Predicción de la aceptación o rechazo de las calificaciones finales propuestas por el alumnado usando técnicas de Minería de Datos

Una posible alternativa o complemento a las técnicas clásicas de evaluación es la utilización de técnicas de autoevaluación (self-grading o self-assessment) que es un proceso en el que es el propio estudiante el que juzga los logros conseguidos respecto a una tarea o actividad determinada. Sin embargo, antes de poder incluirla en un programa educativo, es necesario evaluar la fiabilidad del proceso y compararlo con los métodos tradicionales que actualmente utiliza el profesorado. Siguiendo esta idea, el presente trabajo propone una me-todología basada en la minería de datos y la autoevaluación con el fin de validar la autocalificación de los estudiantes. Nuestro objetivo es predecir si el instructor podría aceptar o no las calificaciones propuestas por los estudiantes en un curso. Nuestra experiencia empírica sobre 53 estudiantes universitarios de informática sugiere que son necesarios 1) una distinción en el tipo de errores que puede cometer el clasificador, pues no es lo mismo no aceptar la nota propuesta de un estudiante que realmente puede sacar dicha nota, que aceptar la de otro que no estaría capacitado para obtenerla; 2) una vigilancia sobre dichos errores; y 3) considerar medidas de rendimiento del estudiante durante el curso, sobre las cuales las predicciones parecen tener una gran dependencia.An alternative or complement to classic assessment methodologies is the use of self-grading or self-assessment, which is a process where the own student judges and evaluates his/her achievements with regards to particular tasks or activities. However, it is necessary to evaluate the reliability of the process before considering it in a learning program, and to compare it with traditional methods that teachers apply at the moment. According to this idea, this work proposes a methodology based on data-mining and self-assessment with the aim of validating the mark that students propose. Our objective is to predict whether the teacher might or might not accept these marks. Our empirical experience on 53 university students suggests that it is needed 1) a distinction between the type of errors of the possible built classifier, given that it is usually preferable not to accept the mark proposed by a student that can get it, than to accept the mark proposed by a student that can not get it; 2) an inspection on particular cases where students might deceive the system; and 3) to consider student performance measures along the course, by which predictions have shown to be strongly determined

Operational modal analysis: a tool for assessing changes on structural health state of historical constructions after consolidation and reinforcement Works-Jura Chapel (Jerez de la Frontera, Spain)

Today’s society is sensitive to the architectural heritage conservation. This implies to perform works to maintain these buildings and to assure their structural security. In the last years, the structural analysis of historical masonry constructions has experienced a great progress, thanks to the use of techniques based on the study of the dynamic properties of building structures. In this context, changes on the structural health state of a building are one of the elements that can be assessed considering changes on their dynamic properties. This is useful to evaluate the effectiveness of structural interventions on this kind of buildings by analysing these properties before and after it. This paper focuses on the Jura Chapel, in Jerez de la Frontera (Spain). This chapel is part of San Juan de los Caballeros Church and is dated from the 15th century. In 2015 and after the identification of some structural damages in the chapel vault, an intervention was initiated to improve its structural behaviour and to recover its original appearance. The present work reports the evaluation of the effects that this intervention has on the structural health state of the building, using nondestructive techniques based on ambient vibration tests (AVT) and Operational Modal Analysis (OMA). The AVT were performed for both prerestored and restored states and under environmental loads. A discussion about the validity of doing AVT from extrados when a vault presents disconnection between ribs and web is included in the paper. As a result, the first five natural frequency values have increased while the corresponding mode shapes have not changed significantly. This proves a structural health improvement caused by the repairing process without changing the original behaviour of the structure. This work shows OMA capabilities for evaluating the effectiveness of intervention works on the health state of a historical masonry structure

Predicción de la aceptación o rechazo de las calificaciones finales propuestas por el alumnado usando técnicas de Minería de Datos

Una posible alternativa o complemento a las técnicas clásicas de evaluación es la utilización de técnicas de autoevaluación (self-grading o self-assessment) que es un proceso en el que es el propio estudiante el que juzga los logros conseguidos respecto a una tarea o actividad determinada. Sin embargo, antes de poder incluirla en un programa educativo, es necesario evaluar la fiabilidad del proceso y compararlo con los métodos tradicionales que actualmente utiliza el profesorado. Siguiendo esta idea, el presente trabajo propone una metodología basada en la minería de datos y la autoevaluación con el fin de validar la auto-calificación de los estudiantes. Nuestro objetivo es predecir si el instructor podría aceptar o no las calificaciones propuestas por los estudiantes en un curso. Nuestra experiencia empírica sobre 53 estudiantes universitarios de informática sugiere que son necesarios 1) una distinción en el tipo de errores que puede cometer el clasificador, pues no es lo mismo no aceptar la nota propuesta de un estudiante que realmente puede sacar dicha nota, que aceptar la de otro que no estaría capacitado para obtenerla; 2) una vigilancia sobre dichos errores; y 3) considerar medidas de rendimiento del estudiante durante el curso, sobre las cuales las predicciones parecen tener una gran dependencia.An alternative or complement to classic assessment methodologies is the use of self-grading or self-assessment, which is a process where the own student judges and evaluates his/her achievements with regards to particular tasks or activities. However, it is necessary to evaluate the reliability of the process before considering it in a learning program, and to compare it with traditional methods that teachers apply at the moment. According to this idea, this work proposes a methodology based on data-mining and self-assessment with the aim of validating the mark that students propose. Our objective is to predict whether the teacher might or might not accept these marks. Our empirical experience on 53 university students suggests that it is needed 1) a distinction between the type of errors of the possible built classifier, given that it is usually preferable not to accept the mark proposed by a student that can get it, than to accept the mark proposed by a student that can not get it; 2) an inspection on particular cases where students might deceive the system; and 3) to consider student performance measures along the course, by which predictions have shown to be strongly determined.Este trabajo fue apoyado por el Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnología con el proyecto TIN2014-55252-P y por la Universidad de Córdoba con el proyecto de innovación docente 2015-2-5021

Using Inverse Reinforcement Learning with Real Trajectories to Get More Trustworthy Pedestrian Simulation

Reinforcement learning is one of the most promising machine learning techniques to get intelligent behaviors for embodied agents in simulations. The output of the classic Temporal Difference family of Reinforcement Learning algorithms adopts the form of a value function expressed as a numeric table or a function approximator. The learned behavior is then derived using a greedy policy with respect to this value function. Nevertheless, sometimes the learned policy does not meet expectations, and the task of authoring is difficult and unsafe because the modification of one value or parameter in the learned value function has unpredictable consequences in the space of the policies it represents. This invalidates direct manipulation of the learned value function as a method to modify the derived behaviors. In this paper, we propose the use of Inverse Reinforcement Learning to incorporate real behavior traces in the learning process to shape the learned behaviors, thus increasing their trustworthiness (in terms of conformance to reality). To do so, we adapt the Inverse Reinforcement Learning framework to the navigation problem domain. Specifically, we use Soft Q-learning, an algorithm based on the maximum causal entropy principle, with MARL-Ped (a Reinforcement Learning-based pedestrian simulator) to include information from trajectories of real pedestrians in the process of learning how to navigate inside a virtual 3D space that represents the real environment. A comparison with the behaviors learned using a Reinforcement Learning classic algorithm (Sarsa(λ)) shows that the Inverse Reinforcement Learning behaviors adjust significantly better to the real trajectories

IARespira design and development experiences of a Non-Invasive Mechanical Ventilator for COVID-19

La irrupción de la pandemia de COVID-19 en febrero de 2020 y la velocidad de propagación entre la población a nivel mundial de la enfermedad, provocó una demanda inusitada de ventiladores mecánicos, producto de los efectos reactivos al virus en el sistema respiratorio de las personas. El acelerado incremento de pacientes infectados graves, sobre exigió a los servicios de atención médica causando un colapso general del sistema de salud. El área de Transferencia de Tecnología del Instituto Argentino de Radioastronomía (IAR) reaccionó al problema iniciando el diseño y desarrollo de un ventilador mecánico no invasivo (VMNI) de bajo costo, denominado IARespira, para la asistencia a pacientes de gravedad moderada, durante el brote de COVID-19. El VMNI trabaja con un control de presión con tres modos de ventilación posibles: CPAP (presión positiva continua en las vías respiratorias), BiPAP (presión positiva de dos niveles) y Asistida/Controlada. Además, el proyecto propone una solución a la dificultad de acceso a insumos críticos con elementos disponibles principalmente en el mercado local. El diseño se orientó para una rápida fabricación y pronta disponibilidad en los centros de salud de la Argentina.The surge of COVID-19 in February 2020 and its spread among the population worldwide, caused an unusual demand of mechanical ventilators due to the effects of the disease on the respiratory system of the patients. The rapid growth of acute cases stressed care units and menaced to produce the general collapse of health systems. In response to such a situation, the Technology Transfer area of the Argentine Institute of Radio Astronomy (IAR), initiated the design and development of a non-invasive mechanical ventilator (NIMV or NIV), so-called IARespira, for the treatment of moderate COVID-19 patients during the outbreak. The NIV works as a pressure control device with three ventilation modes: CPAP, BiPAP and Assisted/Controlled. The device was designed taking into account the availability restrictions to critical resources, mainly in the local market. Its design was oriented towards a rapid manufacture and distribution to the several health centers across Argentina.Secretaría de Ciencia y Técnic

Influence of the demagnetizing factor on the magnetocaloric effect: Critical scaling and numerical simulations

In recent years, the magnetocaloric effect is studied not only for the search of potential magnetic refrigerant materials but also for the analysis of critical phenomena. In both cases, the demagnetizing field might have a notable influence on the results. In this work, we carry out a systematic study, based on theoretical simulations, of the influence of the demagnetizing factor on the magnetocaloric properties. On the one hand, we show that demagnetizing factor affects only slightly the magnetic entropy change ( D S M ), reducing its magnitude and shifting the peak to higher temperatures. On the other hand, it dramatically affects the exponent n of field dependence ð D S M / H n Þ at temperatures below the peak. We demonstrate that scaling of the magnetocaloric curves can be used to remove the influence of the demagnetizing field and, to which extent, critical exponent determination can be affected. Results of numerical simulations are compared with experimental data from a ball milled powder alloy

Criterios de ejecución iso 22000:2018 caso estudio sector: producción de queso doble crema.

En Colombia el sector lácteo ha venido creciendo considerablemente, reportando una producción anual de 7500 millones de litros de leche y un consumo per cápita de 156 L (Fedegan, 2021), lo que representa un 12% del PIB del país (Gov, 2020). Específicamente, en la región del Meta (zona del caso de estudio), se presenta también, un óptimo crecimiento con aproximadamente (755,345 L diarios) y una participación del 4,0% (Minagricultura, 2020). A partir de la leche, se obtienen diferentes subproductos dentro de los que se destacan los quesos, los yogures, mantequillas, sueros entre otros, que han logrado ampliar el mercado lácteo dentro del territorio nacional. Teniendo en cuenta lo anterior, para el estudio del caso se realizará un análisis detallado de la microempresa Fanaprolac, ubicada en el municipio de Puerto Concordia en el departamento del Meta, que fue creada en el 2018 y cuyo principal producto es el queso doble crema obtenido de la leche producida en el sector ganadero de la región. Se busca obtener un producto de alta calidad, buen sabor, excelente textura, óptima durabilidad, que cumpla con las buenas prácticas de manufactura e inocuidad alimentaria para competir activamente en el mercado local. La microempresa actualmente cuenta con un equipo de trabajo conformado por el Gerente, asistente, operario encargado de recibir la materia prima (leche proveniente de las distintas fincas) y dos operarios encargados del proceso de transformación.n Colombia, the dairy sector has been growing considerably, reporting an annual production of 7.5 billion liters of milk and a per capita consumption of 156 L (Fedegan, 2021), which represents 12% of the country’s GDP (Gov, 2020). Specifically, in the Meta region (area of the study case), there is also an optimal growth with approximately (755,345 L per day) and a participation of 4.0% (Minagricultura, 2020). From milk, different by-products are obtained, including cheeses, yogurts, butters, serums, among others, which have managed to expand the dairy market within the national territory. Taking into account the above, for the case study a detailed analysis will be carried out of the Fanaprolac microenterprise, located in the municipality of Puerto Concordia in the department of Meta, whic

Improvement proposal for BIM methodology in Marval S.A. construction company.

La implementación de BIM en la industria AEC se ha incrementado a lo largo de varios países durante los últimos años, la aplicación de esta metodología junto con todas las herramientas tecnológicas ha favorecido el trabajo colaborativo en las diferentes etapas del proyecto. Marval S.A. es una constructora reconocida a nivel nacional por ser una de las empresas más grandes de la construcción, sin embargo, la adopción de la metodología en la compañía se encuentra en etapas muy tempranas de la adopción. El objetivo del presente estudio es realizar un diagnóstico organizacional con base en literatura y referentes internacionales exitosos, con el fin de plantear a Marval, una propuesta de valor que les permita ser más competitivos y adaptarse a las nuevas tecnologías que están revolucionando el campo de la construcción. El documento se estructura mencionando una breve introducción, el planteamiento de objetivos, la justificación del proyecto, un marco de referencia, el marco institucional, el diseño metodológico, el diagnóstico organizacional, la propuesta de mejora y finaliza con unas conclusiones y recomendaciones que permitirán a Marval S.A visualizar objetivos y acoger opciones de mejora a la metodología BIM en la constructora Marval S.AThe implementation of BIM in the AEC industry has increased throughout several countries during the last years, the application of this methodology together with all the technological tools has favored the collaborative work in the different stages of the project. Marval S.A. is a nationally recognized construction company for being one of the largest construction companies, however, the adoption of the methodology in the company is in very early stages of adoption. The objective of this study is to make an organizational diagnosis based on literature and successful international references, in order to propose to Marval, a value proposition that allows them to be more competitive and adapt to the new technologies that are revolutionizing the field of construction. The document is structured by mentioning a brief introduction, the approach of objectives, the justification of the project, a frame of reference, the institutional framework, the methodological design, the organizational diagnosis, the improvement proposal and ends with conclusions and recommendations that will allow Marval S.A to visualize objectives and welcome options for improvement to the BIM methodology in the construction company Marval S.A.Magíster en Gerencia de ProyectosMaestrí