Job satisfaction and turnover intention among public sector nurses: Is workload and burnout the issue?

The growing rate of nurse turnover is unavoidable and inevitable. Nursing considered one of the most stressful occupations in the health industry. Unfortunately, there are limited studies published in Indonesia that explain this phenomenon among clinical nurses. This study aims to describe the nurse job satisfaction and turnover intention at public hospitals from workloads and burnout perspective. The design used in this study was quantitative with the survey approach. The data were collected by using simple random sampling from the hospital (cluster B) nurses with the total participant was 190 nurses. The result of this study shows that workload and burnout affect job satisfaction directly. The mediator role of job satisfaction in the effect of workload and burnout on turnover intention is significantly proved. Interestingly, this study failed to prove the effect of workload on turnover intention which means that although many nurses experienced a heavy workload, the majority of nurses in this study feel that the workloads are still reachable or even low due to their young aged. They tend to keep the job since it’s difficult to find any other opportunities. They will intend to leave their job only if they experienced a greater level of burnout and disenchantment

The effects of bottom ash in coastal sand

In the construction industry, breakage of sand particles is very common especially at the very early stage of the pile driving work. The breakage of sand particles will result in change of size spectrum and alter its engineering properties. In this research, the effectiveness of bottom ash in improving the engineering properties of crushed sandy soil was studied. The bottom ash of 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% was added into the sand and crushed with 500 and 1000 blows under the Automatic Compactor machine. The engineering properties of different proportion of bottom ash mixture before crushing and after crushing with 500 and 1000 blows were tested. The engineering properties which were measured include the coefficient of uniformity, breakage index, fouling index, permeability and bearing capacity. Results show that adding of bottom ash into the crushable sand improved the load bearing capacity. By adding 20% of bottom ash, the bearing capacity of the crushed sandy soil can be improved by 55% meanwhile the permeability of the sandy soil can be improved by 200%

Suitability of conventional ballast mixed with concrete debris and bottom ash waste

The use of waste materials as a substitute for natural aggregate has been widely tested in all areas of the construction industry. Yet, there is a lack of study on the suitability of the physical properties of waste material when used as one of the components in track ballast. This study evaluates the suitability of conventional ballast (CB) incorporated with concrete debris (CD) and bottom ash (BA) as track ballast material. To achieve the objective, sieve analysis, shape analysis, specific gravity test, water absorption test, and permeability test were carried out. Furthermore, microscopic analysis was used to validate the presence of voids. The result shows that the waste mixed ballast has a coefficient of uniformity (Cu) in the range of 1.92 to 12, a coefficient of curvature (Cc) in the range of 0.8 to 1.18, fines less than 14 mm account for 0.1 % to 28 %, and the mean size is in the range of 22.5 mm to 27.5 mm. Furthermore, the flakiness ranged from 7.56% to 22.5%, the void ratio was 0.43 to 0.55, and water absorption was 2.86% to 4%. The specific gravity was found to range from 2.30 to 2.77 when the permeability measurement was in between 30 cm/sec to 61 cm/sec. All these promising values of engineering properties exhibit the confidence of a suitable alternative to track ballast materials. Hence, CD and BA waste materials incorporated into conventional ballast have a high potential to exhibit better performance and reduce the dependency on natural aggregate

Characterization Of Bamboo Gigantochloa Scortechinii at different ages.

The anatomical, physical and chemical properties of Gigantochloa scortechinii from different ages of 0.5, 1.5, 3.5, 5.5 and 6.5 years were investigated. The bamboo culm from the sixth internode above ground was studied. This study suggests that G. scortechinii is in its growing, development and maturation phases at ages 0.5, 1.5 and 3.5 years respectively. The higher content of inorganic nutrients in bamboo showed its potential as chewing sticks. Bamboo from 3.5 years of age was suitable for any utilization purpose

Periodic revisions of the international choices criteria: Process and results

Unhealthy diets contribute to an increased risk of non-communicable diseases, which are the leading causes of deaths worldwide. Nutrition policies such as front-of-pack labeling have been developed and implemented globally in different countries to stimulate healthier diets. The Choices Programme, including the International Choices criteria, is an established tool to support the implementation of such policies. The Choices criteria were developed to define the healthier choices per product group, taking saturated fatty acids, trans fatty acids, sodium, sugars, energy, and fiber into account. To keep these criteria updated, they are periodically revised by an independent international scientific committee. This paper explains the most important changes resulting from revisions between 2010 and 2016 and describes the process of the latest revision, resulting in the International Choices criteria version 2019. Revisions were based on national and international nutrition and dietary recommendations, large food composition databases, and stakeholders’ feedback. Other nutrient profiling systems served as benchmarks. The product group classification was adapted and new criteria were determined in order to enhance global applicability and form a credible, intuitively logical system for users. These newly developed criteria will serve as an international standard for healthier products and provide a guiding framework for food and nutrition policies. © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland

Durability Performance of Concrete Debris and Bottom Ash as an Alternative Track Ballast Material

Concrete debris and bottom ash has been identified as the potential materials to be used in construction industry. This would certainly reduce wastage produced from construction and demolition (C&D) activities and bottom ash from the power plant. However, the concrete debris waste and the bottom ash are been neither tested nor proven to be feasible in the construction of railway track. This paper will discuss the potential usage of concrete debris collected from destruction site and also the bottom ash waste from Coal Energy Power Plant. Currently, neither concrete debris nor bottom ash is used in railway construction. The main objective of this study is to analyse the engineering properties of bottom ash and concrete debris along with the conventional ballast to verify whether the traditional material can be replaced or otherwise. Experiments such as the sieve analysis test, Los Angeles abrasion test, aggregate impact value test and the aggregate crushing value test were conducted to measure the properties. The engineering properties tested in this research are the hardness, toughness and resistance towards impact and crushing of ballast. In terms of gradation, particle size distribution curve was plotted and compared in this research. It was found that the mixture of concrete debris and track ballast in the proportion of 50:50 each has brought some improvement to the properties and tend to behave close to the existing track ballast. The mixture of concrete debris and track ballast also shows that its crushing resistance is better than the existing track ballast. In conclusion, both the waste materials used in this research is highly potential to partially complement traditional material of track ballast

Separation of four cationic surfactants on silica gel 60 F254 high performance thin-layer chromatographic plates

The chromatography of four cationic surfactants was performed on silica high performance thin-layer plates with mixed solvent system of methanol and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA). The resolution of a mixture of Benzyltrimethylammonium chloride (BTAC), Dodecyltrimethylammonium chloride (DTAC), Tetrabutylammonium bromide (TBAB), and Methyltrioctylammonium bromide (MTOB) was achieved by using methanol:5% aqueous EDTA (7:3,v=v) as a solvent system. The effect of concentration of EDTA on the mobility of all the four cationic surfactants was examined. The limit of detection of BTAC, DTAC, TBAB, and MTOB estimated was 0.65, 0.15, 0.15, and 0.31 lg=zone, respectively. The developed method was utilized to identify these surfactants in different spiked water samples after their preliminary separation

Weight changes and lifestyle behaviors in women after breast cancer diagnosis: a cross-sectional study

Background: Weight gain rather than weight loss often occurs after breast cancer diagnosis despite breast cancer survivors frequently reported making healthful lifestyle changes. This study describes the prevalence and magnitude of changes in weight before and after breast cancer diagnosis and examines lifestyle behaviors of breast cancer survivors with stable weight, weight gain or weight loss. Methods. Respondents were 368 women with breast cancer characterized by stages I, II and III. All were recruited from hospitals or breast cancer support groups and had completed conventional treatment. Current weight and height were measured while weight at cancer diagnosis and 1 year before diagnosis were self-reported. Weight change was calculated as the difference between current weight and weight a year preceding breast cancer diagnosis. A 24-hour diet recall and Global Physical Activity Questionnaire assessed dietary intake and physical activity, respectively. Differences in lifestyle behaviors among weight change groups were examined using Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA). Results: Mean weight change from a year preceding diagnosis to study entry was 2.73 kg (95% CI: 1.90-3.55). Most women (63.3%) experienced weight gain rather than weight loss (36.7%) with a higher percentage (47.8%) having at least 5% weight gain (47.8%) rather than weight loss (22%), respectively. Compared to other weight change groups, women in >10% weight gain group had the lowest fruit and vegetable servings (1.58 servings/day; 95% CI: 1.36-1.82) and highest servings of dairy products (0.41 servings/day; 95% CI: 0.30-0.52). Conclusions: Weight gain was evident in this sample of women after breast cancer diagnosis. Information on magnitude of weight change after breast cancer diagnosis and lifestyle behaviors of breast cancer survivors with varying degrees of weight change could facilitate the development and targeting of effective intervention strategies to achieve healthy weight and optimal health for better survival