Justiça restaurativa: a construção de um novo paradigma penal e seus efeitos na vitimização secundária

O presente trabalho possui como objetivo analisar a justiça restaurativa como a possibilidade para construção de um novo paradigma penal, bem como seu conceito e objetivos, as principais diferenças e semelhanças entre o instituto da justiça convencional e justiça restaurativa. Trata-se de uma pesquisa bibliográfica em que a coleta de dados acontecerá mediante acesso a doutrinas, revistas, decretos, legislações e levantamento literário (impresso e/ou digital). O anúncio da falibilidade do sistema carcerário brasileiro, como órgão ressocializador do agente criminoso, não é novidade. Diante deste fato surge entre os criminologistas um novo ideal de justiça que visa a reintegração de vítimas e infratores à sociedade, reduz os efeitos punitivos e marginalizadores do sistema penal atual, considera questões além da punição. Constitui-se, assim, a justiça restaurativa que representa um avanço satisfatório para o direito penal moderno, restaura ofensores, vítimas e sociedade e reduz os efeitos da vitimização secundária

A proposed methodology for the correction of the Leaf Area Index measured with a ceptometer for pinus and eucalyptus forests = Proposta de uma methodologia para a correcao do indice de area foliar medido pelo ceptometro em provoamentos de pinus e eucalyptus

Leaf area index (LAI) is an important parameter controlling many biological and physiological processes associated with vegetation on the Earth's surface, such as photosynthesis, respiration, transpiration, carbon and nutrient cycle and rainfall interception. LAI can be measured indirectly by sunfleck ceptometers in an easy and non-destructive way but this practical methodology tends to underestimated when measured by these instruments. Trying to correct this underestimation, some previous studies heave proposed the multiplication of the observed LAI value by a constant correction factor. The assumption of this work is LAI obtained from the allometric equations are not so problematic and can be used as a reference LAI to develop a new methodology to correct the ceptometer one. This new methodology indicates that the bias (the difference between the ceptometer and the reference LAI) is estimated as a function of the basal area per unit ground area and that bias is summed to the measured value. This study has proved that while the measured Pinus LAI needs a correction, there is no need for that correction for the Eucalyptus LAI. However, even for this last specie the proposed methodology gives closer estimations to the real LAI values

Chemical and physical properties of some hazelnut varieties grown in Portugal

Hazelnuts are one of the most appreciated nuts worldwide due to their unique organoleptic and nutritional characteristics. The present work intended to analyse several physical and chemical properties of different hazelnut varieties grown in Portugal, namely Tonda de Giffoni, Grada de Viseu, Segorbe, Longa de Espanha, Butler, Gunslebert, and Negreta. In general, the results revealed statistically significant differences between the varieties under study. The Gunslebert had more elongated hazelnuts and with heavier shelled fruits, while the kernels of the Grada de Viseu revealed to be heavier. Grada de Viseu was harder in the shell, Gunslebert had a harder core, and Segorbe was more resistant to fracture. Fat was the more representative component for all varieties and in some cases the values of moisture and water activity were over the recommended amount ( 0.62). Tonda de Giffoni was the variety with the highest induction time, indicating the highest oxidation stability. Moreover, discriminant analysis revealed that the variables more important to distinguish the varieties were protein ( = 0.007) and water activity ( = 0.010). The results of this study help to better understand the differences between some hazelnut varieties that are cultivated in Portugal, which gives important hints for all players in the hazelnut sector.This study was supported by the National Funds through the FCT-Foundation for Science and Technology, I.P., within the scope of the projects Refª UIDB/00681/2020 and UID/AGR/00690/2019info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Can introgression in M-lineage honey bees be detected by abdominal colour patterns?

Honey bee abdominal pigmentation is one of the most recognisable traits and it is often used by beekeepers as an indicator of M-lineage subspecies purity. However, this approach may negatively impact population diversity and is futile if there is no association between tergite colour patterns and the genetic background. To assess whether this trait can be used as a proxy for introgression proportions in M-lineage subspecies, we genotyped, with highly informative SNP assays, A. m. mellifera and A. m. iberiensis individuals displaying four different colour phenotypes. The SNP data detected highly introgressed bees exhibiting a black phenotype and, at the same time, pure or marginally introgressed bees with yellow banding patterns, in both subspecies. Despite these observations, contrary to A. m. iberiensis , in A. m. mellifera , introgression proportions revealed to be a significant predictor of abdominal pigmentation. Therefore, abdominal pigmentation could be used by A. m. mellifera conservationists to guide colony selection when genetic tools are unavailable.KAB was funded by Dr. Tony Ryan research scholarship and an Irish Research Council scholarship. This work was financed by the Native Irish Honeybee Society (NIHBS), Federation of Irish Beekeeping Associations (FIBKA) and FEDER (Fundo Europeu de Desenvolvimento Regional) through the program COMPETE 2020–POCI (Programa Operacional para a Competividade e Internacionalização) and by the Portuguese funds through FCT (Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia) in the framework of the project BeeHappy (POCI-01-0145-FEDER-029871).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Conservation of European M-lineage honey bees using abdominal colour as an indicator of subspecies purity has pitfalls

There are 31 honey bee (Apis mellifera) recognized subspecies, which have been grouped into four main lineages. Two of these lineages occur naturally in Europe: M in western and northern Europe and C in southeastern Europe. In Europe, M-lineage groups only two subspecies, Apis mellifera mellifera and Apis mellifera iberiensis, both being black in colour. C-Lineage groups have instead eight subspecies, including one of the beekeepers-favored and phenotypically distinct, the yellow Apis mellifera ligustica from Italy. M-lineage honey bees’ distribution has been changing and in some countries, the native bee is being replaced or hybridised with C-lineage subspecies. Honey bee abdominal pigmentation is one of the most recognisable traits and it has been used by beekeepers as an indicator of subspecies identity. However, this approach may negatively impact population diversity and is futile if there is no association between tergite colour patterns and genetic background. To test this approach, we calculated the introgression level of A. m. mellifera (N=162) and A. m. iberiensis individuals (N=559) with different colour phenotypes and from a wide geographical range using informative SNPs. In this study, many A. m. mellifera samples showed high levels of C-lineage introgression. The individuals collected in Iberia were revealed to be pure. Introgressed A. m. iberiensis individuals were all from the Azores, where a high frequency of C-lineage mitotypes exists in several islands. Our results showed that for both subspecies, it is not possible to directly identify introgressed individuals from observed colour patterns, as we found black honey bees with a considerable amount of introgression and honey bees with yellow banding that were pure or marginally introgressed. With this study, we hope to increase awareness among stakeholders of the need to use other tools to select honey bees for conservation and breeding purposes.This work was financed by the Native Irish Honeybee Society (NIHBS), Federation of Irish Beekeeping Associations (FIBKA) and FEDER (Fundo Europeu de Desenvolvimento Regional) through the program COMPETE 2020–POCI (Programa Operacional para a Competividade e Internacionalização) and by the Portuguese funds through FCT (Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia) in the framework of the project BeeHappy (POCI-01-0145-FEDER-029871). FCT provided financial support by national funds (FCT/MCTES) to CIMO (UIDB/00690/2020). Dora Henriques is funded by BeeHappy and MEDIBEES which is part of the PRIMA programme supported by the European Union.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Differential metabolic and biological profiles of Lychnophora ericoides mart. (Asteraceae) from different localities in the Brazilian "campos rupestres"

This paper reports HPLC-DAD-MS/MS and HPLC-ECD characterisation of secondary metabolite profiles of Lychnophora ericoides Mart. leaf extracts from different provenances and their cytotoxic and antioxidant properties. Leaf extracts from populations representing seven different locations were evaluated for antioxidant activity by the DPPH radical scavenging system and activity towards cellular growth in three tumor cell lines. The extracts were electrochemically analysed by HPLC-ECD and their main secondary metabolites were identified by HPLC-DAD-MS and HPLC-DAD-MS/MS. An amplified defensive secondary chemistry, together with maximal cytotoxic and antioxidant bioactivities, were found for plants collected at the interface between two types of forest. These findings furnish additional support for the hypothesis that plants occurring at the interface between two forests ecosystems might be stimulated to amplify their own production and storage of defensive secondary metabolites due to the greater number of environmental influences

Bioinformatics analysis of circulating miRNAs related to cancer following spinal cord injury

Patients with spinal cord injury (SCI) have an increased risk of developing esophageal, bladder and hematologic malignancies compared with the normal population. In the present study, we aimed to identify, through in silico analysis, miRNAs and their target genes related to the three most frequent types of cancer in individuals with SCI. In a previous study, we reported a pattern of expression of miRNAs in 17 sedentary SCI males compared with 22 healthy able-bodied males by TaqMan OpenArray. This list of miRNAs deregulated in SCI patients was uploaded to miRWALK2.0 to predict the target genes and pathways of selected miRNAs. We used Cytoscape software to construct the network displaying the miRNAs and their gene targets. Among the down-regulated miRNAs in SCI, 21, 19 and 20 miRNAs were potentially associated with hematological, bladder and esophageal cancer, respectively, and three target genes (TP53, CCND1 and KRAS) were common to all three types of cancer. The three up-regulated miRNAs were potentially targeted by 18, 15 and 10 genes associated with all three types of cancer. Our current bioinformatics analysis suggests the potential influence of several miRNAs on the development of cancer in SCI. In general, these data may provide novel information regarding potential molecular mechanisms involved in the development of cancer among individuals with SCI. Further studies aiming at understanding how miRNAs contribute to the development of the major cancers that affect patients after SCI may help elucidate the role of these molecules in the pathophysiology of the disease.39CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal e Nível SuperiorFAPESP – Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa Do Estado De São PauloSem informação2017/23563-

Modelo de predição diagnóstica para discinesias induzidas por levodopa na doença de Parkinson

Background: There are currently no methods to predict the development of levodopa-induced dyskinesia (LID), a frequent complication of Parkinson's disease (PD) treatment. Clinical predictors and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) have been associated to LID in PD. Objective: To investigate the association of clinical and genetic variables with LID and to develop a diagnostic prediction model for LID in PD. Methods: We studied 430 PD patients using levodopa. The presence of LID was defined as an MDS-UPDRS Part IV score ≥1 on item 4.1. We tested the association between specific clinical variables and seven SNPs and the development of LID, using logistic regression models. Results: Regarding clinical variables, age of PD onset, disease duration, initial motor symptom and use of dopaminergic agonists were associated to LID. Only CC genotype of ADORA2A rs2298383 SNP was associated to LID after adjustment. We developed two diagnostic prediction models with reasonable accuracy, but we suggest that the clinical prediction model be used. This prediction model has an area under the curve of 0.817 (95% confidence interval [95%CI] 0.77‒0.85) and no significant lack of fit (Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test p=0.61). Conclusion: Predicted probability of LID can be estimated with reasonable accuracy using a diagnostic clinical prediction model which combines age of PD onset, disease duration, initial motor symptom and use of dopaminergic agonists.Introdução: No momento, não há métodos para se predizer o desenvolvimento de discinesias induzidas por levodopa (DIL), uma frequente complicação do tratamento da doença de Parkinson (DP). Preditores clínicos e polimorfismos de nucleotídeo único (SNP) têm sido associados às DIL na DP. Objetivo: Investigar a associação entre variáveis clínicas e genéticas com as DIL e desenvolver um modelo de predição diagnóstica de DIL na DP. Métodos: Foram avaliados 430 pacientes com DP em uso de levodopa. A presença de DIL foi definida como escore ≥1 no item 4.1 da MDS-UPDRS Parte IV. Nós testamos a associação entre variáveis clínicas específicas e sete SNPs com o desenvolvimento de DIL, usando modelos de regressão logística. Resultados: Em relação às variáveis clínicas, idade de início da doença, duração da doença, sintomas motores iniciais e uso de agonistas dopaminérgicos estiveram associados às DIL. Apenas o genótipo CC do SNP rs2298383 no gene ADORA2A esteve associado com DIL após o ajuste. Nós desenvolvemos dois modelos preditivos diagnósticos com acurácia razoável, mas sugerimos o uso do modelo preditivo clínico. Esse modelo de predição tem uma área sob a curva de 0,817 (intervalo de confiança de 95% [IC95%] 0,77‒0,85) e sem perda significativa de ajuste (teste de qualidade de ajuste de Hosmer-Lemeshow p=0,61). Conclusão: A probabilidade prevista de DIL pode ser estimada, com acurácia razoável, por meio do uso de um modelo preditivo diagnóstico clínico, que combina a idade de início da doença, duração da doença, sintomas motores iniciais e uso de agonistas dopaminérgicos

Bibliometric analysis of themes competitive intelligence, knowledge management and organizational knowledge in Institutional Repository University of Brasília

Trata da análise dos temas Inteligência Competitiva (IC), Gestão do Conhecimento (GC) e Conhecimento Organizacional (CO), no Repositório Institucional da Universidade da Brasília (RIUnB), que está disponível em acesso aberto desde setembro de 2008. O objetivo é verificar a produção científica sobre as áreas de pesquisa, a partir dos documentos que constam no RIUnB. O método de trabalho consistiu nos estudos bibliométricos, a fim de se inteirar sobre a produção de trabalhos referentes ao conhecimento resultante do desenvolvimento de pesquisas no âmbito institucional, para conhecer a comunidade. Os resultados apontam para um crescimento notório desses temas na ciência da informação, com perspectiva de crescimento em outras áreas: administração, engenharia elétrica, educação e gestão social e trabalho, demonstrando sua potencial interdisciplinaridade; houve maior concentração de publicação nos temas gestão do conhecimento, conhecimento organizacional e inteligência competitiva, respectivamente, e existe uma concentração dessas publicações em três pesquisadores na comunidade da Faculdade de Ciência da Informação (FCI). Conclui-se que os temas são mais frequentes na área de ciência da informação, entretanto, nota-se o seu aparecimento em outras áreas do conhecimento, na UnB: administração, engenharia elétrica, educação e gestão social e do trabalho. Esses dados podem revelar uma tendência de consolidação dos temas de pesquisa em outras áreas. ________________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACTThis analysis of topics Competitive Intelligence (CI), Knowledge Management (KM) and Organizational Knowledge (CO) in the Institutional Repository of the University of Brasília (RIUnB) which is available in open access since September 2008. The aim is to check the scientific literature on the research areas from the documents listed in RIUnB. The working method consisted in bibliometric studies, in order to learn about the production of works relating to knowledge resulting from research development at the institutional level to know the community. The results indicate a remarkable growth of these themes in information science, with growth prospects in other areas: administration, electrical engineering, management and education and social work, demonstrating its potential interdisciplinarity, there was a higher concentration of publishing on issues of knowledge management, organizational knowledge and competitive intelligence, respectively, and there is a concentration of such publications in three community researchers in the Faculty of Information Science (FCI). We conclude that the issues are more frequent in the area of information science, however, note its appearance in other areas of knowledge in UNB: administration, electrical engineering, education and social management and labor. These data may reveal a trend of consolidation of research topics in other areas

A Cellular Automata Model for Citrus Variagated Chlorosis

A cellular automata model is proposed to analyze the progress of Citrus Variegated Chlorosis epidemics in S\~ao Paulo oranges plantation. In this model epidemiological and environmental features, such as motility of sharpshooter vectors which perform L\'evy flights, hydric and nutritional level of plant stress and seasonal climatic effects, are included. The observed epidemics data were quantitatively reproduced by the proposed model varying the parameters controlling vectors motility, plant stress and initial population of diseased plants.Comment: 10 pages, 10 figures, Scheduled tentatively for the issue of: 01Nov0