Pengaruh Klimat terhadap Infeksi Nematoda Saluran Pencernaan pada Sapi Potong di Kabupaten Bojonegoro, Provinsi Jawa Timur

This study aims to determine the effect of season on the prevalence of gastrointestinal nematode infections in beef cattle in Bojonegoro Regency. The study was conducted in the coverage area of the Sekolah Peternakan Rakyat (SPR) Mega Jaya, Kasiman District, Bojonegoro Regency. Fecal samples were taken from 263 heads cattle in the dry season and 270 headsin the rainy season. The local climatic data obtained from the One Stop Service Office of the Agency for Meteorology, Climatology and Geophysics (BMKG). Results showed significant differences in the prevalence of nematodosis between the dry season to the rainy season. Prevalence of nematodosis in the dry season by 50.98%, significantly lower than the prevalence in the rainy season, which reached 67.78%

Infestasi Pinjal Dan Infeksi Dipylidium Caninum Linnaeus Pada Kucing Liar Di Lingkungan Kampus Institut Pertanian Bogor, Kecamatan Dramaga

This study was conducted to investigate flea infestation and Dipylidium caninum (Linnaeus 1758) infection on stray cat on Bogor Agricultural University Dramaga. Thirty stray cats were collected from various places around on Bogor Agricultural University Dramaga. The stray cats that showed clinical signs of pruritus and alopecia were collected purposively. The whole body was powdered by gamexan powder, after that the fleas were collected by manual and examined microscopically. The totals of 30 fecal stray cat samples collected and examined toward D. caninum used Mcmaster methode, flotation methode, and saw the existence of proglottid. The result of identification showed that there was found one species of flea, namely Ctenocephalides felis (Bouche 1835), while on faeces was not found D. caninum. Twenty one stray cats were infected by the flea with density average of fleas per cat was 3.8 ± 1.9 individual

Aktivitas Anticestoda in Vitro Metabolit Sekunder Daun Miana (Coleus Blumei. Benth) Terhadap Cacing Hymenolepis Microstoma

Penelitian ini untuk mengetahui golongan senyawa metabolit sekunder dari ekstrak daun miana (Coleus blumei. Benth) yang memiliki aktivitas anticestoda. Daun miana kering diekstraksi dengan metode yang sesuai untuk mendapatkan golongan senyawa metabolit sekunder alkaloid, flavonoid, tanin, dan steroid. Aktivitas anticestoda diukur dengan menghitung waktu kematian cacing Hymenolepis microstoma pada setiap golongan metabolit sekunder konsentrasi 10%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tanin memiliki aktivitas anticestoda yang kuat yang tidak berbeda dengan praziquatel sebagai anthelmintik komersial. Akivitas anticestoda flavonoid mirip dengan tanin akan tetapi aktivitasnya masih dibawah praziquatel. Alkaloid dan steroid memiliki aktivitas anticestoda yang lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan tanin dan flavonoid. Hasil penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa tanin sebagai senyawa metabolit sekunder yang paling aktif sebagai anticestoda dibandingkan flavonoid, alkaloid, dan steroid

Prevalensi, Faktor Risiko dan Derajat Helminthiasis pada Sapi Limousin di Bptu-hpt Padang Mengatas

Helminthiasis is a disease caused by the infection of helminth parasite which is responsible for loss of livestock productivity. The cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the prevalence rate, degree infection, and risk factors for helminthiasis in limousine cattle at Balai Pembibitan Ternak Unggul dan Hijauan Pakan Ternak (BPTU-HPT) PadangMangatas. Fecal were collected and examined qualitatively by sedimentation and floatation methods andquantitatively by the McMaster method. Secondary data of helminthiasis cases in limousine cattle during the last three years 2018-2020 was collected from BPTU-HPT Padang Mangatas surveillance record. Limousine cattle at BPTU-HPTPadang Mangatas have a high prevalence of helminthiasis. Overall, the prevalence of gastrointestinal (GI) infection was 66.67 % and the eggs identified were Strongyle type egg (64.81%) and Moniezia benedeni. (12.96%). The prevalence ofinfection in cattle above 2 years old (0%) was significantly lower (P<0.001) than calves under 8 months of age (84.37%), and between 8-24 months of age (81.82%). The geometric mean of TTGT values shows the degree of helminth infection is relatively low (<500 TTGT)

Safety of hospital discharge before return of bowel function after elective colorectal surgery

Background: Ileus is common after colorectal surgery and is associated with an increased risk of postoperative complications. Identifying features of normal bowel recovery and the appropriateness for hospital discharge is challenging. This study explored the safety of hospital discharge before the return of bowel function. Methods: A prospective, multicentre cohort study was undertaken across an international collaborative network. Adult patients undergoing elective colorectal resection between January and April 2018 were included. The main outcome of interest was readmission to hospital within 30 days of surgery. The impact of discharge timing according to the return of bowel function was explored using multivariable regression analysis. Other outcomes were postoperative complications within 30 days of surgery, measured using the Clavien–Dindo classification system. Results: A total of 3288 patients were included in the analysis, of whom 301 (9·2 per cent) were discharged before the return of bowel function. The median duration of hospital stay for patients discharged before and after return of bowel function was 5 (i.q.r. 4–7) and 7 (6–8) days respectively (P < 0·001). There were no significant differences in rates of readmission between these groups (6·6 versus 8·0 per cent; P = 0·499), and this remained the case after multivariable adjustment for baseline differences (odds ratio 0·90, 95 per cent c.i. 0·55 to 1·46; P = 0·659). Rates of postoperative complications were also similar in those discharged before versus after return of bowel function (minor: 34·7 versus 39·5 per cent; major 3·3 versus 3·4 per cent; P = 0·110). Conclusion: Discharge before return of bowel function after elective colorectal surgery appears to be safe in appropriately selected patients

Safety and efficacy of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs to reduce ileus after colorectal surgery

Background: Ileus is common after elective colorectal surgery, and is associated with increased adverse events and prolonged hospital stay. The aim was to assess the role of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for reducing ileus after surgery. Methods: A prospective multicentre cohort study was delivered by an international, student- and trainee-led collaborative group. Adult patients undergoing elective colorectal resection between January and April 2018 were included. The primary outcome was time to gastrointestinal recovery, measured using a composite measure of bowel function and tolerance to oral intake. The impact of NSAIDs was explored using Cox regression analyses, including the results of a centre-specific survey of compliance to enhanced recovery principles. Secondary safety outcomes included anastomotic leak rate and acute kidney injury. Results: A total of 4164 patients were included, with a median age of 68 (i.q.r. 57\u201375) years (54\ub79 per cent men). Some 1153 (27\ub77 per cent) received NSAIDs on postoperative days 1\u20133, of whom 1061 (92\ub70 per cent) received non-selective cyclo-oxygenase inhibitors. After adjustment for baseline differences, the mean time to gastrointestinal recovery did not differ significantly between patients who received NSAIDs and those who did not (4\ub76 versus 4\ub78 days; hazard ratio 1\ub704, 95 per cent c.i. 0\ub796 to 1\ub712; P = 0\ub7360). There were no significant differences in anastomotic leak rate (5\ub74 versus 4\ub76 per cent; P = 0\ub7349) or acute kidney injury (14\ub73 versus 13\ub78 per cent; P = 0\ub7666) between the groups. Significantly fewer patients receiving NSAIDs required strong opioid analgesia (35\ub73 versus 56\ub77 per cent; P < 0\ub7001). Conclusion: NSAIDs did not reduce the time for gastrointestinal recovery after colorectal surgery, but they were safe and associated with reduced postoperative opioid requirement

Safety of hospital discharge before return of bowel function after elective colorectal surgery

Background Ileus is common after colorectal surgery and is associated with an increased risk of postoperative complications. Identifying features of normal bowel recovery and the appropriateness for hospital discharge is challenging. This study explored the safety of hospital discharge before the return of bowel function. Methods A prospective, multicentre cohort study was undertaken across an international collaborative network. Adult patients undergoing elective colorectal resection between January and April 2018 were included. The main outcome of interest was readmission to hospital within 30 days of surgery. The impact of discharge timing according to the return of bowel function was explored using multivariable regression analysis. Other outcomes were postoperative complications within 30 days of surgery, measured using the Clavien-Dindo classification system. Results A total of 3288 patients were included in the analysis, of whom 301 (9 center dot 2 per cent) were discharged before the return of bowel function. The median duration of hospital stay for patients discharged before and after return of bowel function was 5 (i.q.r. 4-7) and 7 (6-8) days respectively (P < 0 center dot 001). There were no significant differences in rates of readmission between these groups (6 center dot 6 versus 8 center dot 0 per cent; P = 0 center dot 499), and this remained the case after multivariable adjustment for baseline differences (odds ratio 0 center dot 90, 95 per cent c.i. 0 center dot 55 to 1 center dot 46; P = 0 center dot 659). Rates of postoperative complications were also similar in those discharged before versus after return of bowel function (minor: 34 center dot 7 versus 39 center dot 5 per cent; major 3 center dot 3 versus 3 center dot 4 per cent; P = 0 center dot 110). Conclusion Discharge before return of bowel function after elective colorectal surgery appears to be safe in appropriately selected patients