A Model of Rhythm Transcription as Path Selection Through Approximate Common Divisor Graphs

We apply the concept of approximated common divisors (ACDs) to estimate the tempo and quantize the durations of a rhythmic sequence. The ACD models the duration of the tatum within the sequence, giving its rate in beats per minute. The rhythm input, a series of timestamps, is first split into overlapping frames. Then, we compute the possible ACDs that fit this frame and build a graph with the candidate ACDs as nodes. By building this graph, we transform the quantization problem into one of path selection, where the nodes represent the ACDs and determine the note values of the transcription and the edges represent tempo transitions between frames. A path through the graph thus corresponds to a rhythm transcription. For path selection, we present both an automated method using weights for evaluating the transcription and finding the shortest path, and an interactive approach that gives users the possibility of influencing the path selection

Discovery of Infection Associated Metabolic Markers in Human African Trypanosomiasis

Peer reviewedPublisher PD

“.... Para ser macho não pode negar fogo, tem que ser viril. Então não tem nada a ver com a dança...”

Este empreendimento se propõe a analisar a percepção de alunos de graduação em Educação Física sobre construção sociocultural do corpo masculino. Com o propósito de colher informações, empreendemos um estudo inserido no paradigma fenomenológico-hermenêutico, utilizando análise de discurso e envolvendo 27 alunos de ambos os sexos do curso de graduação em Educação Física das diversas universidades do Rio de Janeiro. Os instrumentos empregados constaram de uma entrevista semi-estruturada e da exibição de uma foto, na qual bailarinos do sexo masculino pousavam com tutu (vestimenta tradicionalmente utilizada pelo sexo feminino). Incursionando nas respostas dos entrevistados, identificamos 6 elementos marcantes: 1- o símbolo da vestimenta; 2- as atividades ditas femininas; 3- o futebol; 4- “Outros”; 5- a homossexualidade e; 6- raça e gênero. Palavras-chave: gênero, corpo e educação física

A EXPRESSÃO DO CORPO PELA CONDUTA MOTORA ORAL: UMA QUESTÃO DE GÊNERO

O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar se as questões de gênero influenciam a decisão dos responsáveis porcrianças de 4 a 6 anos, com distúrbios na conduta motora oral, a buscarem auxílio da Fonoaudiologia. A metodologiaescolhida insere-se no paradigma fenomenológico, fazendo uso da abordagem qualitativa. Participaram da investigaçãoquarenta e oito sujeitos, sendo doze meninos, doze meninas e vinte e quatro responsáveis pelos mesmos. Os instrumentosempregados com as crianças foram: uma despistagem fonética/fonológica e uma entrevista sobre a construção dogênero acompanhada por uma caixa de brinquedos; com os responsáveis, o instrumento utilizado foi uma entrevistasemi-estruturada. A despistagem revelou que todas as crianças avaliadas apresentavam distúrbios articulatórios. A entrevistaacompanhada pela caixa com brinquedos indicou que elas escolheram os brinquedos culturalmente consideradosadequados ao seu sexo. Os dados revelaram também que os responsáveis pelas crianças do estudo são influenciadospelas questões de gênero a buscarem auxílio da Fonoaudiologia prioritariamente e predominantemente para os meninos.Isso nos remete à escola, principalmente, quando as atividades recreativas permitem ao professor de Educação Físicacontribuir na formação da imagem corporal do seu aluno e ainda favorecer o desenvolvimento da motricidade finainfantil.Palavras-chave: Conduta motora -- Gênero -- Fonoaudiologia -- Distúrbios articulatórios -- Educação Físic

Dependencia funcional y calidad de vida en pacientes con terapia de Hemodiálisis en una institución de Salud – Chimbote, 2023.

La presenta investigación fue de tipo descriptivo correlacional, de corte transversal, con el objetivo de determinar si existe relación entre la dependencia funcional y la calidad de vida de los pacientes en terapia de hemodiálisis en una institución de salud de Chimbote, 2023. El universo muestral estuvo conformado por 70 pacientes, que cumplieron con los criterios establecidos, para este fin se aplicaron 2 encuestas, tras esto se obtuvieron como resultados que el 1,4% de pacientes en terapia de hemodiálisis muestran una dependencia total y calidad de vida mala; el 5,7% muestra dependencia severa y calidad de vida mala y regular; el 11,4% tiene dependencia moderada y calidad de vida regular; el 7,1% muestra dependencia escasa y calidad de vida regular, y el 30% tiene el grado de independencia y calidad de vida regular y el 17.1% tiene independencia y calidad de vida buena. El nivel de significancia aplicando la prueba de Chi cuadrado fue de p<0.032, esto contempla que, si existe una alta relación entre la dependencia funcional y la calidad de vida en los pacientes en terapia de hemodiálisis, en la que ambas variables se encuentran altamente relacionadosThe present investigation was of a descriptive correlational, cross-sectional type, with the objective of determining if there is a relationship between functional dependence and the quality of life of patients in hemodialysis therapy in a health institution in Chimbote, 2023. The sample universe was made up of 70 patients, who met the established criteria, for this purpose 2 surveys were applied, after which the results were obtained that 1.4% of patients on hemodialysis therapy show total dependence and poor quality of life ; 5.7% show severe dependence and poor and regular quality of life; 11.4% have moderate dependence and regular quality of life; 7.1% show little dependence and regular quality of life, and 30% have a degree of independence and regular quality of life and 17.1% have independence and good quality of life. The level of significance applying the Chi square test was p<0.032, this contemplates that, if there is a high relationship between functional dependence and quality of life in patients on hemodialysis therapy, in which both variables are highly relatedTesi

Motor and physical performance in the eurofit tests by male and female elementary school students according to gender.

Gênero é uma construção social que conduz meninos e meninas a manifestarem diferentes comportamentos na sociedade. Esses comportamentos trazem repercussões no desempenho motor. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo foi verificar se existe diferença no desempenho físico e motor de meninos e meninas, através do Eurofit, averiguando ao mesmo tempo, se existem laços teóricos que expliquem a interferência da cultura nesses desempenhos. Foi realizado um censo com os 118 estudantes de ambos os sexos da 5ae 6a séries do Colégio de Aplicação Dr.Paulo Gissoni. As características do desempenho motor foram obtidas através da bateria de teste Eurofit. A análise estatística percentual apontou que os meninos apresentaram melhores resultados na maioria dos testes. The gender is a social construction which conducís boys and girls to manifest different behavior in the society. These patterns behavior bring repercussions in the motor performance. Thus, the aim of this study was to verify if there is difference in the physical and motor performance of boys and girls through the Eurofit, verifing at the same time if there are theoric ties which explain the interference in these performances. A census with 118 students of both sexes from the 5th and 6th grades of Colégio de Aplicação Dr. Paulo Gissoni was carried out. The characteristics of the motor performance was obtained through the batttery of Eurofit Test. The percentile statistic anlyses showed that the boys got letter results in the most tests.The gender is a social construction which conducís boys and girls to manifest different behavior in the society. These patterns behavior bring repercussions in the motor performance. Thus, the aim of this study was to verify if there is difference in the physical and motor performance of boys and girls through the Eurofit, verifing at the same time if there are theoric ties which explain the interference in these performances. A census with 118 students of both sexes from the 5th and 6th grades of Colégio de Aplicação Dr. Paulo Gissoni was carried out. The characteristics of the motor performance was obtained through the batttery of Eurofit Test. The percentile statistic anlyses showed that the boys got letter results in the most tests

Failure of physiologic transformation of spiral arteries, endothelial and trophoblast cell activation, and acute atherosis in the basal plate of the placenta

BACKGROUND: Failure of physiologic transformation of spiral arteries has been reported in preeclampsia, fetal growth restriction, fetal death, and spontaneous preterm labor with intact or ruptured membranes. Spiral arteries with failure of physiologic transformation are prone to develop atherosclerotic-like lesions of atherosis. There are striking parallels between preeclampsia and atherosclerotic disease, and between lesions of atherosis and atherosclerosis. Endothelial activation, identified by intercellular adhesion molecule-1 expression, is present in atherosclerotic-like lesions of heart transplantation, and is considered a manifestation of rejection. Similarly, endothelial activation/dysfunction has been implicated in the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis and preeclampsia. Intercellular adhesion molecule-1-overexpressing-activated endothelial cells are more resistant to trophoblast displacement than nonactivated endothelium, and may contribute to shallow spiral artery trophoblastic invasion in obstetrical syndromes having failure of physiologic transformation. OBJECTIVE: We sought to determine whether failure of spiral artery physiologic transformation was associated with activation of interstitial extravillous trophoblasts and/or spiral artery endothelium and presence of acute atherosis in the placental basal plate. STUDY DESIGN: A cross-sectional study of 123 placentas (19-42 weeks' gestation) obtained from normal pregnancies (n = 22), preterm prelabor rupture of membranes (n = 26), preterm labor (n = 23), preeclampsia (n = 27), intrauterine fetal death (n = 15), and small for gestational age (n = 10) was performed. Failure of spiral artery physiologic transformation and presence of cell activation was determined using immunohistochemistry of placental basal plates containing a median of 4 (minimum: 1; maximum: 9) vessels per placenta. Endothelial/trophoblast cell activation was defined by the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1. Investigators examining microscopic sections were blinded to clinical diagnosis. Pairwise comparisons among placenta groups were performed with Fisher exact test and Wilcoxon rank sum test using a Bonferroni-adjusted level of significance (.025). RESULTS: We found that 87% (94/108) of placentas having spiral arteries with failure of physiologic transformation (actin-positive and cytokeratin-negative) in the basal plate, and 0% (0/15) of placentas having only spiral arteries with complete physiologic transformation (cytokeratin-positive and actin-negative), had arterial endothelial and/or interstitial extravillous trophoblasts reactive with the intercellular adhesion molecule-1 activation marker (P < .001). A significant correlation (R2 = 0.84) was found between expression of spiral artery endothelial and interstitial extravillous trophoblast intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (P < .001) in activated placentas. Lesions of atherosis were found in 31.9% (30/94) of placentas with complete and/or partial failure of physiologic transformation of spiral arteries that were intercellular adhesion molecule-1-positive, in none of the 14 placentas with failure of physiologic transformation that were intercellular adhesion molecule-1-negative, and in none of the 15 placentas with complete spiral artery physiologic transformation without failure (P = .001). All placentas (30/30, 100%) with atherosis were identified in placentas having concomitant spiral artery endothelial and interstitial extravillous trophoblast activation. CONCLUSION: Failure of spiral artery physiologic transformation in the placental basal plate is associated with interstitial extravillous trophoblast and arterial endothelial activation along with increased frequency of spiral artery atherosis. These findings may be used to improve the characterization of different disorders of the placental bed such as in refining the existing tools for the early prediction of risk for preterm, preeclamptic, and other abnormal pregnancies

Multiplatform characterization of dynamic changes in breast milk during lactation

The multicomponent analysis of human breast milk (BM) by metabolic profiling is a new area of study applied to determining milk composition, and is capable of associating BM composition with maternal characteristics, and subsequent infant health outcomes. A multiplatform approach combining HPLC‐MS and ultra‐performance LC‐MS, GC‐MS, CE‐MS, and 1H NMR spectroscopy was used to comprehensively characterize metabolic profiles from seventy BM samples. A total of 710 metabolites spanning multiple molecular classes were defined. The utility of the individual and combined analytical platforms was explored in relation to numbers of metabolites identified, as well as the reproducibility of the methods. The greatest number of metabolites was identified by the single phase HPLC‐MS method, while CE‐MS uniquely profiled amino acids in detail and NMR was the most reproducible, whereas GC‐MS targeted volatile compounds and short chain fatty acids. Dynamic changes in BM composition were characterized over the first 3 months of lactation. Metabolites identified as altering in abundance over lactation included fucose, di‐ and triacylglycerols, and short chain fatty acids, known to be important for infant immunological, neurological, and gastrointestinal development, as well as being an important source of energy. This extensive metabolic coverage of the dynamic BM metabolome provides a baseline for investigating the impact of maternal characteristics, as well as establishing the impact of environmental and dietary factors on the composition of BM, with a focus on the downstream health consequences this may have for infants

Pigmented odontogenic keratocyst : report of a rare case and review of the literature

Pigmented odontogenic keratocyst (OKC) is very rare and its etiology remains uncertain. To the best of our knowledge, only 9 cases of pigmented OKC have been published in English-language literature. This report describes a pigmented OKC in a 14-year-old black male patient. Radiographically, the lesion appeared as a well-circumscribed, unilocular, and radiolucent image. A surgical excision was performed. Histopathological examination revealed an OKC. Additionally, a brownish, sparsed, intracytoplasmic pigmentation was observed in the basal cell layer, which was positive for Fontana-Masson staining. Immunohistochemistry reactions revealed positive dendritic cells for S-100 protein, HMB45 and Melan A. No clinical and imaging signs of recurrence were observed after 24 months. In conclusion, melanin apparently does not represent a factor for distinct biological behavior in OKC

Glomus tumor of the oral cavity : report of a rare case and literature review

Glomus tumor is a benign neoplasm composed of a perivascular proliferation of glomic cells that resembles the normal glomus body. Usually, it appears as a solitary, symptomatic small blue-red nodule, located in the deep dermis or subcutis of upper or lower extremities of young to middle-aged adults. Cases affecting the oral cavity are very rare, with only 23 well-documented cases reported in the English-language literature. Herein, we present a rare case of glomus tumor of the upper lip, and review the literature of cases involving the mouth302185190CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO - CNPQNão te