Variation in Total polyphenols, Tannin and Catechin contents and Antioxidant activity among Moroccan thyme genotype

The objective of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant activity, total phenols, tannins and catechins of the leaves extract of nine genotypes of three Thymus species (Thymus hyemalis, Thymus satureioides and Thymus broussonetii) obtained from in vitro culture. Firstly the extracts were analyzed for the total polyphenols, tannins and catechins contents using spectrophotometry method. Furthermore the antioxidant study was carried out using 2,2’-azinobis 3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS•+), 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH•) and Ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP). The results show the presence of phytochemicals compounds in different genotypes of three species, with a considerable variation between species on one side and between genotypes of the same species from another side. Antioxidant activity was also present with varying levels depending on the species and genotypes

Evaluación del proceso de maduración de estiércoles y residuos vegetales y su posterior utilización como enmienda orgánica en el cultivo de zucchini orgánico

Estiércoles frescos de “feed-lot” y cama de aviario, fueron compostados junto a residuos vegetales, de verdeo de avena y limpieza de la industria de cereales, cubiertos con polietileno negro, durante el período febrero- mayo de 1999. El proceso se llevo a cabo, con mínima remoción y bajo humedecimiento, en pilas aisladas de 1 mt de altura y 2 mt de ancho en la base, repetidas cinco veces, bajo polietileno, mezclando en volumen: (a) 50% cama de aves + 50% abono verde avena, (b) 50% estiércol feed lot + 50% abono verde avena (c) igual en b, sin cubierta plástica (d) 50% estiércol feed lot + 50% residuo de secado de gano (e) 50% residuo de secado de gano + 50% pellets de avena, resultando cinco tratamientos. En laboratorio se efectuaron tres veces determinaciones de metales denominados pesados (Cobre, Cadmio, Plomo, Zinc), bacterias coliformes (NMP), hongos, levaduras (UFC), humedad, materia orgánica, nitrógeno, y cationes Calcio, Magnesio, Potasio, Sodio, antes, durante y al final del proceso fermentativo. Con equipos portátiles, se realizaron cinco muestreos de pH, sales (CE), y nitratos, anterior al mezclado de las pilas y con posterioridad en las mismas. En todos los tratamientos, los niveles de metales pesados, estuvieron por debajo de lo considerado “mínimo de tolerancia”. En el pH, los tratamientos se agruparon, en el siguiente orden a=b=c>d>e, en los nitratos, el ranking fue a>b>c=d=e y en la CE, a>b>d>c=e, demostrando superioridad de valores, para las tres variables, cuando existió estiércol de aves o de feed lot, en los tratamientos. La materia orgánica disminuyó durante el proceso de compostado, siendo mas resistente a la descomposición el tratamiento (e) sin estiércol, que el resto. El tratamiento (a) presentó una superioridad inicial, en nitrógeno total, respecto del resto, pero (b) lo igualó al final del proceso. En todos los tratamientos los niveles de calcio y magnesio, se incrementaron durante el compostado, mientras que los de sodio disminuyeron. La suma de cationes disponibles (Ca, Mg, K), siguió el siguiente orden a=b=c>d>e, presentando el tratamiento (a) una mayor disponibilidad de potasio, que el resto. Cuando los tratamientos compostados, fueron incorporados como enmienda al suelo, y comparados con testigo sin incorporación, el rendimiento comercial del cv grey zuchini, superó en (a) al resto de los tratamientos.EEA San PedroFil: Ullé, Jorge Ángel. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria San Pedro; ArgentinaFil: Rivero, María Luisa. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Pergamino; Argentin

Wine pomace product modulates oxidative stress and microbiota in obesity high-fat diet-fed rats

Obesity is associated with inflammation and oxidative stress. Bioactive compounds can decrease obesity-related disorders by their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory actions. Wistar rats were fed with a high-fat diet during 14 weeks and received 100 mg of wine pomace product (WP)/kg body weight, from the 1st week or from the 7th week and standard diet fed rats were included. Food intake, body weight, blood pressure and plasma glucose, cholesterol and triglyceride were weekly measured. Antioxidant and lipid liver status, fat, adipocyte size, plasma interleukins and microbiota were also determined at 14th week. The results showed a significant reduction of body weight and abdominal fat area, lower blood glucose, decreased liver weight and lipids deposition with increased antioxidant status, lower adipocyte size and increased Lactobacillus spp./Bacteroides spp. ratio. Therefore, wine pomace product reduced obesity-related disorders by amelioration of inflammation and oxidative stress and by microbiota regulation suggesting potential preventive clinical benefits

Wine pomace product ameliorates hypertensive and diabetic aorta vascular remodeling through antioxidant and anti-inflammatory actions

Vascular remodeling in hypertension and diabetes is characterized by a low-grade inflammation of the arterial wall and enhanced oxidative stress. Wine pomace products attenuate hyperglycemia and hypertension through reduction of oxidative stress and inflammation by their polyphenol composition. The aim of the study was to assess the influence of the wine pomace product (WP) on morphometric parameters of the arterial wall in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) and streptozotocin-diabetic rats (STZ). Oxidative stress was also evaluated by determination of radical oxygen species (ROS) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) activation in thoracic aortas. Wine pomace reduces wall aortic thickness, cross sectional area and wall/lumen ratio, and decreases ROS and increases eNOS activation. In summary, the supplementation of hypertensive or diabetic rats with the wine pomace product exhibits a protective role against the endothelial dysfunction and vascular remodeling.Autonomous Government of Castilla y León (Research project BU282U1

Wine pomace product inhibit listeria monocytogenes invasion of intestinal cell lines Caco-2 and SW-480

Red wine pomace products (WPP) have antimicrobial activities against human pathogens, and it was suggested that they have a probable anti-Listeria effect. This manuscript evaluates the intestinal cell monolayer invasive capacity of Listeria monocytogenes strains obtained from human, salmon, cheese, and L. innocua treated with two WPP (WPP-N and WPP-C) of different polyphenol contents using Caco-2 and SW480 cells. The invasion was dependent of the cell line, being higher in the SW480 than in the Caco-2 cell line. Human and salmon L. monocytogenes strains caused cell invasion in both cell lines, while cheese and L. innocua did not cause an invasion. The phenolic contents of WPP-N are characterized by high levels of anthocyanin and stilbenes and WPP-C by a high content of phenolic acids. The inhibitory effect of the WPPs was dependent of the strain and of the degree of differentiation of the intestinal cells line. The inhibition of Listeria invasion by WPPs in the SW480 cell line, especially with WPP-C, were higher than the Caco-2 cell line inhibited mainly by WPP-N. This effect is associated with the WPPs’ ability to protect the integrity of the intestinal barrier by modification of the cell–cell junction protein expression. The gene expression of E-cadherin and occludin are involved in the L. monocytogenes invasion of both the Caco-2 and SW480 cell lines, while the gene expression of claudin is only involved in the invasion of SW480. These findings suggest that WPPs have an inhibitory L. monocytogenes invasion effect in gastrointestinal cells lines.Autonomous Government of Castilla y León (Researchproject BU056U16

Feed intake, nutrient digestibility, nitrogen utilization, and ruminal fermentation activities in sheep fed Atriplex halimus ensiled with three developed enzyme cocktails

The effects of feeding Atriplex halimus treated with three developed enzyme cocktails to Barki sheep on feed intake, nutrient digestibility, N utilization, and ruminal fermentation were assessed. A. halimus was ensiled with two developed enzyme cocktails of ZAD1® (Z1) and/or ZAD2® (Z2) as liquid enzyme preparations (2 l/t) with 5% molasses and ensiled for 30 days. Three Barki rams (45 ± 3.2 kg) were used per treatment in five consecutive digestibility trials, while three ewes fitted with a permanent rumen fistula were used as source of inoculum for in vitro rumen fermentation trials. Barley grain (300 g/animal/day) was fed as energy supplement during the experimental trial for all diets. Five diets were composed as follows: A. halimus (leaves and stems) (D1); untreated A. halimus plus 4 g/animal/day ZADO® (Z) (enzyme preparation in powder form) (D2); A. halimus ensiled with Z1 and barley plus 4 g/animal/day Z (D3); A. halimus ensiled with Z2 and barley (D3) plus 4 g/animal/day Z (D4); A. halimus ensiled with a combination of Z1 and Z2 (1 :1) and barley plus 4 g/head/day Z (D5). For all trials, ad libitum A. halimus was offered twice a day at 9:00 and 16:00 h while barley grain was given once a day at 10:00 h. Both D1 and D2 diets increased (P <0.001) dry matter intake of A. halimus and total dry matter intake. Addition of 4 g/day of Z to Z1 and/or Z2 ensiled diets improved (P < 0.0001) organic matter, crude protein, crude fibre, and neutral detergent fibre digestibilities. Diets D1 and D2 increased (P < 0.001) N intake, whereas the direct addition of Z to D3, D4, and D5 decreased (P < 0.001) N balance and N balance/N absorption ratio. Sheep fed on Z in addition to Z2 ensiled A. halimus showed higher improvements for total volatile fatty acids (P < 0.001), ammonia N (P = 0.007), and microbial protein production (P = 0.003). It can be concluded that feeding sheep on A. halimus ensiled with Z1 and Z2 with direct feeding of Z enzyme preparation improved intake, digestibility, nitrogen balance and utilization, as well as rumen fermentation

La Imagen Y La Narrativa Como Herramientas Para El Abordaje Psicosocial En Escenarios De Violencia. Departamentos De Cundinamarca, Boyacá Y Antioquia.

El abordaje psicosocial en los escenarios de violencia, toma cada día más importancia, ya que son muchas las familias que se ven afectadas por este conflicto; deteriorando el tejido social y la calidad de vida de las personas. Gracias a las diferentes técnicas y herramientas de abordaje, se ha logrado analizar estos casos e incrementar la ayuda y el apoyo a las víctimas, logrando analizar sus vivencias y minimizar el impacto de las mismas en un futuro. En este trabajo se logra analizar diferentes casos de violencia en Colombia, a través de las técnicas como la foto voz y la Narrativa, las cuales han demostrado ser de mucha utilidad. En este documento se analiza el caso del señor Modesto Pacayá, tomado del libro Voces: historias de violencia y esperanza en Colombia. El señor Modesto es originario de Puerto Nariño, amazonas; indígena Ticuna, con cinco hijos y casado. Desmovilizado de las FARC, en su relato cuenta la historia de cómo llegó con su familia a San José del Guaviare, mediante engaños, para un trabajo, el cual resultó siendo raspar coca; el mismo que por problemas de salud no pudo llevar a cabo, por lo que se dedicó a construir casas, después de un tiempo fue contratado por un comandante de la guerrilla para ingresar comida al Meta, allí duró un tiempo hasta que llegó la orden de un comandante que le informaba que tenía que hacer un curso militar y le dijeron que si no hacía el curso, se moría. Luego de realizar el curso lo ascendieron a comandante de escuadra, pero a pesar de que le mandaba dinero a su familia, no lo dejaban estar con ellos, se empezó a sentir muy mal y decidió desmovilizarse en 2007, el ejército le ayudo y lo trasladó con su familia para Bogotá, donde surgió la Oportunidad de reconstruir nuevamente su vida. Modesto validó el bachillerato. Obtuvo un proyecto productivo, con el Apoyo de la alta consejería, montó un negocio y rehízo su vida al lado de su familia. En este relato se destaca la valentía de Modesto quien decidió cambiar su historia y la de su familia, superando las Adversidades y traumas que le dejó su paso por la guerrilla; logrando salir adelante, estudiar y conformar un negocio, emancipando un mejor futuro y proyecto de vida. Finalmente, se analiza el caso de las comunidades de Cacarica, quienes fueron Víctimas de Enfrentamientos Militares por disputas por sus territorios, durante ellas, la comunidad sufrió desapariciones, asesinatos y amenazas, las cuales generaron graves problemáticas a nivel social, económico, político y cultural. Palabras Claves: Desmovilizado, Victimas, Guerrilla, Adversidades, Oportunidad, Apoyo, Enfrentamientos Militares, Narrativa.The psychosocial aproche in the scenarios of violence is becoming increasingly important, since there are many families that are affected by this conflict; deteriorating the social fabric and the quality of life of people. Thanks to the different techniques and approach tools, it has been possible to analyze these cases and increase the help and support to the victims, managing to analyze their experiences and minimize their impact in the future. In this work it is possible to analyze different cases of violence in Colombia, through techniques such as photo voice and Narrative, which have proven to be very useful. This document analyzes the case of Mr. Modesto Pacayá, taken from the book Voces: stories of violence and hope in Colombia. Mr. Modesto is originally from Puerto Nariño, Amazons; Ticuna indigenous, with five children and married. Demobilized from the FARC, in his account he tells the story of how he arrived with his family in San José del Guaviare, through deception, for a job, which turned out to be scraping coca; the same that for health problems could not be carried out, so he dedicated himself to building houses, after a while he was hired by a guerrilla commander to enter food to the Meta, there it lasted a while until the order to arrive a commander who informed him that he had to do a military course and was told that if he did not take the course, he would die. After completing the course he was promoted to squad commander, but although he sent money to his family, they did not let him be with them, he began to feel very bad and decided to demobilize in 2007, the army helped him and transferred him with his family to Bogotá, where the Opportunity arose to rebuild his life again. Modesto validated the baccalaureate. He obtained a productive project, with the support of high counseling, set up a business and banned his life next to his family. This story highlights the courage of Modesto who decided to change his story and that of his family, overcoming the Adversities and traumas left by his passage through the guerrillas; managing to get ahead, study and build a business, emancipating a better future and life project. Finally, the case of the communities of Cacarica, who were victims of military confrontations due to disputes over their territories, is analyzed, during which the community suffered disappearances, murders and threats, which generated serious problems at a social, economic, political and cultural level. Keywords: Demobilized, Victim, Guerrilla, Adversities Opportunity, Support, Military Confrontation

Acciones de prevención de trichinelosis en la provincia de Córdoba: promoviendo la calidad e inocuidad alimentaria en producciones familiares

La Trichinelosis es una zoonosis de incidencia variable y depende en parte de las prácticas relacionadas con preparación y la ingestión de la carne de cerdo o de animales silvestres, y de la medida en que se identifica y notifica la enfermedad. En Argentina, durante elperíodo 2012-2018, el número de casos humanos sospechosos llegó a 6.662. Según el reporte del Ministerio de Salud, en la semana epidemiológica 30 de 2018, en la provincia de Córdoba se registraron 225 casos con fuente de infección procedente de la localidad de Canals, afectando diversos municipios, principalmente Canals y Río Cuarto. En la región existe la costumbre de elaboración y consumo de chacinados de producción casera favorecida por las grandes extensiones donde hay cría de porcinos, cotos de caza de jabalí y presencia de pumas. Además, el contexto económico actual induce a la cría de cerdos para el consumo familiar en barrios periféricos de las ciudades. A su vez, las sierras del surde Córdoba representan un destino turístico muy elegido, escenario para la venta deproductos artesanales, que crea un clima propicio para la comercialización de embutidos de cerdo, tanto secos curados como crudos. Considerando la alta prevalencia de la enfermedadreportada en cerdos campestres y jabalíes, es importante enfocarse en la detección de laparasitosis antes del consumo. Así, en el marco de proyectos de extensión universitaria seimplementó un programa integral de prevención de Trichinelosis en la ciudad de Río Cuarto y zona de influencia. El mismo está dirigido especialmente a las familias que crían cerdos en estas zonas, a cazadores y a pequeños productores de la región que elaboran chacinados para el consumo familiar. Desde agosto 2022 hasta la fecha se ofrece el servicio de diagnóstico gratuito de Trichinella sp mediante la técnica de Digestión Artificial. En total, 51 muestras de reses porcinas y piezas de caza destinadas al consumo familiar han sido procesadas. Éstas provienen de localidades de la zona sur de la provincia de Córdoba como Alcira Gigena (31%), Berrotarán (11%) Alpa Corral (10%), General Deheza (8%), etc. El origen de las muestras teniendo en cuenta la especie animal,correspondió en un 40% de los casos a Jabalí. En ninguna de las muestras analizadas se observaron estructuras compatibles con larvas de Trichinella sp. Lograr un consumo seguro y responsable requiere de acciones de vigilancia integrales que contribuyan a sensibilizar, informar y capacitar a la población de una manera clara y sostenida. La alta demanda de diagnóstico en jabalí y de las localidades aledañas a Río Cuarto, evidencian la necesidad de ofrecer el diagnóstico de Trichinella sp. en piezas de caza para un consumo seguro. El diseño de proyectos multidisciplinarios y multisectoriales en la temática contribuye decididamente a lograr beneficios en salud pública, sanidad animal y gestión ambiental.Fil: Bianchi, G. U.. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Agronomía y Veterinaria. Departamento de Patología Animal; ArgentinaFil: Lombardelli, Joaquín Andrés. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Agronomía y Veterinaria. Departamento de Patología Animal; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba; ArgentinaFil: Illanes, Natalia Veronica. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Agronomía y Veterinaria. Departamento de Patología Animal; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba; ArgentinaFil: Bertone, Julia. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Agronomía y Veterinaria. Departamento de Patología Animal; ArgentinaFil: Tiranti, Karina Ivana. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Agronomía y Veterinaria. Departamento de Patología Animal; ArgentinaFil: Chanique, Analia Maria Luisa. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Agronomía y Veterinaria. Departamento de Patología Animal; ArgentinaFil: Lopo, L.. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Agronomía y Veterinaria. Departamento de Patología Animal; ArgentinaFil: Rivero, Maria Romina. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Instituto para el Desarrollo Agroindustrial y de la Salud. - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto para el Desarrollo Agroindustrial y de la Salud; ArgentinaFil: Motta, Carlos. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Agronomía y Veterinaria. Departamento de Patología Animal; ArgentinaXII Jornadas de Jóvenes InvestigadoresCiudad de Buenos AiresArgentinaUniversidad Nacional de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinaria

LUISA Dynamic Land Functions: Catalogue of Indicators – Release I: EU Reference Scenario 2013 LUISA Platform - Updated Configuration 2014

The concept of ‘dynamic land function’ is a new notion for cross-sector integration and for the representation of complex system dynamics. A land function can be societal (e.g. provision of housing, leisure and recreation), economic (e.g. provision of production factors - employment, investments, energy – or provision of manufacturing products and services – food, fuels, consumer goods, etc.) or environmental (e.g. supply of ecosystem services). Land functions are temporally and spatially dynamic, and are constrained and driven by natural, socio-economic, and techno-economic processes. Based on the concept of ‘land function’ and beyond a traditional land use model, the Land-Use based Integrated Sustainability Assessment (LUISA) modelling platform adopts a new approach towards activity-based modelling based upon the endogenous dynamic allocation of population, services and activities. The ultimate product of LUISA is a set of territorial indicators that can be grouped and combined according to the ‘land function’ of interest and/or to the sector under assessment. The herein presented indicators measure the provision of land functions in the period 2010-2050, according to the EU Reference Scenario (LUISA, updated configuration 2014), consistent with settings (economic and demographic in particular) and policies in place in 2013 (hence including the 2020 renewable energy targets). The indicators are aggregated by Member States and Regions (Administrative Units NUTS-2) and can be employed as benchmark to monitor sectorial and territorial evolutions of alternative scenarios (e.g. to simulate policy options or specific measures), and for future updates of the reference scenario, to capture policy impacts (for example when changing energy targets) and their territorial effects. This catalogue aims to provide the description of the land functions and the list of related indicators and an indicator factsheet (metadata). 30 indicators, out of the more than 50 currently produced by LUISA, are included in the first release of the catalogue. The catalogue is periodically up-dated, following the updates of the configurations of the LUISA modelling platform and the definition, computation and validation of new indicators. Indicators and basic spatial layers used for the simulations will be made available in the frame of the framework for the management of knowledge and dissemination of information being set up by the Pilot Knowledge Centre on Territorial Policies.JRC.H.8-Sustainability Assessmen

Changes in the requirement for early surgery in inflammatory bowel disease in the era of biological agents

This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Changes in the requirement for early surgery in inflammatory bowel disease in the era of biological agents. Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2020): 29 April, which has been published in final form at https://doi.org/10.1111/jgh.15084. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Use of Self-Archived VersionsBiological therapies may be changing the natural history of inflammatory bowel diseases, reducing the need for surgical intervention. We aimed to assess whether the availability of anti‐TNF agents impacts the need for early surgery in Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). Methods Retrospective, cohort study of patients diagnosed within a 6‐year period before and after the licensing of anti‐TNFs (1990‐1995 and 2007‐2012 for CD; 1995‐2000 and 2007‐2012 for UC) were identified in the ENEIDA Registry. Surgery‐free survival curves were compared between cohorts. Results A total of 7,370 CD patients (2,022 in Cohort 1 and 5,348 in Cohort 2) and 8,069 UC patients (2,938 in Cohort 1 and 5,131 in Cohort 2) were included. Immunosuppressants were used significantly earlier and more frequently in both CD and UC post‐biological cohorts. The cumulative probability of surgery was lower in CD following anti‐TNF approval (16% and 11%, 22% and 16%, and 29% and 19%, at 1, 3 and 5 years, respectively p<0.0001), though not in UC (3% and 2%, 4% and 4%, and 6% and 5% at 1, 3 and 5 years, respectively; p=0.2). Ileal involvement, older age at diagnosis and active smoking in CD, and extensive disease in UC, were independent risk factors for surgery, whereas high‐volume IBD centres (in both CD and UC) and immunosuppressant use (in CD) were protective factors. Conclusions Anti‐TNF availability was associated with a reduction in early surgery for CD (driven mainly by earlier and more widespread immunosuppressant use) but not in U