Wine pomace product modulates oxidative stress and microbiota in obesity high-fat diet-fed rats

Obesity is associated with inflammation and oxidative stress. Bioactive compounds can decrease obesity-related disorders by their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory actions. Wistar rats were fed with a high-fat diet during 14 weeks and received 100 mg of wine pomace product (WP)/kg body weight, from the 1st week or from the 7th week and standard diet fed rats were included. Food intake, body weight, blood pressure and plasma glucose, cholesterol and triglyceride were weekly measured. Antioxidant and lipid liver status, fat, adipocyte size, plasma interleukins and microbiota were also determined at 14th week. The results showed a significant reduction of body weight and abdominal fat area, lower blood glucose, decreased liver weight and lipids deposition with increased antioxidant status, lower adipocyte size and increased Lactobacillus spp./Bacteroides spp. ratio. Therefore, wine pomace product reduced obesity-related disorders by amelioration of inflammation and oxidative stress and by microbiota regulation suggesting potential preventive clinical benefits

Wine pomace product ameliorates hypertensive and diabetic aorta vascular remodeling through antioxidant and anti-inflammatory actions

Vascular remodeling in hypertension and diabetes is characterized by a low-grade inflammation of the arterial wall and enhanced oxidative stress. Wine pomace products attenuate hyperglycemia and hypertension through reduction of oxidative stress and inflammation by their polyphenol composition. The aim of the study was to assess the influence of the wine pomace product (WP) on morphometric parameters of the arterial wall in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) and streptozotocin-diabetic rats (STZ). Oxidative stress was also evaluated by determination of radical oxygen species (ROS) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) activation in thoracic aortas. Wine pomace reduces wall aortic thickness, cross sectional area and wall/lumen ratio, and decreases ROS and increases eNOS activation. In summary, the supplementation of hypertensive or diabetic rats with the wine pomace product exhibits a protective role against the endothelial dysfunction and vascular remodeling.Autonomous Government of Castilla y León (Research project BU282U1

Feed intake, nutrient digestibility, nitrogen utilization, and ruminal fermentation activities in sheep fed Atriplex halimus ensiled with three developed enzyme cocktails

The effects of feeding Atriplex halimus treated with three developed enzyme cocktails to Barki sheep on feed intake, nutrient digestibility, N utilization, and ruminal fermentation were assessed. A. halimus was ensiled with two developed enzyme cocktails of ZAD1® (Z1) and/or ZAD2® (Z2) as liquid enzyme preparations (2 l/t) with 5% molasses and ensiled for 30 days. Three Barki rams (45 ± 3.2 kg) were used per treatment in five consecutive digestibility trials, while three ewes fitted with a permanent rumen fistula were used as source of inoculum for in vitro rumen fermentation trials. Barley grain (300 g/animal/day) was fed as energy supplement during the experimental trial for all diets. Five diets were composed as follows: A. halimus (leaves and stems) (D1); untreated A. halimus plus 4 g/animal/day ZADO® (Z) (enzyme preparation in powder form) (D2); A. halimus ensiled with Z1 and barley plus 4 g/animal/day Z (D3); A. halimus ensiled with Z2 and barley (D3) plus 4 g/animal/day Z (D4); A. halimus ensiled with a combination of Z1 and Z2 (1 :1) and barley plus 4 g/head/day Z (D5). For all trials, ad libitum A. halimus was offered twice a day at 9:00 and 16:00 h while barley grain was given once a day at 10:00 h. Both D1 and D2 diets increased (P <0.001) dry matter intake of A. halimus and total dry matter intake. Addition of 4 g/day of Z to Z1 and/or Z2 ensiled diets improved (P < 0.0001) organic matter, crude protein, crude fibre, and neutral detergent fibre digestibilities. Diets D1 and D2 increased (P < 0.001) N intake, whereas the direct addition of Z to D3, D4, and D5 decreased (P < 0.001) N balance and N balance/N absorption ratio. Sheep fed on Z in addition to Z2 ensiled A. halimus showed higher improvements for total volatile fatty acids (P < 0.001), ammonia N (P = 0.007), and microbial protein production (P = 0.003). It can be concluded that feeding sheep on A. halimus ensiled with Z1 and Z2 with direct feeding of Z enzyme preparation improved intake, digestibility, nitrogen balance and utilization, as well as rumen fermentation

La Imagen Y La Narrativa Como Herramientas Para El Abordaje Psicosocial En Escenarios De Violencia. Departamentos De Cundinamarca, Boyacá Y Antioquia.

El abordaje psicosocial en los escenarios de violencia, toma cada día más importancia, ya que son muchas las familias que se ven afectadas por este conflicto; deteriorando el tejido social y la calidad de vida de las personas. Gracias a las diferentes técnicas y herramientas de abordaje, se ha logrado analizar estos casos e incrementar la ayuda y el apoyo a las víctimas, logrando analizar sus vivencias y minimizar el impacto de las mismas en un futuro. En este trabajo se logra analizar diferentes casos de violencia en Colombia, a través de las técnicas como la foto voz y la Narrativa, las cuales han demostrado ser de mucha utilidad. En este documento se analiza el caso del señor Modesto Pacayá, tomado del libro Voces: historias de violencia y esperanza en Colombia. El señor Modesto es originario de Puerto Nariño, amazonas; indígena Ticuna, con cinco hijos y casado. Desmovilizado de las FARC, en su relato cuenta la historia de cómo llegó con su familia a San José del Guaviare, mediante engaños, para un trabajo, el cual resultó siendo raspar coca; el mismo que por problemas de salud no pudo llevar a cabo, por lo que se dedicó a construir casas, después de un tiempo fue contratado por un comandante de la guerrilla para ingresar comida al Meta, allí duró un tiempo hasta que llegó la orden de un comandante que le informaba que tenía que hacer un curso militar y le dijeron que si no hacía el curso, se moría. Luego de realizar el curso lo ascendieron a comandante de escuadra, pero a pesar de que le mandaba dinero a su familia, no lo dejaban estar con ellos, se empezó a sentir muy mal y decidió desmovilizarse en 2007, el ejército le ayudo y lo trasladó con su familia para Bogotá, donde surgió la Oportunidad de reconstruir nuevamente su vida. Modesto validó el bachillerato. Obtuvo un proyecto productivo, con el Apoyo de la alta consejería, montó un negocio y rehízo su vida al lado de su familia. En este relato se destaca la valentía de Modesto quien decidió cambiar su historia y la de su familia, superando las Adversidades y traumas que le dejó su paso por la guerrilla; logrando salir adelante, estudiar y conformar un negocio, emancipando un mejor futuro y proyecto de vida. Finalmente, se analiza el caso de las comunidades de Cacarica, quienes fueron Víctimas de Enfrentamientos Militares por disputas por sus territorios, durante ellas, la comunidad sufrió desapariciones, asesinatos y amenazas, las cuales generaron graves problemáticas a nivel social, económico, político y cultural. Palabras Claves: Desmovilizado, Victimas, Guerrilla, Adversidades, Oportunidad, Apoyo, Enfrentamientos Militares, Narrativa.The psychosocial aproche in the scenarios of violence is becoming increasingly important, since there are many families that are affected by this conflict; deteriorating the social fabric and the quality of life of people. Thanks to the different techniques and approach tools, it has been possible to analyze these cases and increase the help and support to the victims, managing to analyze their experiences and minimize their impact in the future. In this work it is possible to analyze different cases of violence in Colombia, through techniques such as photo voice and Narrative, which have proven to be very useful. This document analyzes the case of Mr. Modesto Pacayá, taken from the book Voces: stories of violence and hope in Colombia. Mr. Modesto is originally from Puerto Nariño, Amazons; Ticuna indigenous, with five children and married. Demobilized from the FARC, in his account he tells the story of how he arrived with his family in San José del Guaviare, through deception, for a job, which turned out to be scraping coca; the same that for health problems could not be carried out, so he dedicated himself to building houses, after a while he was hired by a guerrilla commander to enter food to the Meta, there it lasted a while until the order to arrive a commander who informed him that he had to do a military course and was told that if he did not take the course, he would die. After completing the course he was promoted to squad commander, but although he sent money to his family, they did not let him be with them, he began to feel very bad and decided to demobilize in 2007, the army helped him and transferred him with his family to Bogotá, where the Opportunity arose to rebuild his life again. Modesto validated the baccalaureate. He obtained a productive project, with the support of high counseling, set up a business and banned his life next to his family. This story highlights the courage of Modesto who decided to change his story and that of his family, overcoming the Adversities and traumas left by his passage through the guerrillas; managing to get ahead, study and build a business, emancipating a better future and life project. Finally, the case of the communities of Cacarica, who were victims of military confrontations due to disputes over their territories, is analyzed, during which the community suffered disappearances, murders and threats, which generated serious problems at a social, economic, political and cultural level. Keywords: Demobilized, Victim, Guerrilla, Adversities Opportunity, Support, Military Confrontation

LUISA Dynamic Land Functions: Catalogue of Indicators – Release I: EU Reference Scenario 2013 LUISA Platform - Updated Configuration 2014

The concept of ‘dynamic land function’ is a new notion for cross-sector integration and for the representation of complex system dynamics. A land function can be societal (e.g. provision of housing, leisure and recreation), economic (e.g. provision of production factors - employment, investments, energy – or provision of manufacturing products and services – food, fuels, consumer goods, etc.) or environmental (e.g. supply of ecosystem services). Land functions are temporally and spatially dynamic, and are constrained and driven by natural, socio-economic, and techno-economic processes. Based on the concept of ‘land function’ and beyond a traditional land use model, the Land-Use based Integrated Sustainability Assessment (LUISA) modelling platform adopts a new approach towards activity-based modelling based upon the endogenous dynamic allocation of population, services and activities. The ultimate product of LUISA is a set of territorial indicators that can be grouped and combined according to the ‘land function’ of interest and/or to the sector under assessment. The herein presented indicators measure the provision of land functions in the period 2010-2050, according to the EU Reference Scenario (LUISA, updated configuration 2014), consistent with settings (economic and demographic in particular) and policies in place in 2013 (hence including the 2020 renewable energy targets). The indicators are aggregated by Member States and Regions (Administrative Units NUTS-2) and can be employed as benchmark to monitor sectorial and territorial evolutions of alternative scenarios (e.g. to simulate policy options or specific measures), and for future updates of the reference scenario, to capture policy impacts (for example when changing energy targets) and their territorial effects. This catalogue aims to provide the description of the land functions and the list of related indicators and an indicator factsheet (metadata). 30 indicators, out of the more than 50 currently produced by LUISA, are included in the first release of the catalogue. The catalogue is periodically up-dated, following the updates of the configurations of the LUISA modelling platform and the definition, computation and validation of new indicators. Indicators and basic spatial layers used for the simulations will be made available in the frame of the framework for the management of knowledge and dissemination of information being set up by the Pilot Knowledge Centre on Territorial Policies.JRC.H.8-Sustainability Assessmen

Effectiveness and Safety of the Sequential Use of a Second and Third Anti-TNF Agent in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Results From the Eneida Registry

Background: The effectiveness of the switch to another anti-tumor necrosis factor (anti-TNF) agent is not known. The aim of this study was to analyze the effectiveness and safety of treatment with a second and third anti-TNF drug after intolerance to or failure of a previous anti-TNF agent in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients. Methods: We included patients diagnosed with IBD from the ENEIDA registry who received another anti-TNF after intolerance to or failure of a prior anti-TNF agent. Results: A total of 1122 patients were included. In the short term, remission was achieved in 55% of the patients with the second anti-TNF. The incidence of loss of response was 19% per patient-year with the second anti-TNF. Combination therapy (hazard ratio [HR], 2.4; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.8-3; P < 0.0001) and ulcerative colitis vs Crohn's disease (HR, 1.6; 95% CI, 1.1-2.1; P = 0.005) were associated with a higher probability of loss of response. Fifteen percent of the patients had adverse events, and 10% had to discontinue the second anti-TNF. Of the 71 patients who received a third anti-TNF, 55% achieved remission. The incidence of loss of response was 22% per patient-year with a third anti-TNF. Adverse events occurred in 7 patients (11%), but only 1 stopped the drug. Conclusions: Approximately half of the patients who received a second anti-TNF achieved remission; nevertheless, a significant proportion of them subsequently lost response. Combination therapy and type of IBD were associated with loss of response. Remission was achieved in almost 50% of patients who received a third anti-TNF; nevertheless, a significant proportion of them subsequently lost response

Investigación en color y calidad de alimentos

En esta ponencia se pretende presentar a los alumnos de la Escuela Politécnica Superior, las líneas de investigación del grupo Color y Calidad de Alimentos de la Universidad de Sevilla (AGR225, PAIDI) y las posibilidades de realizar Trabajos postdoctorales o continuar las salidas profesionales en el campo de industrias alimentarias.This paper tries to introduce to the student of Polytechnic School, the research lines of Color and Food Quality Group of the University of Seville (AGR225, PAIDI), and the possibilities of carrying out postdoctoral works or continuing the career in the field of food industries