuestionarios, manuales y fichas.

Ventajas competitivas de las empresas de telefonía móvil en América Latina: Análisis desde la perspectiva de los grupos estratégicos

El objetivo del presente artículo es estudiar la estructura de la industria de telefonía móvil en los países latinoamericanos, identificando la existencia de grupos estratégicos así como analizando las diferencias de desempeño empresarial entre los mismos. El propósito final es identificar las ventajas competitivas de los grupos con mejor desempeño, así como las estrategias que les han llevado a conseguirlo. El análisis empírico se ha llevado a cabo utilizando datos de una muestra de las 22 empresas latinoamericanas con mayor capitalización bursátil de la industria en el año 2013. Los resultados revelan la existencia de cinco grupos estratégicos y la presencia de diferencias significativas en el desempeño empresarial intergrupal. Las variables determinantes de las ventajas competitivas de los grupos con mejor desempeño son la cuota de mercado, el número de suscriptores y la fidelidad de los clientes

Chromatin targeting of the RNF12/RLIM E3 ubiquitin ligase controls transcriptional responses

Protein ubiquitylation regulates key biological processes including transcription. This is exemplified by the E3 ubiquitin ligase RNF12/RLIM, which controls developmental gene expression by ubiquitylating the REX1 transcription factor and is mutated in an X-linked intellectual disability disorder. However, the precise mechanisms by which ubiquitylation drives specific transcriptional responses are not known. Here, we show that RNF12 is recruited to specific genomic locations via a consensus sequence motif, which enables co-localisation with REX1 substrate at gene promoters. Surprisingly, RNF12 chromatin recruitment is achieved via a non-catalytic basic region and comprises a previously unappreciated N-terminal autoinhibitory mechanism. Furthermore, RNF12 chromatin targeting is critical for REX1 ubiquitylation and downstream RNF12-dependent gene regulation. Our results demonstrate a key role for chromatin in regulation of the RNF12-REX1 axis and provide insight into mechanisms by which protein ubiquitylation enables programming of gene expression.</p

Chromatin targeting of the RNF12/RLIM E3 ubiquitin ligase controls transcriptional responses

Protein ubiquitylation regulates key biological processes including transcription. This is exemplified by the E3 ubiquitin ligase RNF12/RLIM, which controls developmental gene expression by ubiquitylating the REX1 transcription factor and is mutated in an X-linked intellectual disability disorder. However, the precise mechanisms by which ubiquitylation drives specific transcriptional responses are not known. Here, we show that RNF12 is recruited to specific genomic locations via a consensus sequence motif, which enables co-localisation with REX1 substrate at gene promoters. Surprisingly, RNF12 chromatin recruitment is achieved via a non-catalytic basic region and comprises a previously unappreciated N-terminal autoinhibitory mechanism. Furthermore, RNF12 chromatin targeting is critical for REX1 ubiquitylation and downstream RNF12-dependent gene regulation. Our results demonstrate a key role for chromatin in regulation of the RNF12-REX1 axis and provide insight into mechanisms by which protein ubiquitylation enables programming of gene expression.</p

The hippocampus as the switchboard between perception and memory.

Adaptive memory recall requires a rapid and flexible switch from external perceptual reminders to internal mnemonic representations. However, owing to the limited temporal or spatial resolution of brain imaging modalities used in isolation, the hippocampal–cortical dynamics supporting this process remain unknown. We thus employed an object-scene cued recall paradigm across two studies, including intracranial electroencephalography (iEEG) and high-density scalp EEG. First, a sustained increase in hippocampal high gamma power (55 to 110 Hz) emerged 500 ms after cue onset and distinguished successful vs. unsuccessful recall. This increase in gamma power for successful recall was followed by a decrease in hippocampal alpha power (8 to 12 Hz). Intriguingly, the hippocampal gamma power increase marked the moment at which extrahippocampal activation patterns shifted from perceptual cue toward mnemonic target representations. In parallel, source-localized EEG alpha power revealed that the recall signal progresses from hippocampus to posterior parietal cortex and then to medial prefrontal cortex. Together, these results identify the hippocampus as the switchboard between perception and memory and elucidate the ensuing hippocampal–cortical dynamics supporting the recall process.post-print1844 K

Chromatin targeting of the RNF12/RLIM E3 ubiquitin ligase controls transcriptional responses

Protein ubiquitylation regulates key biological processes including transcription. This isexemplified by the E3 ubiquitin ligase RNF12/RLIM, which controls developmental geneexpression by ubiquitylating the REX1 transcription factor and is mutated in an X-linkedintellectual disability disorder. However, the precise mechanisms by which ubiquitylationdrives specific transcriptional responses are not known. Here, we show that RNF12 isrecruited to specific genomic locations via a consensus sequence motif, which enables colocalisationwith REX1 substrate at gene promoters. Surprisingly, RNF12 chromatinrecruitment is achieved via a non-catalytic basic region and comprises a previouslyunappreciated N-terminal autoinhibitory mechanism. Furthermore, RNF12 chromatintargeting is critical for REX1 ubiquitylation and downstream RNF12-dependent generegulation. Our results demonstrate a key role for chromatin in regulation of the RNF12-REX1axis and provide insight into mechanisms by which protein ubiquitylation enablesprogramming of gene expression

Caspase-dependent immunogenicity of doxorubicin-induced tumor cell death

Systemic anticancer chemotherapy is immunosuppressive and mostly induces nonimmunogenic tumor cell death. Here, we show that even in the absence of any adjuvant, tumor cells dying in response to anthracyclins can elicit an effective antitumor immune response that suppresses the growth of inoculated tumors or leads to the regression of established neoplasia. Although both antracyclins and mitomycin C induced apoptosis with caspase activation, only anthracyclin-induced immunogenic cell death was immunogenic. Caspase inhibition by Z-VAD-fmk or transfection with the baculovirus inhibitor p35 did not inhibit doxorubicin (DX)-induced cell death, yet suppressed the immunogenicity of dying tumor cells in several rodent models of neoplasia. Depletion of dendritic cells (DCs) or CD8+T cells abolished the immune response against DX-treated apoptotic tumor cells in vivo. Caspase inhibition suppressed the capacity of DX-killed cells to be phagocytosed by DCs, yet had no effect on their capacity to elicit DC maturation. Freshly excised tumors became immunogenic upon DX treatment in vitro, and intratumoral inoculation of DX could trigger the regression of established tumors in immunocompetent mice. These results delineate a procedure for the generation of cancer vaccines and the stimulation of anti-neoplastic immune responses in vivo