47 research outputs found
Cri du chat syndrome : a critical review
A new syndrome was identified in 1963, when Lejeune et al. reported a genetic disease resulting from a partial or total deletion on the short arm of chromosome 5 (5p-) and named it the cri du chat syndrome (CdCS). This term makes reference to the main clinical feature of the syndrome, a high-pitched monochromatic cat-like crying, that usually disappears in the first years of life. CdCS is one of the most common chromosomal deletion syndromes in humans, with an incidence of 1:15.000-1:50.000 live-births. Our purpose was to review different aspects of this syndrome (concept, epidemiology, aetiology, clinical features, diagnostic methods and prognosis) emphasizing both: the breakthrough in this field introduced by new cytogenetic and molecular techniques, and the orofacial manifestations most frequently reported. The main orofacial anomalies registered were mandibular microretrognathia, high palate but rarely cleft, variable malocclusion (frequently anterior open-bite), enamel hypoplasia, poor oral hygiene, generalized chronic periodontitis, and retardation of tooth eruption, although there is not enough evidence to support any clear association between these pathologies and the CdCS
Double-blind, randomized pilot study of bioadhesive chlorhexidine gel in the prevention and treatment of mucositis induced by chemoradiotherapy of head and neck cancer
Background: To evaluate, in an initial way, the effectiveness of bioadhesive chlorhexidine gel 0.2% versus placebo as a preventive and therapeutic intervention of oral mucositis induced by radiation therapy and chemotherapy in patients diagnosed with head and neck cancer treated with chemoradiotherapy.
Material and Methods In this pilot study, 7 patients (range of age: 18- 65), having histological documented diagnosis of squamous carcinoma on the head and neck region in stage III and IV, and receiving combined radiation treatment and chemotherapy (cisplatin 100 mg/m2 IV on days 1, 22, and 43 of irradiation) were studied. Simultaneously, a topical application was performed with bioadhesive chlorhexidine gel 0.2% in the study group, and the placebo gel for the control group in 5 applications per day, from the time of initiation of cancer treatment to 2 weeks after completion of chemo-radiotherapy treatment (11 weeks of follow-up). The gradation of mucositis, pain, analgesic consumption, infectious complications, and treatment tolerance was measured.
Results. After 7 patients completed the protocol, any differences were observed between groups in an interval analysis. Mucositis, pain, and tolerance was similar in both groups.
Conclusions: Our results must be interpreted with caution due to the reduced sample size, but the use of bioadhesive chlorhexidine gel 0.2% didn’t contribute clinical improvement to the oral mucositis induced by radiation therapy and chemotherapy
Cancer treatment-induced oral mucositis: a critical review
Introduction.- Head and neck cancer represents actually one of the main oncological problems. In its treatment, radiotherapy and chemotherapy leads to mucositis, as well as other side effects.
Objective.- To review the high-quality evidence published over the last twenty-five years on the treatment of cancer treatment-induced oral mucositis.
Material and methods.- A search of double blind randomised controlled clinical trials between 1985 and 2010 was performed in the Medline database. Oral mucositis, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, head and neck were used as keywords.
Results.- The different therapeutic approaches found for cancer treatment-induced oral mucositis included: intensive oral hygiene care, use of topical antiseptics and antimicrobial agents, use of anti inflammatory agents, cytokines and growth factors, locally applied non-pharmacological methods, antioxidants, immune modulators, anticholeric agents and homoeopathic agents.
Discussion.- To date no intervention has been able to prevent and treat oral mucositis on its own. Therefore, it is necessary to combine interventions that act on the different phases of mucositis.
Conclusions.- It is still unclear as to which strategies reduce oral mucositis, as there is not enough
evidence that describes a treatment with a proven efficiency and better than the other treatments for this conditio
Suture needles in oral surgery : alterations depending on the type and number of sutures
This study examined whether the number and type of sutures used in oral surgery influence two ad hoc variables (incision plane and displaced area), which are two variables related to whether the suture needle is suitable for the task. Seventy-five TB-15 needles were studied, which were used to suture between zero and three mucosa and/subperiosteal sutures, producing 15 groups with 5 needles in each one. The incision plane and displaced area were measured for each group, which are two variables related to how the needle has worn and altered. Statistical treatment was conducted using the Kruskal-Wallis H test to compare multiple values and the Mann-Whitney U test to compare pairs. A multi-stage regression model was applied with the aim of predicting the changes in the dependent variables based on the number and type of sutures performed. The incision plane ranged from 126.67 to 346.24?m among the different groups. The displaced area was measured as being between 14 524.83?m 2 and 128 311.91?m 2. The best predictive model for the incision plane obtained a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.149, while it reached 0.249 for the displaced area. Subperiosteal sutures held more weighting among the variables studied. Mucosal sutures did not seem to greatly affect needle wear. Observations reported in this paper indicate that the needle should be changed after having performed two subperiosteal sutures, given the wear and change to the incision plane that is produced, which causes the needle's cutting ability to reduce. © Medicina Oral S. L
Determination of periodontopathogens in patients with Cri du chat syndrome
Objectives: Cri du chat syndrome is a genetic alteration associated with some oral pathologies. However, it has not
been described previously any clinical relationship between the periodontal disease and the syndrome. The purpose
of this comparative study was to compare periodontopathogenic flora in a group with Cri du chat syndrome
and another without the síndrome, to assess a potential microbiological predisposition to suffer a periodontitis.
Study Design: The study compared nineteen subjects with Cri du chat Syndrome with a control group of nineteen
patients without it. All patients were clinically evaluated by periodontal probing, valuing the pocket depth, the
clinical attachmente level and bleeding on probing. There were no significant differences between both groups.
Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia, Tannerella forsythia
and Treponema denticola were detected by multiplex-PCR using 16S rDNA (microIDENT).
Results: When A. actinomycetemcomitans, P. gingivalis, P. intermedia and T. denticola were compared, no statistically
significant differences were found between the two groups (p>0.05). The value of T. forsythia was significantly
higher for Cri du chat syndrome (31.6%) than for the control group (5.3%). The odds ratio for T. forsythia
was 8.3.
Conclusions: In the present study T. forsythia is associated with Cri du chat syndrome subjects and not with
healthy subjects
The effects of a topical gel containing chitosan, 0,2% chlorhexidine, allantoin and despanthenol on the wound healing process subsequent to impacted lower third molar extraction
Despite efforts to prevent postoperative discomfort, there are still many immediate side effects associated with the surgical extraction of impacted lower third molars. Cicatrization is a physiological process through which the loss of integrity of oral mucosa is recovered and damaged tissues are repaired. Bexident Post (ISDIN, Spain) is a topical gel that contains chitosan, 0.2% chlorhexidine, allantoin and dexpanthenol. While this gel has many clinical indications, there are no published clinical trials evaluating its use in impacted mandibular third molar surgery. This study aims to clinically evaluate the efficacy of a gel containing chitosan, 0.2% chlorhexidine, allantoin and dexpanthenol on wound healing and reduction of postoperative side effects and complications after extraction of an impacted mandibular third molar. A split-mouth design study was carried out on a total of 50 bilaterally and symmetrically impacted third molar extractions, which were randomly placed into either a control group (CG=25) or an experimental group (EG=25). Patients were all informed of the purpose of the study and provided written consent. All procedures were carried out by the same dental practitioner, in accordance with standard surgical protocol. A different dental practitioner, unaware of which treatment had been applied, provided follow-up care. The EG applied 10 ml of topical gel composed of chitosan, 0.2% chlorhexidine, allantoin and dexpanthenol to the surgical wound three times a day for 10 days, patients in the CG did not apply any gel. The groups were homogeneous insofar as potentially confounding variables. No significant findings were found regarding postoperative swelling and pain. Neither of the groups displayed poor healing or infectious complications of the wound during the postoperative period. In all the recorded follow-ups (Day 7 p=0.001, and Day 14 p=0.01), the wound?s aesthetic appearance was better in the EG. Overall treatment tolerance was satisfactory and similar in both groups. The gel composed of chitosan, 0.2% chlorhexidine, allantoin and dexpanthenol did not aid in patients? postoperative comfort; however, improved wound healing was observed
Formación en sostenibilidad mediante Aprendizaje Servicio, integrando los ODS en la Red de huertos escolares comunitarios HecoUsal
Memoria ID-027. Ayudas de la Universidad de Salamanca para la innovación docente, curso 2021-2022
Estrategia docente para reforzar el compromiso de los alumnos con su aprendizaje a través de prácticas de aprendizaje servicio en el marco de la red de huertos escolares comunitarios HecoUSAL
Memoria ID-0028. Ayudas de la Universidad de Salamanca para la innovación docente, curso 2017-2018
Innovación y consolidación de la red HecoUSAL. Integración de la digitalidad en el aprendizaje servicio
Memoria ID-080 Ayudas de la Universidad de Salamanca para la innovación docente, curso 2020-2021
Influence of Obesity and Metabolic Disease on Carotid Atherosclerosis in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease (CordioPrev Study)
Background
Recent data suggest that the presence of associated metabolic abnormalities may be
important modifiers of the association of obesity with a poorer prognosis in coronary heart
disease. We determined the influence of isolated overweight and obesity on carotid intima
media thickness (IMT-CC), and also assessed whether this influence was determined by
the presence of metabolic abnormalities.
Methods
1002 participants from the CordioPrev study were studied at entry. We determined their
metabolic phenotypes and performed carotid ultrasound assessment. We evaluated the
influence of obesity, overweight and metabolic phenotypes on the IMT-CC.
Results
Metabolically sick participants (defined by the presence of two or more metabolic abnormalities)
showed a greater IMT-CC than metabolically healthy individuals (p = 4 * 10−6). Overweight
and normal weight patients who were metabolically healthy showed a lower IMT-CC
than the metabolically abnormal groups (all p<0.05). When we evaluated only body weight
(without considering metabolic phenotypes), overweight or obese patients did not differsignificantly from normal-weight patients in their IMT-CC (p = 0.077). However, obesity was
a determinant of IMT-CC when compared to the composite group of normal weight and
overweight patients (all not obese).
Conclusions
In coronary patients, a metabolically abnormal phenotype is associated with a greater IMTCC,
and may be linked to a higher risk of suffering new cardiovascular events. The protection
conferred in the IMT-CC by the absence of metabolic abnormality may be blunted by
the presence of obesit