Improvement of Model Predictive Current Control Sensing Strategy for a Developed Small Flux-Switching Permanent Magnet Motor

This paper presents an improved control system for a small flux-switching permanent magnet motor (FSPM) to enhance its performance and torque sensing. The analytical magnetic circuit design was used to determine the related motor parameters, such as the air gap flux density, permeance coefficient (Pc), torque, winding turns, pole number, width, length, magnet geometry, and the current density of FSPM. The electromagnetic analysis of this motor was performed by software (ANSYS Maxwell) to optimize the motor performance. In this study, the performance of FSPM was investigated by the uniform design experimentation (UDE). For the control system, the model predictive current control (MPCC) is currently recognized as a high-performance control strategy, due to its quick response and simple principle. This model contained the nonlinear part of the system, to improve the torque ripple of FSPM. A modified MPCC strategy was proposed to improve the distortion of the current waveform and decrease the computational burden. The new modified control architecture was mainly composed of three parts, such as the estimation of electromotive force (EMF), current prediction, and optimal vector selection/vector duration. When the reference voltage vector was obtained, the three-phase duties were easily determined by the principle of space vector modulation (SVM). The results show the different strategy methods between the newly proposed modified MPCC and traditional proportional integral (PI) controller. In the control of FSPM, a modified MPCC strategy was able to achieve a better performance response and decrease the computational burden. At a low speed of 350 rpm, the proposed modified MPCC can achieve a better dynamic response. The nonlinear problem of the startup speed was also effectively resolved. The torque sensing performance of the simulation and the experimental test value were compared. The torque sensing performance of the simulation and the actual test value were also examined. In this study, the optimization focused not only on the motor design and fabrication, but also on an improved motor control strategy and torque sensing, in order to achieve the integrity of the FSPM system

Comparative methylome analysis in solid tumors reveals aberrant methylation at chromosome 6p in nasopharyngeal carcinoma

© 2015 The Authors. Cancer Medicine published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. Altered patterns of DNA methylation are key features of cancer. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) has the highest incidence in Southern China. Aberrant methylation at the promoter region of tumor suppressors is frequently reported in NPC; however, genome-wide methylation changes have not been comprehensively investigated. Therefore, we systematically analyzed methylome data in 25 primary NPC tumors and nontumor counterparts using a high-throughput approach with the Illumina HumanMethylation450 BeadChip. Comparatively, we examined the methylome data of 11 types of solid tumors collected by The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). In NPC, the hypermethylation pattern was more dominant than hypomethylation and the majority of de novo methylated loci were within or close to CpG islands in tumors. The comparative methylome analysis reveals hypermethylation at chromosome 6p21.3 frequently occurred in NPC (false discovery rate; FDR=1.33 × 10 -9 ), but was less obvious in other types of solid tumors except for prostate and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-positive gastric cancer (FDR < 10 -3 ). Bisulfite pyrosequencing results further confirmed the aberrant methylation at 6p in an additional patient cohort. Evident enrichment of the repressive mark H3K27me3 and active mark H3K4me3 derived from human embryonic stem cells were found at these regions, indicating both DNA methylation and histone modification function together, leading to epigenetic deregulation in NPC. Our study highlights the importance of epigenetic deregulation in NPC. Polycomb Complex 2 (PRC2), responsible for H3K27 trimethylation, is a promising therapeutic target. A key genomic region on 6p with aberrant methylation was identified. This region contains several important genes having potential use as biomarkers for NPC detection.Link_to_subscribed_fulltex

Whole-exome sequencing identifies MST1R as a genetic susceptibility gene in nasopharyngeal carcinoma

Multiple factors, including host genetics, environmental factors, and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection, contribute to nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) development. To identify genetic susceptibility genes for NPC, a whole-exome sequencing (WES) study was performed in 161 NPC cases and 895 controls of Southern Chinese descent. The gene-based burden test discovered an association between macrophage- stimulating 1 receptor (MST1R) and NPC. We identified 13 independent cases carrying the MST1R pathogenic heterozygous germ-line variants, and 53.8% of these cases were diagnosed with NPC aged at or even younger than 20 y, indicating that MST1R germline variants are relevant to disease early-age onset (EAO) (age of ≤20 y). In total, five MST1R missense variants were found in EAO cases but were rare in controls (EAO vs. control, 17.9% vs. 1.2%, P = 7.94 × 10 -12 ). The validation study, including 2,160 cases and 2,433 controls, showed that the MST1R variant c.G917A:p.R306H is highly associated with NPC (odds ratio of 9.0). MST1R is predominantly expressed in the tissue-residentmacrophages and is critical for innate immunity that protects organs from tissue damage and inflammation. Importantly, MST1R expression is detected in the ciliated epithelial cells in normal nasopharyngeal mucosa and plays a role in the cilia motility important for host defense. Although no somatic mutation of MST1R was identified in the sporadic NPC tumors, copy number alterations and promoter hypermethylation at MST1R were often observed. Our findings provide new insights into the pathogenesis of NPC by highlighting the involvement of the MST1R-mediated signaling pathways.Link_to_subscribed_fulltex

Proceedings Of The 7Th Biannual International Symposium On Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma 2015

A1 Hope and despair in the current treatment of nasopharyngeal cancer, IB Tan, I1 NPC international incidence and risk factors, Ellen T Chang, I2 Familial nasopharyngeal carcinoma and the use of biomarkers, Chien-Jen Chen, Wan-Lun Hsu, Yin-Chu Chien, I3 Genetic susceptibility risk factors for sporadic and familial NPC: recent findings, Allan Hildesheim, I5 Genetic and environmental risk factors for nasopharyngeal cancer in Southeast Asia, James D McKay, Valerie Gaborieau, Mohamed Arifin Bin Kaderi, Dewajani Purnomosari, Catherine Voegele, Florence LeCalvez-Kelm, Graham Byrnes, Paul Brennan, Beena Devi, I6 Characterization of the NPC methylome identifies aberrant epigenetic disruption of key signaling pathways and EBV-induced gene methylation, Li L, Zhang Y, Fan Y, Sun K, Du Z, Sun H, Chan AT, Tsao SW, Zeng YX, Tao Q, I7 Tumor exosomes and translational research in NPC, Pierre Busson, Claire Lhuillier, Olivier Morales, Dhafer Mrizak, Aurore Gelin, Nikiforos Kapetanakis, Nadira Delhem, I8 Host manipulations of the Epstein-Barr virus EBNA1 protein, Sheila Mansouri, Jennifer Cao, Anup Vaidya, and Lori Frappier, I9 Somatic genetic changes in EBV-associated nasopharyngeal carcinoma, Lo Kwok Wai, I10 Preliminary screening results for nasopharyngeal carcinoma with ELISA-based EBV antibodies in Southern China, Sui-Hong Chen, Jin-lin Du, Ming-Fang Ji, Qi-Hong Huang, Qing Liu, Su-Mei Cao, I11 EBV array platform to screen for EBV antibodies associated with NPC and other EBV-associated disorders, Denise L. Doolan, Anna Coghill, Jason Mulvenna, Carla Proietti, Lea Lekieffre, Jeffrey Bethony, and Allan Hildesheim, I12 The nasopharyngeal carcinoma awareness program in Indonesia, Renske Fles, Sagung Rai Indrasari, Camelia Herdini, Santi Martini, Atoillah Isfandiari, Achmad Rhomdoni, Marlinda Adham, Ika Mayangsari, Erik van Werkhoven, Maarten Wildeman, Bambang Hariwiyanto, Bambang Hermani, Widodo Ario Kentjono, Sofia Mubarika Haryana, Marjanka Schmidt, IB Tan, I13 Current advances and future direction in nasopharyngeal cancer management, Brian O’Sullivan, I14 Management of juvenile nasopharyngeal cancer, Enis Ozyar, I15 Global pattern of nasopharyngeal cancer: correlation of outcome with access to radiotherapy, Anne WM Lee, I16 The predictive/prognostic biomarker for nasopharyngeal carcinoma, Mu-Sheng Zeng, I17 Effect of HLA and KIR polymorphism on NPC risk, Xiaojiang Gao, Minzhong Tang, Pat Martin, Yi Zeng, Mary Carrington, I18 Exploring the Association between Potentially Neutralizing Antibodies against EBV Infection and Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Anna E Coghill, Wei Bu, Hanh Nguyen, Wan-Lun Hsu, Kelly J Yu, Pei-Jen Lou, Cheng-Ping Wang, Chien-Jen Chen, Allan Hildesheim, Jeffrey I Cohen, I19 Advances in MR imaging in NPC, Ann D King, O1 Epstein-Barr virus seromarkers and risk of nasopharyngeal carcinoma: the gene-environment interaction study on nasopharyngeal carcinoma in Taiwan, Yin-Chu Chien, Wan-Lun Hsu, Kelly J Yu, Tseng-Cheng Chen, Ching-Yuan Lin, Yung-An Tsou, Yi-Shing Leu, Li-Jen Laio, Yen-Liang Chang, Cheng-Ping Wang, Chun-Hun Hua, Ming-Shiang Wu, Chu-Hsing Kate Hsiao, Jehn-Chuan Lee, Ming-Hsui Tsai, Skye Hung-Chun Cheng, Pei-Jen Lou, Allan Hildesheim, Chien-Jen Chen, O2 Familial tendency and environmental co-factors of nasopharyngeal carcinoma: the gene-environment interaction study on nasopharyngeal carcinoma in Taiwan, Wan-Lun Hsu, Kelly J Yu, Yin-Chu Chien, Tseng-Cheng Chen, Ching-Yuan Lin, Yung-An Tsou, Yi-Shing Leu, Li-Jen Liao, Yen-Liang Chang, Tsung-Lin Yang, Chun-Hun Hua, Ming-ShiangWu, Chu-Hsing Kate Hsiao, Jehn-ChuanLee, Ming-Hsui Tsai, Skye Hung-Chun Cheng, Jenq-Yuh Ko, Allan Hildesheim, Chien-Jen Chen, O3 The genetic susceptibility and prognostic role of TERT-CLPTM1L and genes in DNA damage pathways in NPC, Josephine Mun Yee Ko, Wei Dai, Dora Kwong, Wai Tong Ng, Anne Lee, Roger Kai Cheong Ngan, Chun Chung Yau, Stewart Tung, Maria Li Lung, O4 Long term effects of NPC screening, Mingfang Ji, Wei Sheng, Mun Hon Ng, Weimin Cheng, Xia Yu, Biaohua Wu, Kuangrong Wei, Jun Zhan, Yi Xin Zeng, Su Mei Cao, Ningshao Xia, Yong Yuan, O5 Risk prediction of nasopharyngeal carcinoma by detecting host genetic and Epstein-Barr virus variation in saliva, Qian Cui, Miao Xu, Jin-Xin Bei, Yi-Xin Zeng, O6 Patterns of care study in Turkish nasopharyngeal cancer patients (NAZOTURK): A Turkish Radiation Oncology Association Head and Neck Cancer Working Group Study, B Şahin, A Dizman, M Esassolak, A Saran İkizler, HC Yıldırım, M Çaloğlu, B Atalar, F Akman, C Demiroz, BM Atasoy, E Canyilmaz, S Igdem, G Ugurluer, T Kütük, M Akmansoy, E Ozyar, O7 Long term outcome of intensity modulated radiotherapy in nasopharyngeal carcinoma in National Cancer Centre Singapore, Kiattisa Sommat, Fu Qiang Wang, Li-Lian Kwok, Terence Tan, Kam Weng Fong, Yoke Lim Soong, Shie Lee Cheah, Joseph Wee, O8 International phase II randomized study on the addition of docetaxel to the combination of cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil in the induction treatment for nasopharyngeal carcinoma in children and adolescents, M Casanova, E Özyar, C Patte, D Orbach, A Ferrari, VF Cristine, H Errihani, J Pan, L Zhang, S Liji, K Grzegorzewski, L Gore, A Varan, O9 Prognostic impact of metastatic status in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma, Susanna Hilda Hutajulu, Guntara Khuzairi, Camelia Herdini, Henry Kusumo, Mardiah Suci Hardianti, Kartika Widayati Taroeno-Hariadi, Ibnu Purwanto, Johan Kurnianda, O10 Development of small molecule inhibitors of latent Epstein-Barr virus infection for the treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma, Troy E. Messick, Kimberly Malecka, Lois Tolvinski, Samantha Soldan, Julianna Deakyne, Hui Song, Antonio van den Heuvel, Baiwei Gu, Joel Cassel, Mark McDonnell, Garry R Smith, Venkata Velvadapu, Haiyan Bian, Yan Zhang, Marianne Carlsen, Shuai Chen, Alastair Donald, Christian Lemmen, Allen B Reitz, Paul M Lieberman, O11 Therapeutic targeting of cancer stem-like cells using a Wnt modulator, ICG-001, enhances the treatment outcome of EBV-positive nasopharyngeal carcinoma, King Chi Chan, Lai Sheung Chan, Kwok Wai Lo, Timothy Tak Chun Yip, Roger Kai Cheong Ngan, Michael Kahn, Maria Li Lung, Nai Ki Mak, O12 Role of micro-RNA in NPC biology, Fei-Fei Liu, O13 Expansion of EBNA1- and LMP2-specific effector T lymphocytes from patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma without enhancement of regulatory T cells, Wafa Khaali; Juliette Thariat; Laurence Fantin; Flavia Spirito; Meriem Khyatti; El Khalil Ben Driss; Sylvain Olivero; Janet Maryanski; Alain Doglio, O14 The experience of patients’ life after amifostine radiotherapy treatment (ART) for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), Mengxue Xia, Yunfei Xia, Hui Chang, Rachel Shaw, O15 Analysis of mitochondrial DNA mutation in latent membrane protein-1 positive nasopharyngeal carcinoma, Pudji Rahaju, O16 Factors influencing treatment adherence of nasopharyngeal cancer and the clinical outcomes: a hospital-based study, Mardiah Suci Hardianti, Sindhu Wisesa, Kartika Widayati Taroeno-Harijadi, Ibnu Purwanto, Bambang Hariwiyanto, Wigati Dhamiyati, Johan Kurnianda, O17 Chromosomal breaks mediated by bile acid-induced apoptosis in nasopharyngeal epithelial cells: in relation to matrix association region/scaffold attachment region, Sang-Nee Tan, Sai-Peng Sim, O18 Expression of p53 (wild type) on nasopharyngeal carcinoma stem cell that resistant to radiotherapy, Muhtarum Yusuf, Ahmad C Romdhoni, Widodo Ario K, Fedik Abdul Rantam, O19 Mathematical model of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in cellular level, Sugiyanto, Lina Aryati, Fajar Adi-Kusumo, Mardiah Suci Hardianti, O20 Differential expression of microRNA-21 on nasopharyngeal carcinoma plasma patient, SY Bintoro, R Oktriani, C. Herawati, A Surono, Sofia M. Haryana, O21 Therapeutic targeting of an oncogenic fibroblast growth factor-FGF19, which promotes proliferation and induces EMT of carcinoma cells through activating ERK and AKT signaling, L. Zhong, L. Li, B. B. Ma, A. T. Chan, Q. Tao, O22 Resist nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC): next generation T cells for the adoptive immunotherapy of NPC, M. Kalra, M. Ngo, S. Perna, A. Leen, N. Lapteva, C. M. Rooney, S. Gottschalk, O23 The correlation of heat shock protein 70 expressions and staging of nasopharyngeal carcinoma, Elida Mustikaningtyas, Sri Herawati, Achmad C Romdhoni, O24 Epstein-Barr virus serological profiles of nasopharyngeal carcinoma - A tribute to Werner Henle, Mingfang Ji, YaruiXu, Weimin Cheng, ShengxiangGe, Fugui Li, M. H. Ng, O25 Targeting the apoptosis pathway using combination TLR3 agonist with anti-survivin molecule (YM-155) in nasopharyngeal carcinoma, Louise SY Tan, Benjamin Wong, CM Lim, O26 The resistance mechanism of nasopharyngeal cancer stem cells to cisplatin through expression of CD44, Hsp70, p53 (wild type), Oct-4, and ß-catenin encoded-genes, Achmad C Romdhoni, Fedik A. Rantam, Widodo Ario Kentjono, P1 Prevalence of nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients at Departement of Otorhinolaringology-Head and Neck Surgery, Dr. Hasan Sadikin general hospital, Bandung, Indonesia in 2010-2014, Deasy Z Madani, Nur Akbar, Agung Dinasti Permana, P2 Case report on pediatric nasopharyngeal carcinoma at Dr. Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta, Camelia Herdini, Sagung Rai Indrasari, Jajah Fachiroh, Dwi Hartati, T. Baning Rahayudjati, P3 Report on loco regionally advanced nasopharyngeal cancer patients treated with induction chemotherapy followed by concurrent chemo-radiation therapy, Iswandi Darwis, Susanna Hilda Hutajulu, Bambang Hariwiyanto, Wigati Dhamiyati, Ibnu Purwanto, Kartika Widayati Taroeno-Hariadi, Johan Kurnianda, P4 Sex and age differences in the survival of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma, Sindhu Wisesa, Mardiah Suci Hardianti, Susanna Hilda Hutajulu, Kartika Widayati Taroeno-Harijadi, Ibnu Purwanto, Camelia Herdini, Wigati Dhamiyati, Johan Kurnianda, P5 Impact of delayed diagnosis and delayed therapy in the treatment outcome of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma, Khoirul Anwar, Susanna Hilda Hutajulu, Sagung Rai Indrasari, Sri Retna Dwidanarti, Ibnu Purwanto, Kartika Widayati Taroeno-Hariadi, Johan Kurnianda, P6 Anaysis of pretreatment anemia in nasopharyngeal cancer patients undergoing neoadjuvant therapy, Dominicus Wendhy Pramana, Susanna Hilda Hutajulu, Bambang Hariwiyanto, Wigati Dhamiyati, Ibnu Purwanto, Kartika Widayati Taroeno-Hariadi, Johan Kurnianda, P7 Results of treatment with neoadjuvant cisplatin-5FU in locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a local experience, Diah Ari Safitri, Susanna Hilda Hutajulu, Camelia Herdini, Sri Retna Dwi Danarti, Ibnu Purwanto, Kartika Widayati Taroeno-Hariadi, Johan Kurnianda, P8 Geriatrics with nasopharyngeal cancer, Suryo A Taroeno, Sindhu Wisesa, Kartika Widayati Taroeno-Hariadi, Ibnu Purwanto, Bambang Hariwiyanto, Wigati Dhamiyati, Johan Kurnianda, P9 Correlation of lymphocyte to monocyte and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio to the response of cisplatin chemoradiotheraphy in locally advance nasopharyngeal carcinoma, I. Wijaya, A. Oehadian, D. Prasetya, P10 Prediction of nasopharyngeal carcinoma risk by Epstein-Barr virus seromarkers and environmental co-factors: the gene-environment interaction study on nasopharyngeal carcinoma in Taiwan, Wan-Lun Hsu, Yin-Chu Chien, Kelly J Yu, Cheng-Ping Wang, Ching-Yuan Lin, Yung-An Tsou, Yi-Shing Leu, Li-Jen Liao, Yen-Liang Chang191,192, Jenq-Yuh Ko, Chun-Hun Hua, Ming-Shiang Wu, Chu-Hsing Kate Hsiao, Jehn-Chuan Lee, Ming-Hsui Tsai, Skye Hung-Chun Cheng, Pei-Jen Lou, Allan Hildesheim, Chien-Jen Chen, P11 Non-viral risk factors for nasopharyngeal carcinoma in West Sumatra, Indonesia, Sukri Rahman, Bestari J. Budiman, Novialdi, Rahmadona, Dewi Yuri Lestari, P12 New prototype Vidas EBV IgA quick: performance on Chinese and Moroccan populations, C. Yin, A. Foussadier, E. Blein, C. Chen, N. Bournet Ammour, M. Khiatti, S. Cao, P13 The expression of EBV-LMP1 and VEGF as predictors and plasma EBV-DNA levels as early marker of distant metastasis after therapy in nasopharyngeal cancer, Dewi Syafriyetti Soeis Marzaini, P14 Characteristics and factors influencing subjects refusal for blood samples retrieval: lesson from NPC case control study in Yogyakarta – Indonesia, Dwi Hartati, Baning Rahayujati, Camelia Herdini, Jajah Fachiroh, P15 Expression of microRNA BART-7-3p and mRNA PTEN on blood plasma of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma, L. Gunawan, S. Mubarika Haryana, A. Surono, C. Herawati, P16 IgA response to native early antigen (IgA-EAext) of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in healthy population and nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients: the potential for diagnosis and screening tools, Michael Hartono, Jajah Fachiroh, Umi Intansari, Dewi Kartikawati Paramita, P17 IgA responses against Epstein-Barr Virus Early Antigen (EBV-EA) peptides as potential candidates of nasopharyngeal carcinoma detection marker, Akmal Akbar, Jajah Fachiroh, Dewi Kartikawati Paramita, P18 Association between smoking habit and IgA-EBV titer among healthy individuals in Yogyakarta, Indonesia, Benny Hermawan, T Baning Rahayudjati, Dewi K Paramita, Jajah Fachiroh, P19 Epstein-Barr virus IgA titer comparison of healthy non-family individuals and healthy first degree family of NPV patients, Gabriella Argy, Jajah Fachiroh, Dewi Kartikawati Paramita, Susanna Hilda Hutajulu, P20 Identification of EBV Early Antigen (EA) derived peptides for NPC diagnosis, Theodora Caroline Sihotang, Jajah Fachiroh, Umi Intansari, Dewi Kartikawati Paramita, P21 Host-pathogen study: relative expression of mRNA BRLF1 Epstein-Barr virus as a potential biomarker for tumor progressivity and polymorphisms of TCRBC and TCRGC2 host genes related to genetic susceptibility on nasopharyngeal carcinoma, Daniel Joko Wahyono, Purnomo Soeharso, Dwi Anita Suryandari, Lisnawati, Zanil Musa, Bambang Hermani, P22 In vitro efficacy of silvestrol and episilvestrol, isolated from Borneo, on nasopharyngeal carcinoma, a major cancer in Borneo, Maelinda Daker, Yeo Jiun Tzen, Norhasimah Bakar, Asma’ Saiyidatina Aishah Abdul Rahman, Munirah Ahmad, Yeo Tiong Chia, Alan Khoo Soo Beng, P23 The expression of mir-141 in patients with nasopharyngeal cancer, Widyandani Sasikirana, Tirta Wardana, Muhammad Radifar, Cita Herawati, Agus Surono, Sofia Mubarika HaryanaPubMe

Recessive inborn errors of type I IFN immunity in children with COVID-19 pneumonia

In an international cohort of 112 children hospitalized for moderate to critical COVID-19 pneumonia, we identified 12 children with one of four known recessive inborn errors of type I interferon immunity: X-linked TLR7 and autosomal IFNAR1, STAT2, and TYK2 deficiencies.Recessive or dominant inborn errors of type I interferon (IFN) immunity can underlie critical COVID-19 pneumonia in unvaccinated adults. The risk of COVID-19 pneumonia in unvaccinated children, which is much lower than in unvaccinated adults, remains unexplained. In an international cohort of 112 children (&lt;16 yr old) hospitalized for COVID-19 pneumonia, we report 12 children (10.7%) aged 1.5-13 yr with critical (7 children), severe (3), and moderate (2) pneumonia and 4 of the 15 known clinically recessive and biochemically complete inborn errors of type I IFN immunity: X-linked recessive TLR7 deficiency (7 children) and autosomal recessive IFNAR1 (1), STAT2 (1), or TYK2 (3) deficiencies. Fibroblasts deficient for IFNAR1, STAT2, or TYK2 are highly vulnerable to SARS-CoV-2. These 15 deficiencies were not found in 1,224 children and adults with benign SARS-CoV-2 infection without pneumonia (P = 1.2 x 10(-11)) and with overlapping age, sex, consanguinity, and ethnicity characteristics. Recessive complete deficiencies of type I IFN immunity may underlie similar to 10% of hospitalizations for COVID-19 pneumonia in children