Imperfect Imitation Can Enhance Cooperation

The promotion of cooperation on spatial lattices is an important issue in evolutionary game theory. This effect clearly depends on the update rule: it diminishes with stochastic imitative rules whereas it increases with unconditional imitation. To study the transition between both regimes, we propose a new evolutionary rule, which stochastically combines unconditional imitation with another imitative rule. We find that, surprinsingly, in many social dilemmas this rule yields higher cooperative levels than any of the two original ones. This nontrivial effect occurs because the basic rules induce a separation of timescales in the microscopic processes at cluster interfaces. The result is robust in the space of 2x2 symmetric games, on regular lattices and on scale-free networks.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure

Unitary chiral dynamics in J/ΨJ/\Psi decays into VPPVPP and the role of the scalar mesons

We make a theoretical study of the \J decays into $\omega\pi\pi$, $\phi\pi\pi$, $\omega K \bar{K}$ and $\phi K\bar{K}$ using the techniques of the chiral unitary approach stressing the important role of the scalar resonances dynamically generated through the final state interaction of the two pseudoscalar mesons. We also discuss the importance of new mechanisms with intermediate exchange of vector and axial-vector mesons and the role played by the OZI rule in the \J\phi\pi\pi vertex, quantifying its effects. The results nicely reproduce the experimental data for the invariant mass distributions in all the channels considered.Comment: Prepared for the 10th International Symposium on Meson-Nucleon Physics and the Structure of the Nucleo

How and when can one identify hadronic molecules in the baryon spectrum

A method to identify hadronic molecules in the particle spectrum is reviewed and the conditions for its applicability discussed. Special emphasis is put on the discussion of molecule candidates in the baryon spectrum.Comment: Talk presentent at NSTAR 2007, 5 - 8 September 2007, Bonn, German

Second--order equation of state with the Skyrme interaction. Cutoff and dimensional regularization with the inclusion of rearrangement terms

We evaluate the second--order (beyond--mean--field) contribution to the equation of state of nuclear matter with the effective Skyrme force and use cutoff and dimensional regularizations to treat the ultraviolet divergence produced by the zero--range character of this interaction. An adjustment of the force parameters is then performed in both cases to remove any double counting generated by the explicit computation of beyond--mean--field corrections with the Skyrme force. In addition, we include at second order the rearrangement terms associated to the density--dependent part of the Skyrme force and discuss their effect. Sets of parameters are proposed to define new effective forces which are specially designed for second--order calculations in nuclear matter.Comment: 29 figures, 9 table

Spin injection from EuS/Co multilayers into GaAs detected by polarized electroluminescence

We report on the successful spin injection from EuS/Co multilayers into (100) GaAs at low temperatures. The spin injection was verified by means of polarized electroluminescence (EL) emitted from AlGaAs/GaAs-based spin-light-emitting diodes in zero external magnetic field. Spin-polarized electrons were injected from prototype EuS/Co spin injector multilayers. The use of semiconducting and ferromagnetic EuS circumvents the impedance mismatch. The EL was measured in side emission with and without an external magnetic field. A circular polarization of 5% at 8 K and 0 T was observed. In view of the rather rough interface between the GaAs substrate and first EuS layer, improvement of the interface quality is expected to considerably enhance the injected electron spin polarization

Calorimetric Study Of Intercalation Of N-alkyldiamines Into α-titanium Hydrogenphosphate

A series of n-alkyldiamines of general formula H2N(CH2)nNH2 (n = 2-9) has been intercalated into the crystalline lamellar compound α-Ti(HPO4)2·H2O (TiP) from aqueous solution. The amount intercalated was followed batchwise at 298 ± 1 K and the variation of the original interlayer distance for TiP (756 pm) was followed by X-ray powder diffraction. Linear correlations with good fits were obtained for the interlamellar distance (d) or for the number of moles intercalated (nint) as a function of the number of carbon atoms in the aliphatic chain (nc): d =(883.14 ± 12.76) + (108.51 ± 2.20)nc and nint =(5.79 ± 0.12) - (0.28 ± 0.02)nc. The exothermic enthalpies for the intercalation are related to the monomolecular layer arrangement with a longitudinal axis inclined by 58° to the inorganic sheets. The enthalpies for the overall reaction 2O3P-OH(c) + H2N(CH2)nNH2(c, l) = O3P - O-+H3N(CH2)nNH3+-O - PO3(c); ΔintH, determined by reaction-solution calorimetry at 298.15 ± 0.02 K are correlated with the number of carbons in the aliphatic chain or the interlamellar distance, by the equations Δint H= -(56.16 ± 0.67)-(2.06 ± 0.12)nC and ΔintH = -(39.41 ± 1.41)-(1.80 × 10-2 ± 0.10 × 10-2)d. The enthalpic value for nc = 0 gave -56.17 ± 0.67 kJ mol-1 which corresponds to the intercalation of two moles of ammonium cation.61219631966Alberti, G., Galli, P.C., Costantino, U., Torracca, E., (1967) J. Inorg. Nucl. Chem., 29, p. 571Clearfield, A., (1982) Inorganic Ion Exchange Materials, , CRC Press, Boca Raton, FLSuárez, M., Garcia, J.R., Rodriguez, J., (1984) J. Phys. Chem., 88, p. 159Alberti, G., Casciola, M., Costantino, U., (1985) J. Colloid Interface Sci., 107, p. 25

QUIC-FEC: Bringing the benefits of Forward Erasure Correction to QUIC

Originally implemented by Google, QUIC gathers a growing interest by providing, on top of UDP, the same service as the classical TCP/TLS/HTTP/2 stack. The IETF will finalise the QUIC specification in 2019. A key feature of QUIC is that almost all its packets, including most of its headers, are fully encrypted. This prevents eavesdropping and interferences caused by middleboxes. Thanks to this feature and its clean design, QUIC is easier to extend than TCP. In this paper, we revisit the reliable transmission mechanisms that are included in QUIC. More specifically, we design, implement and evaluate Forward Erasure Correction (FEC) extensions to QUIC. These extensions are mainly intended for high-delays and lossy communications such as In-Flight Communications. Our design includes a generic FEC frame and our implementation supports the XOR, Reed-Solomon and Convolutional RLC error-correcting codes. We also conservatively avoid hindering the loss-based congestion signal by distinguishing the packets that have been received from the packets that have been recovered by the FEC. We evaluate its performance by applying an experimental design covering a wide range of delay and packet loss conditions with reproducible experiments. These confirm that our modular design allows the protocol to adapt to the network conditions. For long data transfers or when the loss rate and delay are small, the FEC overhead negatively impacts the download completion time. However, with high packet loss rates and long delays or smaller files, FEC allows drastically reducing the download completion time by avoiding costly retransmission timeouts. These results show that there is a need to use FEC adaptively to the network conditions.Comment: 9 pages, presented at IFIP Networking 201

Human behavior in Prisoner's Dilemma experiments suppresses network reciprocity

During the last few years, much research has been devoted to strategic interactions on complex networks. In this context, the Prisoner's Dilemma has become a paradigmatic model, and it has been established that imitative evolutionary dynamics lead to very different outcomes depending on the details of the network. We here report that when one takes into account the real behavior of people observed in the experiments, both at the mean-field level and on utterly different networks the observed level of cooperation is the same. We thus show that when human subjects interact in an heterogeneous mix including cooperators, defectors and moody conditional cooperators, the structure of the population does not promote or inhibit cooperation with respect to a well mixed population.Comment: 5 Pages including 4 figures. Submitted for publicatio