TRABALHO DOMÉSTICO: A OPRESSÃO EM FORMA DE CUIDADO

O artigo teve como objetivo visibilizar a situação de opressão decorrente do trabalho precário realizado por trabalhadoras domésticas durante a pandemia. O estudo se concretizou a partir de um caso dramático, resultado da cultura escravocrata, a morte de uma criança ao acompanhar a sua mãe ao trabalho durante a pandemia. Tratou-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, elaborada no diálogo entre a epistemologia feminista, a interseccionalidade e os diferentes saberes. Fez-se uso de fontes documentais, decretos, notícias de jornais e dados estatísticos. Os resultados apontaram as desigualdades de gênero, raça e classe social, e que a categoria profissional de empregada doméstica, com maior representatividade feminina do Brasil, foi diretamente afetada pela pandemia, pelo risco de contaminação durante deslocamentos, nas residências em que trabalham, ou pela dispensa dos seus trabalhos, sem cobertura salarial

COMT and MAO-A Polymorphisms and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: A Family-Based Association Study

ObjectiveObsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a common and debilitating psychiatric illness. Although a genetic component contributes to its etiology, no single gene or mechanism has been identified to the OCD susceptibility. the catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) and monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A) genes have been investigated in previous OCD studies, but the results are still unclear. More recently, Taylor (2013) in a comprehensive meta-analysis of genetic association studies has identified COMT and MAO-A polymorphisms involved with OCD. in an effort to clarify the role of these two genes in OCD vulnerability, a family-based association investigation was performed as an alternative strategy to the classical case-control design.MethodsTransmission disequilibrium analyses were performed after genotyping 13 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (eight in COMT and five in MAO-A) in 783 OCD trios (probands and their parents). Four different OCD phenotypes (from narrow to broad OCD definitions) and a SNP x SNP epistasis were also analyzed.ResultsOCD, broad and narrow phenotypes, were not associated with any of the investigated COMT and MAO-A polymorphisms. in addition, the analyses of gene-gene interaction did not show significant epistatic influences on phenotype between COMT and MAO-A.ConclusionsThe findings do not support an association between DSM-IV OCD and the variants of COMT or MAO-A. However, results from this study cannot exclude the contribution of these genes in the manifestation of OCD. the evaluation of broader spectrum phenotypes could help to understand the role of these and other genes in the pathophysiology of OCD and its spectrum disorders.Brazilian governmental agenciesConselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Fundo de Aprimoramento Academico (FUAA-Grant for Academic Improvement)Department of Psychiatry University of São Paulo School of MedicineUniv São Paulo, Fac Med, Dept & Inst Psychiat, São Paulo, SP, BrazilUniv Fed Bahia, Serv Med Univ, Salvador, BA, BrazilUniv Pernambuco, Fac Ciencias Med, Recife, PE, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, BrazilBritish Columbia Mental Hlth & Addict Res Inst, Vancouver, BC, CanadaMassachusetts Gen Hosp, PNGU, Boston, MA 02114 USAMassachusetts Gen Hosp, Ctr Human Genet Res, Boston, MA 02114 USAUniv Calif San Francisco, Dept Psychiat, San Francisco, CA USAHosp Sick Children, Program Genet & Genome Biol, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, CanadaUniv Michigan, Dept Psychiat, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USASunnybrook Hlth Sci Ctr, Frederick W Thompson Anxiety Disorders Ctr, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, CanadaUniv Toronto, Ctr Addict & Mental Hlth, Toronto, ON, CanadaUniv Fed Rio de Janeiro, Inst Psiquiatria, IPUB, Programa Ansiedade & Depressao, Rio de Janeiro, BrazilUniv São Paulo, Inst Math & Stat, Dept Stat, São Paulo, SP, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, BrazilCNPq: 573974/2008-0FAPESP: 2005/55628-08FAPESP: 2008/57896-8Web of Scienc

Treatments used for obsessive-compulsive disorder-An international perspective

© 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to characterise international trends in the use of psychotropic medication, psychological therapies, and novel therapies used to treat obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). METHODS: Researchers in the field of OCD were invited to contribute summary statistics on the characteristics of their samples. Consistency of summary statistics across countries was evaluated. RESULTS: The study surveyed 19 expert centres from 15 countries (Argentina, Australia, Brazil, China, Germany, Greece, India, Italy, Japan, Mexico, Portugal, South Africa, Spain, the United Kingdom, and the United States) providing a total sample of 7,340 participants. Fluoxetine (n = 972; 13.2%) and fluvoxamine (n = 913; 12.4%) were the most commonly used selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor medications. Risperidone (n = 428; 7.3%) and aripiprazole (n = 415; 7.1%) were the most commonly used antipsychotic agents. Neurostimulation techniques such as transcranial magnetic stimulation, deep brain stimulation, gamma knife surgery, and psychosurgery were used in less than 1% of the sample. There was significant variation in the use and accessibility of exposure and response prevention for OCD. CONCLUSIONS: The variation between countries in treatments used for OCD needs further evaluation. Exposure and response prevention is not used as frequently as guidelines suggest and appears difficult to access in most countries. Updated treatment guidelines are recommended.Peer reviewe

Testagem, Quarentena e Telemonitoramento Da Covid-19 na Atenção Básica: Reflexões das Experiências da Gestão e Assistência

The initial cases of Covid-19, originating in China, triggered a pandemic, exposing deficiencies in the healthcare system. The project "Expansion of Testing, Quarantine, and Telemonitoring Strategies to Contribute to Confronting the Covid-19 Pandemic in Brazil" emerged in response to this crisis. This article aims to recount the project's experience in tackling the Covid-19 pandemic in primary healthcare. Monitors operated between June 2022 and February 2023 in Family Health Units and Basic Health Units in Salvador, Bahia. Their activities included supporting the implementation of the strategy, resource organization, conducting sociobehavioral research, and providing guidance to healthcare workers and users. The participation of monitors as intermediaries between healthcare professionals, bureaucratic demands, and users facilitated communication, testing, and research. Outreach strategies, such as meetings, local radio broadcasts, social media, and the distribution of pamphlets, resulted in increased community adherence to testing and participation in the research. However, challenges emerged due to insecurity in certain neighborhoods, impacting access to healthcare services. The contribution of monitors to the expansion of the strategy strengthened the research, enabling the systematization of care, dynamic operations, and ensuring qualified and safe attention.Los primeros casos de Covid-19, originados en China, desencadenaron una pandemia, evidenciando deficiencias en el sistema de salud. El proyecto "Expansión de Estrategias de Pruebas, Cuarentena y Telemonitoreo para Contribuir en la Enfrentamiento de la Pandemia de Covid-19 en Brasil" surgió como respuesta a esta crisis. Este artículo busca relatar la experiencia del proyecto en la lucha contra la pandemia de Covid-19 en la atención primaria de la salud. Los monitores trabajaron entre junio de 2022 y febrero de 2023 en Unidades de Salud de la Familia y Unidades Básicas de Salud en Salvador, Bahía. Sus actividades incluyeron apoyo a la implementación de la estrategia, organización de recursos, aplicación de investigaciones sociocomportamentales y orientación a trabajadores de la salud y usuarios. La participación de los monitores como mediadores entre profesionales de la salud, demandas burocráticas y usuarios facilitó la comunicación, la realización de pruebas y la investigación. Estrategias de divulgación, como reuniones, radios locales, redes sociales y distribución de folletos, resultaron en una mayor adhesión comunitaria a las pruebas y en la participación en la investigación. Sin embargo, surgieron desafíos debido a la inseguridad en ciertos barrios, afectando el acceso a los servicios de salud. La contribución de los monitores en la expansión de la estrategia fortaleció la investigación, permitiendo la sistematización de la asistencia, operaciones dinámicas y garantizando atención calificada y segura.Os primeiros casos de Covid-19, originados na China, desencadearam uma pandemia, evidenciando deficiências no sistema de saúde. O projeto "Expansão das Estratégias de Testagem, Quarentena e Telemonitoramento para Contribuir no Enfrentamento da Pandemia de Covid-19 no Brasil" surgiu como resposta a essa crise. Este artigo busca relatar a experiência dos de projeto no enfrentamento da pandemia de Covid-19 na atenção básica à saúde. Os monitores atuaram entre junho de 2022 e fevereiro de 2023 em Unidades de Saúde da Família e Unidades Básicas de Saúde em Salvador, Bahia. Suas atividades incluíram apoio à implementação da estratégia, organização de recursos, aplicação de pesquisas sociocomportamentais e orientação a trabalhadores da saúde e usuários. A participação dos monitores como mediadores entre profissionais de saúde, demandas burocráticas e usuários facilitou a comunicação, a realização de testes e a pesquisa. Estratégias de divulgação, como reuniões, rádios locais, redes sociais e distribuição de folhetos, resultaram em maior adesão comunitária aos testes e na participação na pesquisa. Contudo, desafios surgiram devido à insegurança em determinados bairros, impactando o acesso aos serviços de saúde. A contribuição dos monitores na expansão da estratégia fortaleceu a pesquisa, permitindo a sistematização da assistência, operações dinâmicas e garantindo atenção qualificada e segura

Peculiaridades do transtorno obsessivo-compulsivo na infância e na adolescência

<abstract language="eng">Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) has a bimodal age of onset and a range of treatment outcomes. Although most of the studies carried out so far have considered childhood and adult forms of OCD as the same disorder, more recent data have suggested that OCD children, as well as adults with an early onset of their obsessive-compulsive symptoms, may represent a distinct subgroup. This review briefly summarizes the most common clinical characteristics of the OCD presentation in children and adolescents, shows data reinforcing the idea that age of onset may be an important distinguishing feature and discusses the importance of a systematic assessment of age of onset for identifying more homogeneous subgroups of OCD patients

Novel anthraquinone derivatives produced by Pestalotiopsis guepinii, an endophytic of the medicinal plant Virola michelii (Myristicaceae)

Um novo derivado de antraquinona, denominado guepinone (1), juntamente com as conhecidas substâncias isossulocrina (2) e cloroissosulocrina (3) foram isolados de uma cultura em arroz de Pestalotiopsis guepinii, um fungo endofitico de Virola michelii. Os compostos foram identificados pela análise de seus dados espectrométricos de RMN 1D e 2D e EM. A atividade antimicrobiana dos compostos isolados foi avaliada e a cloroisossulcrina (3) foi a mais ativa.ABSTRACT: A new anthraquinone derivative, named guepinone (1), along with the known substances isosulochrin (2) and chloroisosulochrin (3), were isolated from a rice culture of Pestalotiopsis guepinii, an endophytic fungus of Virola michelii. The compounds were identified by analysis of 1D and 2D NMR and MS spectral data. The antimicrobial activity of these compounds was evaluated and chloroisosulchrin (3) was the most active

The rates of co-occurring behavioural addictions in treatment-seeking individuals with obsessive-compulsive disorder: a preliminary report

©2020 The Authors. This is an accepted manuscript of an article published by Taylor & Francis in International Journal of Psychiatry in Clinical Practice on 9 Jan 2020, available online: https://doi.org/10.1080/13651501.2019.1711424Objectives: To assess the rates of co-occurring putative ‘behavioural addictions’ in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Methods: Twenty-three international centres specialising in the treatment of OCD were invited to participate in a survey of the rates of behavioural addictions and other relevant comorbidity within their samples. Results: Sixteen of 23 (69.6%) invited centres from 13 countries had sufficient data to participate in the survey. The use of validated diagnostic tools was discrepant, with most centres relying on a ‘clinical diagnosis’ to diagnose behavioural addictions. The final sample comprised of 6916 patients with a primary diagnosis of OCD. The reported rates of behavioural addictions were as follows: 8.7% for problematic internet use, 6.8% for compulsive sexual behaviour disorder, 6.4% for compulsive buying, 4.1% for gambling disorder and 3.4% for internet gaming disorder. Conclusions: Behavioural addictions should be better assessed for patients with OCD. The absence of diagnostic scales developed specifically for behavioural addictions and overlapping obsessive-compulsive phenomena such as compulsive checking of information on the internet may explain the relatively high rate of problematic internet use in this sample. The study encourages better efforts to assess and to conceptualise the relatedness of behavioural addictions to obsessive-compulsive ‘spectrum’ disorders.Peer reviewedFinal Accepted Versio