Use of tire derived aggregate in tunnel cut-and-cover

A case-history is reported in which tire derived aggregate (TDA) was successfully applied to reduce the weight of fill upon a cut-and-cover railway tunnel. Subsequent 3D numerical analyses are used to explore the effect of different assumptions about the constitutive model of the TDA material. Alternative dispositions of TDA around the tunnel section are also examined. Reductions of up to 60% in lining bending moment may be achieved. For the case analyzed the elastic description of the TDA has little influence on tunnel lining loads, although is important for fill settlement estimates.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft

The Cognitive Process of Elementary School Students When Learning English As a Foreign Language

En los últimos años, la importancia de enseñar idiomas extranjeros ha aumentado, dicha importancia se ha reflejado en el desarrollo del Inglés en el campo académico, ya que el conocimiento del idioma se considera hoy en día como una necesidad para el desarrollo individual en diferentes áreas de la vida. Es por eso por lo que es conveniente estimular el desarrollo de habilidades cognitivas como la memoria, la atención, el procesamiento y la secuenciación en los estudiantes de primaria para el desarrollo óptimo del aprendizaje del idioma extranjero en Inglés. La enseñanza del Inglés se refleja en el desarrollo de la educación de la primera infancia y la educación primaria, este documento se centrará en el estudio de las habilidades cognitivas en el aprendizaje del inglés en la educación primaria para estimular el desarrollo de las mismas. En relación a esto el objetivo del trabajo es determinar la relación de los procesos cognitivos de memoria, atención, procesamiento y secuenciación con el aprendizaje del idioma inglés de estudiantes de primaria. En este sentido, en la presente monografía pude desarrollar un análisis en relación entre las metodologías estudiadas y la documentación profesional sobre este tema, finalmente y como conclusión las metodologías estudiadas deben ponerse en práctica, esto con el fin de estimular las habilidades cognitivas en los niños cuando aprenden un segundo idioma como el Inglés.Student, Mayra Alejandra Rodríguez Toledo, The cognitive process of elementary school students when learning english as a foreign language. Licenciatura en Lenguas Extranjeras con énfasis en Inglés, May, 2020, Universidad Nacional Abierta y a Distancia. In recent years the importance of teaching foreign languages has increased, this has been reflected in the development of English in the academic field, the knowledge of the language is considered today as a necessity for individual development in different areas of life. Therefore it is convenient to stimulate cognitive development in memory, attention, processing, and sequencing skills in elementary students for the optimal development of English foreign language learning. English teaching is reflected in the development of early childhood education and primary education, this document focuses in the relationship of cognitive processes with learning English in primary education to stimulate cognitive development in memory, attention, processing, and Sequencing skills, having said that, the objective of the work is to reflect the importance of the cognitive abilities in the child to acquire the English language, basing the work in the elementary school educational environment. In this sense, this document reflects the importance of the cognitive processes for learning English, through this monograph I was able to develop an analysis of the practical approach of the relationship between the methodologies studied and professional documentation on this topic, finally and as a conclusion, the processes studied must be put into practice, this to stimulate cognitive skills in children when learning a second language such as English

Contributing to VRPN with a new server for haptic devices (ext. version)

This article is an extended version of the poster paper: Cuevas-Rodriguez, M., Gonzalez-Toledo D., Molina-Tanco, L., Reyes-Lecuona A., 2015, November. “Contributing to VRPN with a new server for haptic devices”. In Proceedings of the ACM symposium on Virtual reality software and technology. ACM.http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2821592.2821639VRPN is a middleware to access Virtual Reality peripherals. VRPN standard distribution supports Geomagic® (formerly Phantom) haptic devices through the now superseded GHOST library. This paper presents VRPN OpenHaptics Server, a contribution to VRPN library that fully reimplements VRPN support of Geomagic Haptic Devices. The implementation is based on the OpenHaptics v3.0 HLAPI layer, which supports all Geomagic Haptic Devices. We present the architecture of the contributed server, a detailed description of the offered API and an analysis of its performance in a set of example scenarios.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

DEM simulation of soil-tool interaction under extraterrestrial environmental effects

In contrast to terrestrial environment, the harsh lunar environment conditions include lower gravity acceleration, ultra-high vacuum and high (low) temperature in the daytime (night-time). This paper focuses on the effects of those mentioned features on soil cutting tests, a simplified excavation test, to reduce the risk of lunar excavation missions. Soil behavior and blade performance were analyzed under different environmental conditions. The results show that: (1) the cutting resistance and the energy consumption increase linearly with the gravity. The bending moment has a bigger increasing rate in low gravity fields due to a decreasing moment arm; (2) the cutting resistance, energy consumption and bending moment increase significantly because of the raised soil strength on the lunar environment, especially in low gravity fields. Under the lunar environment, the proportions of cutting resistance, bending moment and energy consumption due to the effect of the van der Waals forces are significant. Thus, they should be taken into consideration when planning excavations on the Moon. Therefore, considering that the maximum frictional force between the excavator and the lunar surface is proportional to the gravity acceleration, the same excavator that works efficiently on the Earth may not be able to work properly on the Moon.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft

The HIHI- and H2H_{2}-to-stellar mass correlations of late- and early-type galaxies and their consistency with the observational mass functions

We compile and carrefully homogenize local galaxy samples with available information on stellar, $\rm HI$ and/or $\rm H_{2}$ masses, and morphology. After processing the information on upper limits in the case of non gas detections, we determine the $\rm HI$- and $\rm H_{2}$-to-stellar mass relations and their $1\sigma$ scatter for both late- and early-type galaxies. The obtained relations are fitted to single or double power laws. Late-type galaxies are significantly gas richer than early-type ones, specially at high masses. The respective $\rm H_{2}$-to-$\rm HI$ mass ratios as a function of $M_{\ast}$ are discussed. Further, we constrain the full mass-dependent distribution functions of the $\rm HI$- and $\rm H_{2}$-to-stellar mass ratios. We find that they can be described by a Schechter function for late types and a (broken) Schechter + uniform function for early types. By using the observed galaxy stellar mass function and the volume-complete late-to-early-type galaxy ratio as a function of $M_{\ast}$, these empirical distribution functions are mapped into $\rm HI$ and $\rm H_{2}$ mass functions. The obtained mass functions are consistent with those inferred from large surveys. The empirical gas-to-stellar mass relations and their distributions for local late- and early-type galaxies presented here can be used to constrain models and simulations of galaxy evolution.Comment: 43 pages, 18 figures, to appear in RMxAA. Minor corrections introduced. The presented results are optimal for comparisons with theoretical predictions. Py-code to generate the HI- and H2-to-stellar mass relations and their 1sigma scatter, as well as the full mass-dependent distribution functions of the MHI/Ms and MH2/Ms ratios are available upon request to A.R. Calett

Enfoque de cadenas globales, en pequeños productores de muebles de madera, Guatemala

El artículo se refiere a la producción de mueble de madera tapizado y solido, que realizan los pequeños productores de muebles del municipio de San Juan Sacatepéquez, en Guatemala. Se parte del desarrollo teórico-metodológico del enfoque de Cadenas Globales de Mercancías -CGM- que se da al trabajo, con la salvedad de que los productores sujetos de análisis operan sólo a nivel del mercado nacional. En las dimensiones que integran el enfoque, se abordan aspectos relacionados con el insumo producto, para ver la procedencia de las materias primas y su proceso de transformación. Destaca el proceso de la producción en los talleres y las relaciones que se establecen con otros agentes en el aprovisionamiento de las materias primas y las fuentes de financiamiento. La comercialización de los muebles saca a la luz las condiciones en que actúan. El papel de la organización de pequeños productores de muebles abre nuevas expectativas en la producción y la comercialización. La ubicación geográfica del municipio genera ventajas comparativas, en materia de disposición de la materia prima y la cercanía a la capital para mercadear los productos. Se aborda aspectos institucionales públicos y privados en diferentes etapas como el diseño y la comercialización. Finalmente, se presentan conclusiones sobre los aspectos más relevantes.The paper refers to furniture upholstery and solid wood production, made by small furniture producers in the municipality of San Juan Sacatepéquez, Guatemala. It is part of the development of theoretical and methodological approach to global supply of goods-CGM chain, which is to work, except that producers operate under analysis only at the national market. In sizes up the approach addressing issues related to the input product, to see the source of raw materials and processing. It emphasizes the production process in the workshops and the established relations with other actors in the raw materials supply and funding sources. The furniture placing shows the conditions in which they operate. The small producers of furniture organization role, opens new expectations in the production and marketing. The geographical location of the town creates a comparative advantage provision terms of raw materials and proximity to the capital to market the products. It addresses public and private institutional issues at different stages such as design and marketing. Finally conclusions are presented on aspects

Indexed University presses: overlap and geographical distribution in five book assessment databases

[EN] Scholarly books have been a periphery among the objects of study of bibliometrics until recent developments provided tools for assessment purposes. Among scholarly book publishers, University Presses (UPs hereinafter), subject to specific ends and constrains in their publishing activity, might also remain on a second-level periphery despite their relevance as scholarly book publishers. In this study the authors analyze the absolute and relative presence, overlap and uniquely-indexed cases of 503 UPs by country, among five assessment-oriented databases containing data on scholarly book publishers: Book Citation Index, Scopus, Scholarly Publishers Indicators (Spain), the lists of publishers from the Norwegian System (CRISTIN) and the lists of publishers from the Finnish System (JUFO). The comparison between commercial databases and public, national databases points towards a differential pattern: prestigious UPs in the English Speaking world represent larger shares and there is a higher overall percentage of UPs in the commercial databases, while the richness and diversity is higher in the case of national databases. Explicit or de facto biases towards production in English by commercial databases, as well as diverse indexation criteria might explain the differences observed. The analysis of the presence of UPs in different numbers of databases by country also provides a general picture of the average degree of diffusion of UPs among information systems. The analysis of ‘endemic’ UPs, those indexed only in one of the five databases points out to strongly different compositions of UPs in commercial and non-commercial databases. A combination of commercial and non commercial databases seems to be the optimal option for assessment purposes while the validity and desirability of the ongoing debate on the role of UPs can be also concluded.This research has been carried out in the framework of the Project CSO2015-63693, ‘Las prensas universitarias iberoamericanas y el libro científico en español: calidad, modelos de negocio y política institucional’ funded by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and CompetitivenessPeer reviewe

¿Por qué nadie habla ya de las bases de datos bibliográficas “clásicas”?

The role of specialized bibliographic databases in the current environment of online information search dominated by search engines and large multidisciplinary databases is described. The databases usefulness for searching specialized information and the need for intermediation of the resource centres for research are discussed

“EFICACIA DEL TRATAMIENTO CON FACTOR VIII LIOFILIZADO EN LA PROFILAXIS DE HEMARTROSIS EN PACIENTES PEDIATRICOS CON HEMOFILIA A DURANTE EL PERIODO DE JULIO 2008 A DICIEMBRE 2011 EN EL HOSPITAL MATERNO INFANTIL DEL ISSEMyM”

Antecedentes: La hemofilia A y la hemofilia B son los trastornos hemorrágicos hereditarios más comunes y graves. La hemofilia A es una enfermedad hereditaria, caracterizada por la deficiencia de factor VIII de la coagulación, y que presenta como principal morbilidad el sangrado a nivel articular (hemartrosis). Objetivo: evaluar la eficacia de la profilaxis de hemartrosis en pacientes pediátricos con hemofilia A con factor VIII liofilizado en el hospital Materno Infantil del ISSEMyM. Material y Método: Se diseñó un estudio cuasiexperimental, reclutados en el Hospital Materno Infantil del ISSEMyM durante el periodo de Julio de 2008 a Diciembre de 2011. Donde fueron incluidos pacientes con diagnóstico de hemofilia A, a los cuales se administró profilaxis de hemartrosis con liofilizado de Factor VIII a razón de 25 UI/kg peso, intravenoso 3 veces por semana, durante un periodo no menor a 6 meses. Resultados: Ingresaron al estudio 8 pacientes, los cuales cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión. La edad mínima fue de 2 años 8 meses y la máxima de 17 años. El 62.5% de los pacientes fueron hemofilia grave y el 37.5% fueron hemofilia moderada. Dosis administrada promedio fue de 25 UI/Kg. El seguimiento fue de mínimo 6 meses y máximo de 12 meses. Dos pacientes no presentaron eventos de hemartrosis durante el periodo de estudio Conclusiónes: A pesar de que fue un estudio piloto se encontró eficacia del tratamiento profiláctico en el 25% donde se evito el evento hemartrósico. La profilaxis disminuye los costos en cuanto a discapacidad y dependencia económica ya que un paciente puede entrar a la vida económicamente activa