Macroeconomic price indexes

Price Indexes allow one to compare the average levels of prices at different times. Despite their widespread use, price indexes do not answer all questions as well as analysts might wish. Macroeconomic Price Indexes is a guide for users of major price indexes. It provides details about several price indexes to help users intelligently decide what they can learn by using particular indexes.Macroeconomics ; Prices

Radio Detections During Two State Transitions of the Intermediate Mass Black Hole HLX-1

Relativistic jets are streams of plasma moving at appreciable fractions of the speed of light. They have been observed from stellar mass black holes ($\sim$3$-$20 solar masses, M$_\odot$) as well as supermassive black holes ($\sim$10$^6$$-$10$^9$ M$_\odot$) found in the centres of most galaxies. Jets should also be produced by intermediate mass black holes ($\sim$10$^2$$-$10$^5$ M$_\odot$), although evidence for this third class of black hole has until recently been weak. We report the detection of transient radio emission at the location of the intermediate mass black hole candidate ESO 243-49 HLX-1, which is consistent with a discrete jet ejection event. These observations also allow us to refine the mass estimate of the black hole to be between $\sim$9 $\times$10$^{3}$ M$_\odot$ and $\sim$9 $\times$10$^{4}$ M$_\odot$.Comment: 13 pages, includes supplementary online information. Published in Science in August 201

Digitizing Sacks? Approaching social media as data

During the course of this article, we explore ethnomethodological principles in relation to approaching social media as data. More specifically, we consider the extent to which the work of Harvey Sacks and his rich intellectual legacy might inform this nascent field of empirical inquiry. This exploration is realised in the context of interdisciplinary research at the interface of social and computational science. Drawing from an extensive range of empirical projects into social media we reflect on the efficacy and limitations of these principles (Sacks, 1992) for understanding social media interaction as open data and practical action in the digital age

‘It’s just not worth a damn!: investigating perceptions of the value in attending university

Mass expansion of the UK Higher Education (HE) sector is eroding its well-documented benefits – leading many to question whether HE remains worthwhile. Avoiding the traditional approach of estimating the returns to HE, we investigate why many now feel that attending university will not yield any financial benefits. Using BSA data from 2010 we find that this negativity is being driven by perceived lack of graduate job prospects, the rise in tuition fees and wage underpayment. We conclude that this may well fuel uncertainty and reduce demand for HE from lower socio-economic groups while increasing intra class conflict in higher socio-economic groups

A study of cyber hate on Twitter with implications for social media governance strategies

This paper explores ways in which the harmful effects of cyber hate may be mitigated through mechanisms for enhancing the self-governance of new digital spaces. We report findings from a mixed methods study of responses to cyber hate posts, which aimed to: (i) understand how people interact in this context by undertaking qualitative interaction analysis and developing a statistical model to explain the volume of responses to cyber hate posted to Twitter, and (ii) explore use of machine learning techniques to assist in identifying cyber hate counter-speech

High-Speed Thermographic Analysis of Diesel Injector Nozzle Tip Temperature

The temperature of fuel injectors can affect the flow inside nozzles and the subsequent spray and liquid films on the injector tips. These processes are known to impact fuel mixing, combustion and the formation of deposits that can cause engines to go off calibration. However, there is a lack of experimental data for the transient evolution of nozzle temperature throughout engine cycles and the effect of operating conditions on injector tip temperature. Although some measurements of engine surface temperature exist, they have relatively low temporal resolutions and cannot be applied to production injectors due to the requirement for a specialist coating which can interfere with the orifice geometry. To address this knowledge gap, we have developed a high-speed infrared imaging approach to measure the temperature of the nozzle surface inside an optical diesel engine. We investigated ways of increasing the emissivity of the nozzle surface with minimal intrusion by applying thin carbon coatings. We compare our measurements with those from a production injector that was instrumented with internal thermocouples. Our steady-state off-engine investigation showed that nozzle surface temperature measured by infrared imaging could yield data at 1200 fps with uncertainties of #x0002B;20K to -1K compared to simultaneous thermocouple measurements. We applied this approach to an optical diesel engine to investigate the effect of injection duration and increased swirl ratio on injector nozzle temperature and surface homogeneity.</p

Alcohol Care Teams: summary of a review for Manchester

This summary reports on a review and research project that brings together evidence from policy guidance, research and evaluation literature and stakeholder testimony as relevant to the response to alcohol problems in acute secondary care settings with a particular focus on the role and operation of alcohol care teams. The main report includes research focused on the current and service needs for ACT and care pathway development and reduction in frequent attender burden. This report summarises the public domain evidence transferable to other service development in England