125 research outputs found

    Screening of Iberian Coinage in the 2(th)-1(th) BCE Period Using the Voltammetry of Immobilized Particles

    Full text link
    This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: A. DomĂ©nech-CarbĂł, M. T. DomĂ©nech-CarbĂł, C. Álvarez-Romero, T. PasĂ­es, M. BuendĂ­a, Electroanalysis 2019, 31, 1164, which has been published in final form at https://doi.org/10.1002/elan.201900090. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Self-Archiving.[EN] The voltammetry of immobilized particles (VIMP) was applied for grouping a series of 86 Iberian coins nominally minted in the cities of Iltirta, Castulo and Obulco in the 2(th)-1(th) BCE period for which there are no chronological data. Using characteristic signatures for the reduction of cuprite, tenorite and lead corrosion products in the patina of the coins, voltammetric grouping of coins was proposed. Voltammetric data were found to be consistent with textural and compositional properties of the surface and subsurface of selected coins using FIB-FESEM-EDX. The obtained data confirmed a clear separation between the productions of Iltirta on one side, and those of Castulo and Obulco on the other side, indicating the possibility to establish a rough chronology for these productions.Project CTQ2017-85317-C2-1-P, supported with Ministerio de Economia, Industria y Competitividad (MINECO), Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (ERDF) and Agencia Estatal de Investigacion (AEI), is gratefully acknowledged. The authors wish also to thank Mr. Manuel Planes and Dr. Jose Luis Moya, technical supervisors of the Electron Microscopy Service of the Universitat Politecnica de Valencia. Thanks to Manuel Gozalbes for his technical assistance in the numismatic domain and Gonzalo Cores and the Museu de Prehistrica de Valencia for facilitating the access to its collections.DomĂ©nech-CarbĂł, A.; Domenech Carbo, MT.; Álvarez-Romero, C.; PasĂ­es, T.; BuendĂ­a, M. (2019). Screening of Iberian Coinage in the 2(th)-1(th) BCE Period Using the Voltammetry of Immobilized Particles. Electroanalysis. 31(6):1164-1173. https://doi.org/10.1002/elan.201900090S11641173316P. P. RipollĂšs V. Heuchert A. Burnett Coinage and identity in the Roman provinces Oxford University Press London 79 93M. Gozalbes CirculaciĂłn y uso de los denarios ibĂ©ricos in M. Campo Ús i circulaciĂł de la moneda a la Hispania Citerior XIII Curs d'histĂČria monetĂ ria d'Hispania Museu de PrehistĂČria de ValĂšncia ValĂšncia 83 103Constantinides, I., Gritsch, M., Adriaens, A., Hutter, H., & Adams, F. (2001). Microstructural characterisation of five simulated archaeological copper alloys using light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis and secondary ion mass spectrometry. Analytica Chimica Acta, 440(2), 189-198. doi:10.1016/s0003-2670(01)01061-3Linke, R., & Schreiner, M. (2000). Energy Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence Analysis and X-Ray Microanalysis of Medieval Silver Coins. Microchimica Acta, 133(1-4), 165-170. doi:10.1007/s006040070087Dowsett, M., & Adriaens, A. (2004). The role of SIMS in cultural heritage studies. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms, 226(1-2), 38-52. doi:10.1016/j.nimb.2003.12.086Shalev, S., Shilstein, S. S., & Yekutieli, Y. (2006). XRF study of archaeological and metallurgical material from an ancient copper-smelting site near Ein-Yahav, Israel☆. Talanta, 70(5), 909-913. doi:10.1016/j.talanta.2006.05.052Gaudiuso, R., Dell’Aglio, M., De Pascale, O., Loperfido, S., Mangone, A., & De Giacomo, A. (2014). Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy of archaeological findings with calibration-free inverse method: Comparison with classical laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy and conventional techniques. Analytica Chimica Acta, 813, 15-24. doi:10.1016/j.aca.2014.01.020Del Hoyo-MelĂ©ndez, J. M., ƚwit, P., Matosz, M., WoĆșniak, M., KlisiƄska-Kopacz, A., & Bratasz, Ɓ. (2015). Micro-XRF analysis of silver coins from medieval Poland. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms, 349, 6-16. doi:10.1016/j.nimb.2015.02.018Tomassetti, M., Marini, F., Bucci, R., & Campanella, L. (2016). A survey on innovative dating methods in archaeometry with focus on fossil bones. TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry, 79, 371-379. doi:10.1016/j.trac.2015.11.017BUDD, P., GALE, D., POLLARD, A. M., THOMAS, R. G., & WILLIAMS, P. A. (1993). EVALUATING LEAD ISOTOPE DATA: FURTHER OBSERVATIONS. Archaeometry, 35(2), 241-247. doi:10.1111/j.1475-4754.1993.tb01038.xAttanasio, D., Bultrini, G., & Ingo, G. M. (2001). The Possibility of Provenancing A Series of Bronze Punic Coins Found At Tharros (Western Sardinia) Using the Literature Lead Isotope Database. Archaeometry, 43(4), 529-547. doi:10.1111/1475-4754.00035Scott, D. A. (1994). An Examination of the Patina and Corrosion Morphology of Some Roman Bronzes. Journal of the American Institute for Conservation, 33(1), 1. doi:10.2307/3179666Constantinides, I., Adriaens, A., & Adams, F. (2002). Surface characterization of artificial corrosion layers on copper alloy reference materials. Applied Surface Science, 189(1-2), 90-101. doi:10.1016/s0169-4332(02)00005-3Robbiola, L., & Portier, R. (2006). A global approach to the authentication of ancient bronzes based on the characterization of the alloy–patina–environment system. Journal of Cultural Heritage, 7(1), 1-12. doi:10.1016/j.culher.2005.11.001Robbiola, L., Blengino, J.-M., & Fiaud, C. (1998). Morphology and mechanisms of formation of natural patinas on archaeological Cu–Sn alloys. Corrosion Science, 40(12), 2083-2111. doi:10.1016/s0010-938x(98)00096-1L. Robbiola L.-P. Hurtel Standard nature of the passive layers of buried archaeological bronze – The example of two Roman half-length portraits in I. MacLeod S. Pennec L. Robbiola 1997 109 117F. Scholz B. Meyer 1998 1 86DomĂ©nech-CarbĂł, A., Labuda, J., & Scholz, F. (2012). Electroanalytical chemistry for the analysis of solids: Characterization and classification (IUPAC Technical Report). Pure and Applied Chemistry, 85(3), 609-631. doi:10.1351/pac-rep-11-11-13DomĂ©nech-CarbĂł, A., DomĂ©nech-CarbĂł, M. T., & Costa, V. (Eds.). (2009). Electrochemical Methods in Archaeometry, Conservation and Restoration. Monographs in Electrochemistry. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-92868-3DomĂ©nech, A. (2011). Tracing, authenticating and dating archaeological metal using the voltammetry of microparticles. Analytical Methods, 3(10), 2181. doi:10.1039/c1ay05416cDomĂ©nech-CarbĂł, A., & DomĂ©nech-CarbĂł, M. T. (2018). Electroanalytical techniques in archaeological and art conservation. Pure and Applied Chemistry, 90(3), 447-461. doi:10.1515/pac-2017-0508Costa, V., Leyssens, K., Adriaens, A., Richard, N., & Scholz, F. (2009). Electrochemistry reveals archaeological materials. Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry, 14(3), 449-451. doi:10.1007/s10008-009-0864-8Arjmand, F., & Adriaens, A. (2011). Electrochemical quantification of copper-based alloys using voltammetry of microparticles: optimization of the experimental conditions. Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry, 16(2), 535-543. doi:10.1007/s10008-011-1365-0Souissi, N., Bousselmi, L., Khosrof, S., & Triki, E. (2004). Voltammetric behaviour of an archeaological bronze alloy in aqueous chloride media. Materials and Corrosion, 55(4), 284-292. doi:10.1002/maco.200303719Ottenwelter, E., & Costa, V. (2014). Evidence of Metallic Plating on Archaeological Artefacts by Voltammetry of Microparticles. Archaeometry, 57(3), 497-504. doi:10.1111/arcm.12091DomĂ©nech-CarbĂł, A., DomĂ©nech-CarbĂł, M., & MartĂ­nez-LĂĄzaro, I. (2007). Electrochemical identification of bronze corrosion products in archaeological artefacts. A case study. Microchimica Acta, 162(3-4), 351-359. doi:10.1007/s00604-007-0839-3Ć atović, D., Martinez, S., & Bobrowski, A. (2010). Electrochemical identification of corrosion products on historical and archaeological bronzes using the voltammetry of micro-particles attached to a carbon paste electrode. Talanta, 81(4-5), 1760-1765. doi:10.1016/j.talanta.2010.03.037DomĂ©nech-CarbĂł, A., DomĂ©nech-CarbĂł, M. T., Redondo-MarugĂĄn, J., Osete-Cortina, L., & Vivancos-RamĂłn, M. V. (2015). Electrochemical Characterization of Corrosion Products in Leaded Bronze Sculptures Considering Ohmic Drop Effects on Tafel Analysis. Electroanalysis, 28(4), 833-845. doi:10.1002/elan.201500613Blum, D., Leyffer, W., & Holze, R. (1996). Pencil-Leads as new electrodes for abrasive stripping voltammetry. Electroanalysis, 8(3), 296-297. doi:10.1002/elan.1140080317DomĂ©nech-CarbĂł, A., DomĂ©nech-CarbĂł, M. T., & PeirĂł-Ronda, MÂȘa. (2011). ‘One-Touch’ Voltammetry of Microparticles for the Identification of Corrosion Products in Archaeological Lead. Electroanalysis, 23(6), 1391-1400. doi:10.1002/elan.201000739DomĂ©nech, A., Lastras, M., RodrĂ­guez, F., & Osete, L. (2013). Mapping of corrosion products of highly altered archeological iron using voltammetry of microparticles. Microchemical Journal, 106, 41-50. doi:10.1016/j.microc.2012.05.002DomĂ©nech, A., DomĂ©nech-CarbĂł, M. T., & MartĂ­nez-LĂĄzaro, I. (2010). Layer-by-layer identification of copper alteration products in metallic works of art using the voltammetry of microparticles. Analytica Chimica Acta, 680(1-2), 1-9. doi:10.1016/j.aca.2010.09.002DOMÉNECH-CARBÓ, A., DOMÉNECH-CARBÓ, M. T., PEIRÓ-RONDA, M. A., & OSETE-CORTINA, L. (2011). ELECTROCHEMISTRY AND AUTHENTICATION OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL LEAD USING VOLTAMMETRY OF MICROPARTICLES: APPLICATION TO THE TOSSAL DE SANT MIQUEL IBERIAN PLATE. Archaeometry, 53(6), 1193-1211. doi:10.1111/j.1475-4754.2011.00608.xDomĂ©nech-CarbĂł, A., DomĂ©nech-CarbĂł, M. T., PĂ©rez, M. L., & Herrero-Cortell, M. (2015). Detection of archaeological forgeries of Iberian lead plates using nanoelectrochemical techniques. The lot of fake plates from Bugarra (Spain). Forensic Science International, 247, 79-88. doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2014.12.001Doménech-Carbó, A., Doménech-Carbó, M. T., & Peiró-Ronda, M. A. (2011). Dating Archeological Lead Artifacts from Measurement of the Corrosion Content Using the Voltammetry of Microparticles. Analytical Chemistry, 83(14), 5639-5644. doi:10.1021/ac200731qDomĂ©nech-CarbĂł, A., DomĂ©nech-CarbĂł, M. T., Capelo, S., PasĂ­es, T., & MartĂ­nez-LĂĄzaro, I. (2014). Dating Archaeological Copper/Bronze Artifacts by Using the Voltammetry of Microparticles. Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 53(35), 9262-9266. doi:10.1002/anie.201404522DomĂ©nech-CarbĂł, A., Scholz, F., DomĂ©nech-CarbĂł, M. T., Piquero-Cilla, J., Montoya, N., PasĂ­es-Oviedo, T., 
 Oliver, A. (2018). Dating of Archaeological Gold by Means of Solid State Electrochemistry. ChemElectroChem, 5(15), 2113-2117. doi:10.1002/celc.201800435DomĂ©nech-CarbĂł, A., DomĂ©nech-CarbĂł, M. T., Redondo-MarugĂĄn, J., Osete-Cortina, L., Barrio, J., Fuentes, A., 
 PasĂ­es, T. (2017). Electrochemical Characterization and Dating of Archaeological Leaded Bronze Objects Using the Voltammetry of Immobilized Particles. Archaeometry, 60(2), 308-324. doi:10.1111/arcm.12308Di Turo, F., Montoya, N., Piquero-Cilla, J., De Vito, C., Coletti, F., Favero, G., 
 DomĂ©nech-CarbĂł, A. (2017). Dating Archaeological Strata in theMagna MaterTemple Using Solid-state Voltammetric Analysis of Leaded Bronze Coins. Electroanalysis, 30(2), 361-370. doi:10.1002/elan.201700724DomĂ©nech-CarbĂł, A., DomĂ©nech-CarbĂł, M. T., Álvarez-Romero, C., Montoya, N., PasĂ­es-Oviedo, T., & BuendĂ­a, M. (2017). Electrochemical Characterization of Coinage Techniques the 17thCentury: ThemaravedĂ­sCase. Electroanalysis, 29(9), 2008-2018. doi:10.1002/elan.201700326Pavlov, D., Monakhov, B., Maja, M., & Penazzi, N. (1989). Mechanism of Action of Sn on the Passivation Phenomena in the Lead‐Acid Battery Positive Plate (Sn‐Free Effect). Journal of The Electrochemical Society, 136(1), 27-33. doi:10.1149/1.2096603Cai, W.-B., Wan, Y.-Q., Liu, H.-T., & Zhou, W.-F. (1995). A study of the reduction process of anodic PbO2 film on Pb in sulfuric acid solution. Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry, 387(1-2), 95-100. doi:10.1016/0022-0728(94)03866-2MEEKS, N. D. (1986). TIN-RICH SURFACES ON BRONZE?SOME EXPERIMENTAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL CONSIDERATIONS. Archaeometry, 28(2), 133-162. doi:10.1111/j.1475-4754.1986.tb00383.xSerghini-Idrissi, M., Bernard, M. C., Harrif, F. Z., Joiret, S., Rahmouni, K., Srhiri, A., 
 Ziani, M. (2005). Electrochemical and spectroscopic characterizations of patinas formed on an archaeological bronze coin. Electrochimica Acta, 50(24), 4699-4709. doi:10.1016/j.electacta.2005.01.050Bongiorno, V., Campodonico, S., Caffara, R., Piccardo, P., & Carnasciali, M. M. (2012). Micro‐Raman spectroscopy for the characterization of artistic patinas produced on copper‐based alloys. Journal of Raman Spectroscopy, 43(11), 1617-1622. doi:10.1002/jrs.4167Basso, E., Invernizzi, C., Malagodi, M., La Russa, M. F., Bersani, D., & Lottici, P. P. (2014). Characterization of colorants and opacifiers in roman glass mosaictesseraethrough spectroscopic and spectrometric techniques. Journal of Raman Spectroscopy, 45(3), 238-245. doi:10.1002/jrs.4449Ingo, G. M., Plescia, P., Angelini, E., Riccucci, C., & de Caro, T. (2006). Bronze roman mirrors: the secret of brightness. Applied Physics A, 83(4), 611-615. doi:10.1007/s00339-006-3535-

    Neural architectures of music – Insights from acquired amusia

    Get PDF
    The ability to perceive and produce music is a quintessential element of human life, present in all known cultures. Modern functional neuroimaging has revealed that music listening activates a large-scale bilateral network of cortical and subcortical regions in the healthy brain. Even the most accurate structural studies do not reveal which brain areas are critical and causally linked to music processing. Such questions may be answered by analysing the effects of focal brain lesions in patientsÂŽ ability to perceive music. In this sense, acquired amusia after stroke provides a unique opportunity to investigate the neural architectures crucial for normal music processing. Based on the first large-scale longitudinal studies on stroke-induced amusia using modern multi-modal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques, such as advanced lesion-symptom mapping, grey and white matter morphometry, tractography and functional connectivity, we discuss neural structures critical for music processing, consider music processing in light of the dual-stream model in the right hemisphere, and propose a neural model for acquired amusia.</p

    Political candidates in infotainment programmes and their emotional effects on Twitter: An analysis of the 2015 Spanish general elections pre-campaign season

    Full text link
    This is an Accepted Manuscript of an article published by Taylor & Francis in Contemporary Social Science on 2019, available online: http://www.tandfonline.com/10.1080/21582041.2017.1367833.[EN] The infotainment format offers candidates an informal setting to show a more personal side of themselves to the electorate, opening themselves up to potential voters. An example of media hybridisation, social networks users can immediately comment on infotainment television programmes, a process known as second screening. These second screeners tend to be especially active in politics. This paper analyses the immediate emotional reaction of these users as they watch infotainment programmes that air during the campaign or pre-campaign seasons and feature political candidates as guests. We have confirmed that second screeners react more emotionally towards the candidate when his or her party is mentioned, and less emotionally when the host displays an aggressive attitude through his or her non-verbal communication. When issues related to the candidateÂżs personal lives are discussed, usersÂż emotional reactions improve slightly. The relevance of this research stems from the fact that we are witnessing the consolidation of a politics that increasingly strays from ideological questions, and instead focuses on more emotional and personal issues.This work was supported by the Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad under Grants CSO2013-43960-R and CSO2016-77331-C2-1-R.Baviera, T.; Peris, À.; Cano-OrĂłn, L. (2019). Political candidates in infotainment programmes and their emotional effects on Twitter: An analysis of the 2015 Spanish general elections pre-campaign season. Contemporary Social Science. 14(1):144-156. https://doi.org/10.1080/21582041.2017.1367833S144156141Baum, M. A., & Jamison, A. S. (2006). TheOprahEffect: How Soft News Helps Inattentive Citizens Vote Consistently. The Journal of Politics, 68(4), 946-959. doi:10.1111/j.1468-2508.2006.00482.xBravo-Marquez, F., Mendoza, M., & Poblete, B. (2014). Meta-level sentiment models for big social data analysis. Knowledge-Based Systems, 69, 86-99. doi:10.1016/j.knosys.2014.05.016Casero-RipollĂ©s, A., Feenstra, R. A., & Tormey, S. (2016). Old and New Media Logics in an Electoral Campaign. The International Journal of Press/Politics, 21(3), 378-397. doi:10.1177/1940161216645340Ceron, A., & Splendore, S. (2016). From contents to comments: Social TV and perceived pluralism in political talk shows. New Media & Society, 20(2), 659-675. doi:10.1177/1461444816668187Chadwick, A. (2013). The Hybrid Media System. doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199759477.001.0001Dang-Xuan, L., Stieglitz, S., Wladarsch, J., & Neuberger, C. (2013). AN INVESTIGATION OF INFLUENTIALS AND THE ROLE OF SENTIMENT IN POLITICAL COMMUNICATION ON TWITTER DURING ELECTION PERIODS. Information, Communication & Society, 16(5), 795-825. doi:10.1080/1369118x.2013.783608Giglietto, F., & Selva, D. (2014). Second Screen and Participation: A Content Analysis on a Full Season Dataset of Tweets. Journal of Communication, 64(2), 260-277. doi:10.1111/jcom.12085Grabe, M. E., & Bucy, E. P. (2009). Image Bite Politics. doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195372076.001.0001Guo, L., & Vargo, C. (2015). The Power of Message Networks: A Big-Data Analysis of the Network Agenda Setting Model and Issue Ownership. Mass Communication and Society, 18(5), 557-576. doi:10.1080/15205436.2015.1045300Harrington, S. (2008). Popular news in the 21st century Time for a new critical approach? Journalism: Theory, Practice & Criticism, 9(3), 266-284. doi:10.1177/1464884907089008LĂłpez-Rico, C.-M., & Peris-Blanes, À. (2017). Agenda e imagen de los candidatos de las elecciones generales de 2015 en España en programas televisivos de infoentretenimiento. El Profesional de la InformaciĂłn, 26(4), 611. doi:10.3145/epi.2017.jul.05Maruyama, M., Robertson, S. P., Douglas, S., Raine, R., & Semaan, B. (2017). Social Watching a Civic Broadcast. Proceedings of the 2017 ACM Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work and Social Computing. doi:10.1145/2998181.2998340Medhat, W., Hassan, A., & Korashy, H. (2014). Sentiment analysis algorithms and applications: A survey. Ain Shams Engineering Journal, 5(4), 1093-1113. doi:10.1016/j.asej.2014.04.011Saif, H., He, Y., & Alani, H. (2012). Semantic Sentiment Analysis of Twitter. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 508-524. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-35176-1_32Shah, D. V., Hanna, A., Bucy, E. P., Lassen, D. S., Van Thomme, J., Bialik, K., 
 Pevehouse, J. C. W. (2016). Dual Screening During Presidential Debates. American Behavioral Scientist, 60(14), 1816-1843. doi:10.1177/0002764216676245Sullivan, D. G., & Masters, R. D. (1988). «Happy Warriors»: Leaders’ Facial Displays, Viewers’ Emotions, and Political Support. American Journal of Political Science, 32(2), 345. doi:10.2307/2111127Thelwall, M., Buckley, K., Paltoglou, G., Cai, D., & Kappas, A. (2010). Sentiment strength detection in short informal text. Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, 61(12), 2544-2558. doi:10.1002/asi.21416Vergeer, M., & Franses, P. H. (2015). Live audience responses to live televised election debates: time series analysis of issue salience and party salience on audience behavior. Information, Communication & Society, 19(10), 1390-1410. doi:10.1080/1369118x.2015.1093526Vilares, D., Thelwall, M., & Alonso, M. A. (2015). The megaphone of the people? Spanish SentiStrength for real-time analysis of political tweets. Journal of Information Science, 41(6), 799-813. doi:10.1177/0165551515598926Wohn, D. Y., & Na, E.-K. (2011). Tweeting about TV: Sharing television viewing experiences via social media message streams. First Monday. doi:10.5210/fm.v16i3.336

    Dynamic soluble changes in sVEGFR1, HGF, and VEGF promote chemotherapy and bevacizumab resistance: A prospective translational study in the BECOX (GEMCAD 09-01) trial

    Full text link
    Despite initial responsiveness, acquired resistance to both bevacizumab and chemotherapy in metastatic colorectal cancer is universal. We have recently published that in vitro, chronically oxaliplatin resistance upregulates soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1, downregulates vascular endothelial growth factor, and also promotes c-MET, b-ca catenin/transcription factor 4, and AKT activation. We tested whether variation in three serum biomarkers such as the natural c-MET ligand (hepatocyte growth factor), soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1, and vascular endothelial growth factor-A was associated with efficacy in metastatic colorectal cancer patients treated in the prospective BECOX study. Serum levels of vascular endothelial growth factor-A165, soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1, and hepatocyte growth factor were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method basally and every 3 cycles (at the time of computed tomography evaluation) in a preplanned translational study in the first-line BECOX trial in metastatic colorectal cancer patients treated with CAPOX plus bevacizumab. Response was evaluated by routine contrast-enhanced computed tomography by RECIST 1.1 by investigator assessment and by three blinded independent radiologists. Ratios between soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1/vascular endothelial growth factor-A and hepatocyte growth factor/vascular endothelial growth factor-A were established and variations through time were related to RECIST 1.1 by investigator assessment and independent radiologist. The BECOX trial included 68 patients, and 27 patients were analyzed in the translational trial. A total of 80 RECIST 1.1 evaluations were done by investigator assessment and 56 by independent radiologist. We found that a 3.22-fold increase in soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1/vascular endothelial growth factor-A by investigator assessment and a 3.06-fold increase in soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1/vascular endothelial growth factor-A by independent radiologist from previous determination were associated with responses compared with 1.38-fold increase by investigator assessment and 1.59 by independent radiologist in non-responders (p= 0.0009 and p = 0.03, respectively). Responders had a 3.36-fold increase in hepatocyte growth factor/vascular endothelial growth factor-A from previous determination by investigator assessment and 3.66-fold increase in hepatocyte growth factor/vascular endothelial growth factor-A by independent radiologist compared with 1.43-fold increase by investigator assessment and 1.53 by independent radiologist for non-responders (p = 0.002 and 0.003, respectively). In conclusion, a decrease in vascular endothelial growth factor-A and an increase in soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 during chemotherapy and bevacizumab exposure can contribute to both chemotherapy (due to c- MET/b-catenin activation) and bevacizumab (due to low vascular endothelial growth factor requirements) resistance. Because hepatocyte growth factor levels decrease also during acquired resistance, alternative strategies to hepatocyte growth factor–ligand inhibition should be investigatedThis work was supported by “beca SEOM a Jóvenes Investigadores 2009” and by the Emili Letang fellowship to Estela Pineda

    Differential survival throughout the full annual cycle of a migratory bird presents a life-history trade-off.

    Get PDF
    Long-distance migrations are among the most physically demanding feats animals perform. Understanding the potential costs and benefits of such behaviour is a fundamental question in ecology and evolution. A hypothetical cost of migration should be outweighed by higher productivity and/or higher annual survival, but few studies on migratory species have been able to directly quantify patterns of survival throughout the full annual cycle and across the majority of a species' range. Here, we use telemetry data from 220 migratory Egyptian vultures Neophron percnopterus, tracked for 3,186 bird months and across approximately 70% of the species' global distribution, to test for differences in survival throughout the annual cycle. We estimated monthly survival probability relative to migration and latitude using a multi-event capture-recapture model in a Bayesian framework that accounted for age, origin, subpopulation and the uncertainty of classifying fates from tracking data. We found lower survival during migration compared to stationary periods (ÎČ = −0.816; 95% credible interval: −1.290 to −0.318) and higher survival on non-breeding grounds at southern latitudes (<25°N; ÎČ = 0.664; 0.076-1.319) compared to on breeding grounds. Survival was also higher for individuals originating from Western Europe (ÎČ = 0.664; 0.110-1.330) as compared to further east in Europe and Asia, and improved with age (ÎČ = 0.030; 0.020-0.042). Anthropogenic mortalities accounted for half of the mortalities with a known cause and occurred mainly in northern latitudes. Many juveniles drowned in the Mediterranean Sea on their first autumn migration while there were few confirmed mortalities in the Sahara Desert, indicating that migration barriers are likely species-specific. Our study advances the understanding of important fitness trade-offs associated with long-distance migration. We conclude that there is lower survival associated with migration, but that this may be offset by higher non-breeding survival at lower latitudes. We found more human-caused mortality farther north, and suggest that increasing anthropogenic mortality could disrupt the delicate migration trade-off balance. Research to investigate further potential benefits of migration (e.g. differential productivity across latitudes) could clarify how migration evolved and how migrants may persist in a rapidly changing world

    Prognostic value of cortically induced motor evoked activity by TMS in chronic stroke: caveats from a very revealing single clinical case

    Get PDF
    Background: We report the case of a chronic stroke patient (62 months after injury) showing total absence of motor activity evoked by transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) of spared regions of the left motor cortex, but near-to-complete recovery of motor abilities in the affected hand. Case presentation: Multimodal investigations included detailed TMS based motor mapping, motor evoked potentials (MEP), and Cortical Silent period (CSP) as well as functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) of motor activity, MRI based lesion analysis and Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) Tractography of corticospinal tract (CST). Anatomical analysis revealed a left hemisphere subinsular lesion interrupting the descending left CST at the level of the internal capsule. The absence of MEPs after intense TMS pulses to the ipsilesional M1, and the reversible suppression of ongoing electromyographic (EMG) activity (indexed by CSP) demonstrate a weak modulation of subcortical systems by the ipsilesional left frontal cortex, but an inability to induce efficient descending volleys from those cortical locations to right hand and forearm muscles. Functional MRI recordings under grasping and finger tapping patterns involving the affected hand showed slight signs of subcortical recruitment, as compared to the unaffected hand and hemisphere, as well as the expected cortical activations. Conclusions: The potential sources of motor voluntary activity for the affected hand in absence of MEPs are discussed. We conclude that multimodal analysis may contribute to a more accurate prognosis of stroke patients
    • 

    corecore