Midiatização, cibercultura e educação: vocabulário e processos de ensino aprendizagem na educação profissional

A internet e as redes sociais têm se tornado, cada vez mais, parte do cotidiano e da aprendizagem de jovens, adolescentes e crianças, o que representa um desafio ao método tradicional de ensino das escolas brasileiras. Sendo assim, a presente comunicação discute a influência dos novos meios de comunicação no processo de ensino-aprendizagem, especificamente, no cotidiano de estudantes do Ensino Médio Integrado à Educação Profissional do Instituto Federal do Pará (IFPA). Os resultados apresentados foram obtidos por meio de revisão bibliográfica, aplicação de questionário e entrevistas junto a estudantes de cursos técnicos integrados ao ensino médio do IFPA, campus Belém. Por meio dela, notou-se a existência de um vocabulário social, que oriundo do ciberespaço, participa, crescentemente, dos processos sociais, em especial a educação. Notou-se, ainda, que as Tecnologias Digitais de Informação e Comunicação (TDIC) estão, cada vez mais, presentes no ambiente escolar, participando dos processos de ensino-aprendizagem. Com base nestes resultados, foi possível inferir que a internet e as redes sociais não só participam ativamente da socialização e vida da maioria dos alunos, como também são componentes indissociáveis do processo de ensino-aprendizagem tradicional, demonstrando a importância de sua incorporação ao debate sobre o fazer pedagógico

Tablet Use in Young Children is Associated with Advanced Fine Motor Skills

To evaluate whether frequent interactive tablet-use at preschool age is associated with improved fine motor skills and to describe tablet-use in young children. Cross-sectional study with 78 children, aged 24-42 months: group 1 with previous frequent tablet-use exposure (n = 26), group 2 without previous tablet-use exposure (n = 52). Fine motor skills were evaluated with the Bayley-III. Socioeconomic data and home environment quality were similar in both groups. Fine motor skills of group 1 were better than those of group 2 (p = 0.013). Most participating children carried out passive and active tablet activities, usually accompanied by parents, not exceeding time recommendations for young age. We observed a difference in fine motor skills in young children slightly favoring those with tablet-use experience

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL STUDY OF PLANTS USED IN THE MIDDLE XINGU REGION AMAZON FOREST

Introduction: The Amazonian peoples have medicinal knowledge built by symbiosis with the forest. This fact reinforces the importance of studies on the traditional use of natural products, describing the plants used for medicinal purposes. Therefore, this work aimed to carry out an ethnopharmacological survey of plants used by residents of the middle Xingu region, Pará, Brazil. Methods: Questionnaires based on the therapeutic use of plants were used. Results: 36 people were interviewed and 38 plants were described. Of the cataloged species, there was a greater number used in the treatment of infectious, digestive and circulatory diseases, with 21 plant species cited for the treatment of these diseases (the Lamiaceae family was the most cited with popular names). Other families demonstrated use associated with the treatment of infectious and parasitic diseases: Acanthaceae, Annonaceae, Bignoniaceae, Costaceae, Crassulaceae, Cucurbitaceae, Lecythidaceae, Plantaginaceae, Portulacaceae, Rubiaceae, Smilacaceae, Solanaceae, Urticaceae, Vitaceae and Zingiberaceae. With endocrine and nutritional functions, species of the Amaranthaceae family were listed. For skin diseases, the Portulacaceae and Vitaceae families. Discussion/Conclusions: The results showed that traditional healers have some knowledge about different diseases. However, scientific investigations are needed regarding the effects and toxicity of the herbal medicines used to treat them

Imersão e vivência da teoria à prática na construção civil: um relato de experiência associada a um abrigo para cães

Nas últimas décadas verificou-se um aumento significativo no número de animais domésticos abandonados, principalmente cães. Dessa forma, as organizações não governamentais possuem um papel fundamental na proteção dos animais nessa situação. Para isso, além de trabalho voluntário, é necessário que as instituições possuam espaços adequados para acolher esses animais. Assim, foi desenvolvido o presente projeto de extensão com o intuito de construir uma nova baia para os cães no Abrigo Independente Paraíso de Cães da cidade de Catalão-GO. O desenvolvimento do projeto contou com as etapas de planejamento, levantamento de dados e arrecadação de materiais para enfim efetivar a execução da obra. Assim, obteve-se resultados satisfatórios, tanto para o Abrigo, quanto para os participantes do projeto, que puderam aplicar os conhecimentos adquiridos no decorrer do curso de graduação em Engenharia Civil, bem como exercitar a cidadania. Ademais, pelo projeto, foi possível estreitar os laços entre a Universidade e a comunidade catalana, desempenhando um papel importante na melhoria de vida dos animais abandonados da cidade

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Geoeconomic variations in epidemiology, ventilation management, and outcomes in invasively ventilated intensive care unit patients without acute respiratory distress syndrome: a pooled analysis of four observational studies

Background: Geoeconomic variations in epidemiology, the practice of ventilation, and outcome in invasively ventilated intensive care unit (ICU) patients without acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) remain unexplored. In this analysis we aim to address these gaps using individual patient data of four large observational studies. Methods: In this pooled analysis we harmonised individual patient data from the ERICC, LUNG SAFE, PRoVENT, and PRoVENT-iMiC prospective observational studies, which were conducted from June, 2011, to December, 2018, in 534 ICUs in 54 countries. We used the 2016 World Bank classification to define two geoeconomic regions: middle-income countries (MICs) and high-income countries (HICs). ARDS was defined according to the Berlin criteria. Descriptive statistics were used to compare patients in MICs versus HICs. The primary outcome was the use of low tidal volume ventilation (LTVV) for the first 3 days of mechanical ventilation. Secondary outcomes were key ventilation parameters (tidal volume size, positive end-expiratory pressure, fraction of inspired oxygen, peak pressure, plateau pressure, driving pressure, and respiratory rate), patient characteristics, the risk for and actual development of acute respiratory distress syndrome after the first day of ventilation, duration of ventilation, ICU length of stay, and ICU mortality. Findings: Of the 7608 patients included in the original studies, this analysis included 3852 patients without ARDS, of whom 2345 were from MICs and 1507 were from HICs. Patients in MICs were younger, shorter and with a slightly lower body-mass index, more often had diabetes and active cancer, but less often chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and heart failure than patients from HICs. Sequential organ failure assessment scores were similar in MICs and HICs. Use of LTVV in MICs and HICs was comparable (42\ub74% vs 44\ub72%; absolute difference \u20131\ub769 [\u20139\ub758 to 6\ub711] p=0\ub767; data available in 3174 [82%] of 3852 patients). The median applied positive end expiratory pressure was lower in MICs than in HICs (5 [IQR 5\u20138] vs 6 [5\u20138] cm H2O; p=0\ub70011). ICU mortality was higher in MICs than in HICs (30\ub75% vs 19\ub79%; p=0\ub70004; adjusted effect 16\ub741% [95% CI 9\ub752\u201323\ub752]; p<0\ub70001) and was inversely associated with gross domestic product (adjusted odds ratio for a US$10 000 increase per capita 0\ub780 [95% CI 0\ub775\u20130\ub786]; p<0\ub70001). Interpretation: Despite similar disease severity and ventilation management, ICU mortality in patients without ARDS is higher in MICs than in HICs, with a strong association with country-level economic status. Funding: No funding

Mitochondrial physiology

As the knowledge base and importance of mitochondrial physiology to evolution, health and disease expands, the necessity for harmonizing the terminology concerning mitochondrial respiratory states and rates has become increasingly apparent. The chemiosmotic theory establishes the mechanism of energy transformation and coupling in oxidative phosphorylation. The unifying concept of the protonmotive force provides the framework for developing a consistent theoretical foundation of mitochondrial physiology and bioenergetics. We follow the latest SI guidelines and those of the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) on terminology in physical chemistry, extended by considerations of open systems and thermodynamics of irreversible processes. The concept-driven constructive terminology incorporates the meaning of each quantity and aligns concepts and symbols with the nomenclature of classical bioenergetics. We endeavour to provide a balanced view of mitochondrial respiratory control and a critical discussion on reporting data of mitochondrial respiration in terms of metabolic flows and fluxes. Uniform standards for evaluation of respiratory states and rates will ultimately contribute to reproducibility between laboratories and thus support the development of data repositories of mitochondrial respiratory function in species, tissues, and cells. Clarity of concept and consistency of nomenclature facilitate effective transdisciplinary communication, education, and ultimately further discovery