Papel de MKP1 en carcinogénesis y en respuesta a agentes quimioterápicos

Tesis doctoral inédita leída en la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid. Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Bioquímica. Fecha de lectura: 30 de Junio de 201

Nivmar: a storm surge forecasting system for Spanish waters

In this paper, a storm surge prediction system for the Spanish Waters is presented. The system, named Nivmar, is based on the ocean circulation Hamsom model and on the harmonical prediction of tides computed from data measured by the tide gauge network Redmar, managed by Puertos del Estado. Nivmar is executed twice a day, running Hamsom forced by meteorological fields derived from the INM (Instituto Nacional de Meteorología) operational application of Hirlam atmospheric model. Data from Redmar tide gauges is used to to forecast the tidal elevations, to validate the system and to perform data assimilation, correcting systematic errors in the mean sea level due to physicals processes that are not included in the ocean model (i. e. steric height). The forecast horizon is 48 hours. In order to validate the system with measured data from Redmar a very stormy 5 months period was selected. Results from this test (November 95 to March 96) are presented. Data from this experiment shown that Nivmar is able to correctly predict sea level in the region. A simple data assimilation scheme for sea level is described and results from its application are studied. Finally, special focus is made in future plans and potential developments and applications of the system.No disponibl

Fluorescence emission analysis of photodynamic therapy photosensitizer as a monitoring biomarker

Photodynamic Therapy is a selective optical tumor destruction technique with practically no secondary effects. Monitoring by fluorescence photosensitizer emission is essential for an adequate treatment dosimetry, which avoids recurrence.This work has been partially supported by the project “New active phases in transition metals and rare earth nano-oxides stabilized at high pressure” (MAT2015-69508-P) of the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness, cofunded by FEDER funds, and by the San Cándido Foundation

Procalcitonin and lung ultrasound algorithm to diagnose severe pneumonia in critical paediatric patients (PROLUSP study). A randomised clinical trial

Lung ultrasound (LUS) in combination with a biomarker has not yet been studied. We propose a clinical trial where the primary aims are: 1. To assess whether an algorithm with LUS and procalcitonin (PCT) may be useful for diagnosing bacterial pneumonia; 2. To analyse the sensitivity and specificity of LUS vs chest X-ray (CXR). A 3-year clinical trial. Inclusion criteria: children younger than 18 years old with suspected pneumonia in a Paediatric Intensive Care Unit. Patients will be randomised into two groups: Experimental Group: LUS will be performed as first lung image. Control Group: CXR will be performed as first pulmonary image. Patients will be classified according to the image and the PCT: a) PCT 1 ng/mL, antibiotic therapy is recommended. This algorithm will help us to diagnose bacterial pneumonia and to prescribe the correct antibiotic treatment. A reduction of antibiotics per patient, of the treatment length, and of the exposure to ionizing radiation and in costs is expected

Optical characterization of tissue-simulating phantoms with microparticles by Digital Image Plane Holography

Digital Image Plane Holography (DIPH) is a non-invasive optical technique which is able to recover the whole object wave. An object is illuminated and the diffused backscattered light is carried to a digital sensor by using a lens, where it interferes with a divergent reference wave with its origin in the lens aperture plane. Selecting each aperture image in the Fourier plane, the amplitude and the phase of the object beam are obtained. If two holograms are recorded at different times, after a small displacement, the reconstructed intensity distributions can be taken as a speckle field, while the phase difference distribution can be analyzed by an interferometric approach. In this work scattering media are investigated by using digital holography. The aim of this paper is to determine the viability of the technique to characterized optical properties of the sample. Different scattering media are modeled with different scattering properties. Each model generates a speckle pattern with different statistical properties (size, contrast, intensity). Both the visibility of the interferometric fringes and the properties of speckle pattern are related with optical properties of the media such as absorption and scattering coefficient. The ability to measure these properties makes the technique a promising method for biomedical applications.This work has been partially supported by the project “New active phases in transition metals and rare earth nano-oxides stabilized at high pressure” (MAT2015-69508-P) of the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness, cofunded by FEDER funds, and by the San Cándido Foundation

Analysis of nanoparticles optical propagation influence in biological tissue simulating phantoms

The applications of nanoparticles in optical techniques of diagnosis and treatment of biological tissues are increasing. Image contrast can be improved in diagnostic approaches such as fluorescence, spectroscopy or optical coherence tomography. The therapeutic effect can be increased if nanoparticles are previously incorporated in the biological tissue. This is the case in thermotherapy, or in Photodynamic Therapy. All these applications take advantage of specific properties of the nanoparticles involved, either optical up- or down-conversion, thermal confinement or the ability to act as a drug-carrier. Although many biomedical applications that involve nanoparticles are being proposed and tested, there is a need to take into account the influence of those nanoparticles on optical radiation propagation. The previously mentioned optical treatment and diagnosis techniques assume a particular optical propagation pattern, which is altered by the addition of nanoparticles. This change depends on the nanoparticle material, shape, size and concentration, among other parameters. In order to try to quantify these changes, in this work several phantoms that include different nanoparticles are analyzed, in order to estimate the influence of nanoparticles in optical propagation. A theoretical model of optical propagation, which takes into account the absorption and scattering changes in the medium, is also considered. Nanoparticles of different sizes from 40 nm to 1µm are analyzed. Nanoparticle materials of interest in biomedical applications are employed. The results are relevant in diagnosis interpretation of images and treatment outcome evaluation when nanoparticles are present.This work has been partially supported by the project “New active phases in transition metals and rare earth nano-oxides stabilized at high pressure” (MAT2015-69508-P) of the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness, cofunded by FEDER funds, and by the San Cándido Foundation

Gold(III) bis(thiosemicarbazonate) compounds in breast cancer cells: Cytotoxicity and thioredoxin reductase targeting

Gold(III) compounds have received increasing attention in cancer research. Three gold complexes of general formula [AuIIIL]Cl, where L is benzil bis(thiosemicarbazonate), compound 1, benzil bis(4-methyl-3-thiosemicarbazonate), compound 2, or benzil bis(4-cyclohexyl-3-thiosemicarbazonate), compound 3, have been synthesized and fully characterized, including the X-ray crystal structure of compound 3, confirming square-planar geometry around the gold(III) centre. Compound 1 showed moderate cytotoxicity and accumulation in MCF7 breast cancer cells but did not inhibit thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) activity and did not induce reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Compound 2, the least cytotoxic, was found to be capable of modestly inhibiting TrxR activity and produced low levels of ROS in the MCF7 cell line. The most cytotoxic compound, 3, had the highest cellular accumulation and its distribution pattern showed a clear preference for the cytosol and mitochondria of MCF7 cells. It readily hampered intracellular TrxR activity leading to a dramatic alteration of the cellular redox state and to the induction of cell deathThis research was supported by the EC (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-CIG, no. 631396), the MINECO of Spain (RYC-2012-11231, and CTQ2014-60100-R), the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (PS09/00963), and the Comunidad Autonoma de Madrid (S2013/MIT-2850

Valoración del efecto de la calcitonina en la consolidación de la fractura de Colles

Se estudian cuarenta pacientes en que se ha producido una Fractura de Epífisis Distal de Radio (Fractura de POUTEAU-COLLES) en pacientes mayores de cincuenta años, con signos de osteoroporosis. Se han hecho dos grupos aleatorios de veinte pacientes. El grupo A se ha tratado con un programa de calcitonina y calcio que cubre los tres primeros meses. El grupo B es tratado exclusivamente con calcio, por igual período. En ambos la reducción e inmovilización sigue los mismos criterios. Se evalúan los resultados, observando que el grupo A presenta menos secuelas dolorosas.The authors have studied 40 patients with fracture of distal epiphysis of radius (POUTEAU-COLLES' fracture) all of them fifty years old with signs of osteoporosis. They have made two groups of patients (20 every one). The group A has been treated with a program of calcitonin and calcium during three months. The group B has been treated only with calcium, three months, as well as the other group. Both groups have the same criterion of reduction and inmovilization. The evaluation of results in the first group showed less painful consequences

El Caribe, dos interpretaciones de su conformación histórica y regional: encuentros y divergencias entre Juan Bosch y Eric Williams

La historiografía del Caribe es diversa en cuanto a la cantidad de estudios que la avalan. Disímiles han sido los esfuerzos por recoger en una obra siglos de profundo acontecer histórico vinculados directamente a los centros de poder mundial. El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo el análisis historiográfico de dos de sus obras más relevantes: De Cristóbal Colón a Fidel Castro. El Caribe frontera imperial, de Juan Bosch y From Columbus to Castro: The history of the Caribbean 1492-1969, de Eric Williams. Se consultaron para ello, los textos que son objeto de análisis, así como otras fuentes relacionadas con la temática, los autores y el contexto histórico y espacial. La metodología utilizada fue el análisis y revisión crítica de fuentes historiográficas. El estudio demuestra la importancia de la región del Caribe en el devenir histórico de la humanidad. Permite comprender los variados fenómenos ocurridos al interior de los países caribeños y delinear una futura estrategia política, económica y social en el marco de la comprensión holística de la historia. Los autores analizan la historia del Caribe desde una visión nacionalista. Ambas recrean diversos períodos del desarrollo de estos pueblos apoyándose en hitos que son culminantes en su devenir como región histórica. Su actualidad radica en su alto valor metodológico, un profundo estudio documental y la necesidad de seguir estudiando nuestro pasado común en aras de construir un mejor presente

Research in Mathematics Education through Spanish scholarly publications

Se presenta un estudio bibliométrico y de análisis de las redes de colaboración en los artículos de investigación en Educación Matemática publicados en una muestra de revistas españolas en el período 1999-2008. Para ello se han analizado los 774 artículos publicados en un conjunto de ocho revistas españolas representativas verificándose el cumplimiento de las leyes o patrones propios de la Cienciometría y comprobándose un bajo grado de colaboración científica entre los investigadores del área y también entre las institucionesWe present a bibliometric study of research articles on mathematics education, as well as an analysis of networks of collaboration in the same, based on a sample of Spanish journals published during the period 1999-2008. For this purpose we analyzed 774 articles published in the eight most representative Spanish journals in the fi eld. The results show compliance with scientometric laws and patterns, as well as verifying the low level of scientifi c collaboration among researchers in the area, as well as among institution