Frequency correlation requirements on the biphoton wavefunction in an induced coherence experiment between separate sources

There is renewed interest in using the coherence between beams generated in separate down-converter sources for new applications in imaging, spectroscopy, microscopy and optical coherence tomography (OCT). These schemes make use of continuous wave (CW) pumping in the low parametric gain regime, which produces frequency correlations, and frequency entanglement, between signal-idler pairs generated in each single source. But can induced coherence still be observed if there is no frequency correlation, so the biphoton wavefunction is factorable? We will show that this is the case, and this might be an advantage for OCT applications. High axial resolution requires a large bandwidth. For CW pumping this requires the use of short nonlinear crystals. This is detrimental since short crystals generate small photon fluxes. We show that the use of ultrashort pump pulses allows improving axial resolution even for long crystal that produce higher photon fluxes

Theranostic Potential of Oncolytic Vaccinia Virus

Biological cancer therapies, such as oncolytic, or replication-selective viruses have advantages over traditional therapeutics as they can employ multiple different mechanisms to target and destroy cancers (including direct cell lysis, immune activation and vascular collapse). This has led to their rapid recent clinical development. However this also makes their pre-clinical and clinical study complex, as many parameters may affect their therapeutic potential and so defining reason for treatment failure or approaches that might enhance their therapeutic activity can be complicated. The ability to non-invasively image viral gene expression in vivo both in pre-clinical models and during clinical testing will considerably enhance the speed of oncolytic virus development as well as increasing the level and type of useful data produced from these studies. Further, subsequent to future clinical approval, imaging of reporter gene expression might be used to evaluate the likelihood of response to oncolytic viral therapy prior to changes in tumor burden. Here different reporter genes used in conjunction with oncolytic viral therapy are described, along with the imaging modalities used to measure their expression, while their applications both in pre-clinical and clinical testing are discussed. Possible future applications for reporter gene expression from oncolytic viruses in the phenotyping of tumors and the personalizing of treatment regimens are also discussed

Hybrid algorithm with perturbations for total asymptotically non-expansive mappings in CAT(0) space

In this paper, we establish strong and Δ-convergence theorems of the modified hybrid-CR three steps iteration with perturbations for total asymptotically non-expansive mapping in CAT(0) spaces. Our results improve and extend the corresponding results from the current literature. We also provide three examples to illustrate the convergence behaviour of the proposed algorithm and numerically compare the convergence of the proposed iteration scheme with the existing schemes

Manejo exitoso con stent en un prematuro con síndrome de vena cava superior. Reporte de caso

El síndrome de vena cava superior en la infancia es una complicación inusual al uso de catéter venoso central en la unidad de cuidados intensivos neonatales. Otras causas en niños son la cirugía para enfermedades congénitas del corazón la cual ocupa la mayoría de los casos, y los linfomas, que constituyen la segunda causa más frecuente de obstrucción. Se describe el caso de un recién nacido prematuro de 25 semanas, con síndrome de vena cava superior secundario al uso de catéter venoso central para manejo de sepsis. Se destaca la importancia de un diagnóstico y tratamiento precoz. Así mismo, se reporta el manejo exitoso con stent para el síndrome de vena cava superior.Superior vena cava syndrome in infancy is an unusual complication of the use of central venous catheters in neonatal intensive care unit. Other causes of this syndrome in children are surgery for congenital heart disease which accounts for most of the cases, and lymphomas, that constitute the second most common cause of obstruction. We describe the case of a premature infant born at 25 weeks with superior vena cava syndrome secondary to a central venous catheter for management of sepsis. The importance of early diagnosis and treatment is highlighted. We also report the successful management with stenting for superior vena cava syndrome

Recombinant viruses delivering the necroptosis mediator MLKL induce a potent antitumor immunity in mice

Vaccinia viruses (VACV) are a novel class of immune-oncolytic therapeutics and their mechanism of action is based both on their capacity to replicate selectively in cancer cells and to elicit danger signals that can boost anti-tumor immunity. We recently reported that the intratumor expression of MLKL, a necroptosis inducing factor, generates a protective anti-tumor immunity. Here, we combined both approaches to test the use of VACV to deliver MLKL into the tumor. We generated VACV vectors expressing MLKL and evaluated the effects of MLKL on antitumor efficacy. In vitro infection of cancer cells with MLKL-expressing vectors led to cell death with necroptotic hallmarks. In syngeneic mouse tumor models, VACV expressing MLKL induced an outstanding antitumor activity, which was associated with a robust immunity directed against neo-epitopes. In conclusion, delivery of MLKL by VACV vectors boosts the intrinsic anti-tumor properties of these viral vectors by promoting in situ immunogenic cell death of infected cancer cells

Reseña historica del Santuario de Nuestra Señora de los Remedios, patrona excelsa de la ciudad de Velez-Malaga

Copia digital : Diputación de Málaga. Biblioteca Canovas del Castillo, 201

GRASP algorithms for the robust railway network design problem

This paper analyzes the solvability of a railway network design problem and its robust version. These problems are modeled as integer linear programming problems with binary variables, and their solutions provide topological railway networks maximizing the trip coverage in the presence of a competing mode, both assuming that the network works fine and that links can fail, respectively. Since these problems are computationally intractable for realistic sizes, GRASP heuristics are proposed for finding good feasible solutions. The results obtained in a computational experience indicate that our GRASP algorithms are suitable for railway network design problems. © 2011 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC.We would like to thank the Spanish Ministerio de Fomento under grant PT-2007-003, Ministerio de Ciencia y Educacion under grant MTM2009-14243, the Junta de Andalucia under grant P09-TEP-5022 for supporting this research, the FEDER funds of the European Union and TUSSAM (Seville, Spain). Special thanks are due to two anonymous referees for their valuable comments.García-Archilla, B.; Lozano, AJ.; Mesa, JA.; Perea Rojas Marcos, F. (2011). GRASP algorithms for the robust railway network design problem. Journal of Heuristics. 19(2):399-422. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10732-011-9185-zS399422192Baaj, M., Mahmassani, H.: An AI-based approach for transit route system planning and design. J. Adv. Transp. 25(2), 187–210 (1991)Cancela, H., Robledo, F., Rubino, G.: A grasp algorithm with tree based local search for designing a survivable wide area network backbone. J. Comput. Sci. Technol. 4(1), 52–58 (2004)Díaz, J.A., Luna, D., Luna, R.: A grasp heuristic for the manufacturing cell formation problem. TOP (2011). doi: 10.1007/s11750-010-0159-3Feo, T., Resende, M.: A probabilistic heuristic for a computationally difficult set covering problem. Oper. Res. Lett. 8, 67–71 (1989)Goossens, J., van Hoesel, C., Kroon, L.: A branch-and-cut approach for solving railway line-planning problems. Transp. Sci. 38, 379–393 (2004)Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers: IEEE Standard Computer Dictionary: A Compilation of IEEE Standard Computer Glossaries (1990)Laporte, G., Mesa, J., Perea, F.: A game theoretic framework for the robust railway transit network design problem. Transp. Res., Part B, Methodol. 44, 447–459 (2010)Laporte, G., Marín, A., Mesa, J., Perea, F.: Designing robust rapid transit networks with alternative routes. J. Adv. Transp. 45, 54–65 (2011)Marín, A., García-Ródenas, R.: Location of infrastructure in urban railway networks. Comput. Oper. Res. 36, 1461–1477 (2009)Marín, A., Jaramillo, P.: Urban rapid transit network design: accelerated Benders decomposition. Ann. Oper. Res. 169(1), 35–53 (2009)Marín, A., Mesa, J.A., Perea, F.: Integrating robust railway network design and line planning under failures. Lect. Notes Comput. Sci. 5868, 273–292 (2009)Mauttone, A., Urquhart, M.E.: A route set construction algorithm for the transit network design problem. Comput. Oper. Res. 36, 2440–2449 (2009)Murphey, R., Pardalos, P., Pitsoulis, L.: A GRASP for the multitarget multisensor tracking problem. In: Networks. Discrete Mathematics and Theoretical Computer Science Series, vol. 40, pp. 277–302. American Mathematical Society, Providence (1998)Nesmachnow, S., Cancela, H., Alba, E.: Evolutionary algorithms applied to reliable communication network design. Eng. Optim. 39(7), 831–855 (2007)Schöbel, A., Scholl, S.: Line planning with minimal transfers. In: 5th Workshop on Algorithmic Methods and Models for Optimization of Railways, Number 06901 in Dagstuhl Seminar Proceedings (2006

Gluon condensate and the Polyakov loop

The temperature dependence of the gluon condensate is deduced from the Polyakov loop effective potential. It is shown that this approach provides a simple picture for the electric gluon condensate around the deconfinement temperature, showing that it drops to zero in a temperature range which is in good agreement with different pure gauge lattice results.Instituto de Física La Plat

4-Membered Ring Carbocations: A Positive Development in the Synthesis of 3,3-Disubstituted Oxetanes and Azetidines

4-Membered heterocycles are low molecular weight polar scaffolds with intriguing potential for drug discovery. Despite their unquestionable value, methods to access such heterocycles remain scant. Here, we describe the generation of oxetane- and azetidine- benzylic carbocations as a general strategy to access valuable 3,3-disubstituted derivatives