Bioactivity of Curcumin on the Cytochrome P450 Enzymes of the Steroidogenic Pathway.

Turmeric, a popular ingredient in the cuisine of many Asian countries, comes from the roots of the Curcuma longa and is known for its use in Chinese and Ayurvedic medicine. Turmeric is rich in curcuminoids, including curcumin, demethoxycurcumin, and bisdemethoxycurcumin. Curcuminoids have potent wound healing, anti-inflammatory, and anti-carcinogenic activities. While curcuminoids have been studied for many years, not much is known about their effects on steroid metabolism. Since many anti-cancer drugs target enzymes from the steroidogenic pathway, we tested the effect of curcuminoids on cytochrome P450 CYP17A1, CYP21A2, and CYP19A1 enzyme activities. When using 10 µg/ml of curcuminoids, both the 17α-hydroxylase as well as 17,20 lyase activities of CYP17A1 were reduced significantly. On the other hand, only a mild reduction in CYP21A2 activity was observed. Furthermore, CYP19A1 activity was also reduced up to ~20% of control when using 1-100 µg/ml of curcuminoids in a dose-dependent manner. Molecular docking studies confirmed that curcumin could dock onto the active sites of CYP17A1, CYP19A1, as well as CYP21A2. In CYP17A1 and CYP19A1, curcumin docked within 2.5 Å of central heme while in CYP21A2 the distance from heme was 3.4 Å, which is still in the same range or lower than distances of bound steroid substrates. These studies suggest that curcuminoids may cause inhibition of steroid metabolism, especially at higher dosages. Also, the recent popularity of turmeric powder as a dilatory supplement needs further evaluation for the effect of curcuminoids on steroid metabolism. The molecular structure of curcuminoids could be modified to generate better lead compounds with inhibitory effects on CYP17A1 and CYP19A1 for potential drugs against prostate cancer and breast cancer

Coaching and education: background, trends and research proposal at University level.

This article seeks to establish a brief balance regarding the coaching applied to the education field. It is based on a research made in the United States where an important activity of research has taken place, as well as, reflection and coaching balance related to the education. The issues addressed in this work are: 1-Research into the effect of the teacher in teaching ("teacher effect"), conducted by researchers Harold Wenglinsky (2000), William Sanders and June Rivers (1996), which provides that the teaching exercise increases the efficiency income levels of students. This research served as the basis for the first attempts to apply the principles of coaching in the area of education. 2-Statement of common approaches applied to teaching coaching developed in the United States: Literacy coaching (Moran, 2007 & Toll, 2005), and cognitive coaching (Costa & Garmston, 2002). At this point are presented the tools developed for implementing literacy coaching: a-"Road planning a demonstration lesson" instrument proposed by Cathy Toll; b-"Lesson planning guide" developed by Judith White c-"Contact form teacher" by Kristin Rainville. Then, we illustrate the technique of "cognitive coaching" developed by Donna Diddly and the tools to apply pre and post-test. 3-Considerations on the various roles of the coach in the process of educational interaction, based on the proposals of the American researcher Jollen Killion, ending with the concepts of "culture of the school" (healthy culture and unhealthy culture), and the two models of coaching that can develop in the process of intervention: light and heavy coaching.pre-print202 K

La adquisición de la lectura: camino de una educación para todos.

El propósito de este estudio, fue demostrar que el desarrollo de habilidades metalingüísticas, en este caso la conciencia fonológica, es un camino que abre posibilidades a los niños para lograr con éxito la adquisición de los procesos lectores. La propuesta se desarrolló en tres fases: una fase de acercamiento a la comunidad con el fin de conocer y motivar a los participantes que posteriormente conformaron el grupo focal, en la segunda fase se reconocieron las experiencias de los maestros acerca de la enseñanza de la lectura, en la tercera fase se llevó a cabo el análisis de los resultados, y se efectuó el proceso de retroalimentación a la comunidad, construyendo de manera conjunta con los docentes una cartilla “desarrollo la conciencia fonológica” para privilegiar el desarrollo de la habilidad metalingüística que supera la noción del método. El objetivo fue contribuir en la transformación de las prácticas de los docentes para que asuman la enseñanza de la lectura más allá del método, desarrollando de la habilidad metalingüística, para brindar a los niños un acercamiento eficaz a los procesos lectores, evitando futuras dificultades de orden académico y social, a la vez que se propicie la permanencia en el sistema educativo.Universidad de San Buenaventura, sede Bogot

A teaching method based on dialogical coaching for developing the self-learning competence.

This paper presents a new method for developing the competence of self-learning based on dialogical coaching. Coaching is a practice for training people in using their own resources, knowledge and expertise to achieve goals or increase performance. Self-learning means using self-resources to learn so coaching is a good approach to develop this competence. Particularly, our proposal is based on the principles, skills and procedures of dialogical coaching, a new model of coaching based on dialogical philosophy.pre-print84 K

Development and Assessment of the self-directed learning competence.

With the establishment of the European Space for Higher Education traditional teaching methods have been replaced by new ones focused on Competence Based Learning. New techniques for competence assessment are also needed. We present an assessment method for the self-learning competence, based on rubrics and questionnaires.pre-print172 K

Plan de auditoria para el programa de auditoria interna al sistema de gestión de calidad iso 22000:2018 de productos alimenticios Magdalana

En el trabajo final para el diplomado de profundización en sistemas de gestión de la inocuidad y del ambiente para el sector de alimentos, se describe cada uno de los planes de auditoria asociados al programa de auditoria socializado en el anexo 1 ( Formato programa de auditoria Fase 3 ), con la finalidad de proponer la estructura para realizar la verificación y cierre de los hallazgos encontrados durante el seguimiento a los procesos productivos de la empresa Magdalana, los cuales son insumo importante en la mejora continua de los procesos con alcance al sistema integrado de gestión de la inocuidad y el ambiente.In the final work for the in-depth diploma in safety and environmental management systems for the food sector, each of the audit plans associated with the audit program socialized in Annex 1 (Audit program format Phase 3), in order to propose the structure to verify and close the results found during the monitoring of the production processes of the Magdalana company, which are an important input in the continuous improvement of the processes with scope to the integrated system of safety and environmental management

Estructura de relaciones interorganizacionales. Análisis de redes sociales comuna seis de Medellín

RESUMEN: El estudio que se presenta a continuación, a través de la metodología denominada Análisis de Redes Sociales, permitió develar la estructura de relaciones interorganizacionales comunitarias de la comuna seis de Medellín, mediante la identificación de las relaciones establecidas entre las organizaciones focales y otras externas a la comuna, en torno al intercambio de diferentes tipos de recursos como son el financiero, la cooperación, la información y la legitimidad. El fin principal del mismo consistió en identificar la posición de las organizaciones de la comuna frente a la planeación y gestión del desarrollo, proceso que implica la identificación de actores, problemas, intereses y recursos

Liver osteopontin is required to prevent the progression of age-related nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

[EN] Osteopontin (OPN), a senescence-associated secretory phenotype factor, is increased in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Cellular senescence has been associated with age-dependent hepatosteatosis. Thus, we investigated the role of OPN in the age-related hepatosteatosis. For this, human serum samples, animal models of aging, and cell lines in which senescence was induced were used. Metabolic fluxes, lipid, and protein concentration were determined. Among individuals with a normal liver, we observed a positive correlation between serum OPN levels and increasing age. This correlation with age, however, was absent in patients with NAFLD. In wild-type (WT) mice, serum and liver OPN were increased at 10 months old (m) along with liver p53 levels and remained elevated at 20m. Markers of liver senescence increased in association with synthesis and concentration of triglycerides (TG) in 10m OPN-deficient (KO) hepatocytes when compared to WT hepatocytes. These changes in senescence and lipid metabolism in 10m OPN-KO mice liver were associated with the decrease of 78 kDa glucose-regulated protein (GRP78), induction of ER stress, and the increase in fatty acid synthase and CD36 levels. OPN deficiency in senescent cells also diminished GRP78, the accumulation of intracellular TG, and the increase in CD36 levels. In 20m mice, OPN loss led to increased liver fibrosis. Finally, we showed that OPN expression in vitro and in vivo was regulated by p53. In conclusion, OPN deficiency leads to earlier cellular senescence, ER stress, and TG accumulation during aging. The p53-OPN axis is required to inhibit the onset of agerelated hepatosteatosis.This work was supported by Ayudas para apoyar grupos de investigación del sistema Universitario Vasco (IT971‐16 to P.A.), MINECO‐FEDER (SAF2017‐87301‐R to M.L.M‐Ch) MCIU/AEI/FEDER, UE (RTI2018‐095134‐B‐100 to P.A. and RTI2018‐099413‐B‐I00 to RN, Asociación Española contra el Cáncer, Canceres raros (M.L.M‐Ch), La Caixa Foundation (to M.L.M‐Ch), Ayudas Fundación BBVA a equipos de Investigación Científica 2018 (to M.L.M‐Ch), Xunta de Galicia (RN: 2015‐CP080 and 2016‐ PG057), Fundación BBVA (RN), and European Foundation for the Study of Diabetes (RN). ISCIII‐FEDER PI17/00535 (to C.G‐M.), ISCIII‐FEDER CP14/00181 and PI16/00823 (to A.G‐ R.), and Francisco Cobos Foundation (to A.G‐R.). CiC bioGUNE thanks MINECO for the Severo Ochoa Excellence Accreditation (SEV‐2016‐ 0644

Impacto de un modelo de gestión de enfermedad en una población con tratamiento de diálisis en Colombia

Introducción. La implementación de modelos de gestión de enfermedad (MGE) ha demostrado mejores desenlaces en salud.Objetivo. Describir la tasa de hospitalización y mortalidad en una cohorte de pacientes con tratamiento de diálisis en la que se implementó un MGE.Materiales y métodos. Estudio de cohorte prospectivo en el que se incluyeron pacientes prevalentes en diálisis, mayores de 18 años, pertenecientes a la entidad promotora de salud del régimen contributivo Nueva EPS y con al menos tres meses de intervención con MGE en la red Renal Therapy Services (RTS) entre el 1 de enero y el 31 de diciembre de 2014. Para el análisis se usaron modelos multivariables de supervivencia y estadística descriptiva.Resultados. Se evaluaron 2 525 pacientes; la mediana de edad fue 64.5 años (RIC=19), el 56.9% (n=1 437) estaban en hemodiálisis, el 59.5% (n=1 503) fueron hombres y se encontró una tasa de hospitalización de 1.15 eventos por paciente/año (IC95%: 1.10- 1.19) con 9.6 días hospitalarios paciente/año. La tasa de mortalidad fue de 146 muertes por 1 000 pacientes/año (IC95%: 130.3-163.6).Conclusión. A pesar de la alta comorbilidad observada en esta población en diálisis intervenida con un MGE, se encontraron desenlaces clínicos favorables.Introduction: The implementation of disease management models (DMM) has shown better health outcomes.Objective: To describe hospitalization and mortality rates in a cohort of patients on dialysis in which a DMM was implemented.Materials and methods: Prospective cohort study in which prevalent dialysis patients, older than 18 years of age, belonging to the health promoter of the contributory scheme (Nueva EPS), and with at least three months of intervention with DMM, were included in the Renal Therapy Services Network (RTS) between January 1 and December 31, 2014.To conduct the multivariate analysis, survival models and descriptive statistics were used.Results: 2 525 patients were evaluated; median age was 64.5 years (IR=19); 56.9% (n=1 437) were on hemodialysis; 59.5% (n=1,503) were male, and a hospitalization rate of 1.15 events per patient/year was found (95% CI: 1.10-1.19) with 9.6 hospital patient days/year. The mortality rate was 146 deaths per 1 000 patients/year (95% CI: 130.3-163.6).Conclusion: Despite the high comorbidity observed in the population undergoing dialysis managed with DMM, favorable clinical outcomes were found

Association of Functional Polymorphisms of KIR3DL1/DS1 With Behçet's Disease

Behçet's disease (BD) is an immune-mediated vasculitis related to imbalances between the innate and adaptive immune response. Infectious agents or environmental factors may trigger the disease in genetically predisposed individuals. HLA-B51 is the genetic factor stronger associated with the disease, although the bases of this association remain elusive. NK cells have also been implicated in the etiopathogenesis of BD. A family of NK receptors, Killer-cell Immunoglobulin-like Receptor (KIR), with a very complex organization, is very important in the education and control of the NK cells by the union to their ligands, most of them, HLA class I molecules. This study aimed to investigate the contribution of certain KIR functional polymorphisms to the susceptibility to BD. A total of 466 BD patients and 444 healthy individuals were genotyped in HLA class I (A, B, and C). The set of KIR genes and the functional variants of KIR3DL1/DS1 and KIR2DS4 were also determined. Frequency of KIR3DL1004 was lower in patients than in controls (0.15 vs. 0.20, P = 0.005, Pc = 0.015; OR = 0.70; 95% CI 0.54-0.90) in both B51 positive and negative individuals. KIR3DL1004, which encodes a misfolded protein, is included in a common telomeric haplotype with only one functional KIR gene, KIR3DL2. Both, KIR3DL1 and KIR3DL2 sense pathogen-associated molecular patterns but they have different capacities to eliminate them. The education of the NK cells depending on the HLA, the balance of KIR3DL1/KIR3DL2 licensed NK cells and the different capacities of these receptors to eliminate pathogens could be involved in the etiopathogenesis of BD