1,561 research outputs found
A Poincar\'e section for the general heavy rigid body
A general recipe is developed for the study of rigid body dynamics in terms
of Poincar\'e surfaces of section. A section condition is chosen which captures
every trajectory on a given energy surface. The possible topological types of
the corresponding surfaces of section are determined, and their 1:1 projection
to a conveniently defined torus is proposed for graphical rendering.Comment: 25 pages, 10 figure
Coherent backscattering of Bose-Einstein condensates in two-dimensional disorder potentials
We study quantum transport of an interacting Bose-Einstein condensate in a
two-dimensional disorder potential. In the limit of vanishing atom-atom
interaction, a sharp cone in the angle-resolved density of the scattered matter
wave is observed, arising from constructive interference between amplitudes
propagating along reversed scattering paths. Weak interaction transforms this
coherent backscattering peak into a pronounced dip, indicating destructive
instead of constructive interference. We reproduce this result, obtained from
the numerical integration of the Gross-Pitaevskii equation, by a diagrammatic
theory of weak localization in presence of a nonlinearity.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure
Structural contacts in subduction complexes and their tectonic significance: the Late Palaeozoic coastal accretionary wedge of central Chile
Understanding the contact between the very low-grade metagreywacke of the Eastern Series and
high-pressure metamorphosed schist of the Western Series in the Late Palaeozoic accretionary wedge of
central Chile is fundamental for the understanding of the evolution of ancient accretionary wedges. We show
the progressive development of structures and finite strain from the least deformed rocks in the eastern part of
the Eastern Series of the accretionary wedge to high-pressure schist of the Western Series at the Pacific coast.
Upright chevron folds of sedimentary layering are associated with an axial-plane foliation, S1. As the F1 folds
became slightly overturned to the west, S1 was folded about west-vergent open F2 folds and an S2 axial-plane
foliation developed. Near the contact between the Western and Eastern Series S2 represents a penetrative
subhorizontal transposition foliation. Towards the structurally deepest units in the west the transposition
foliation becomes progressively flattened. Finite-strain data as obtained by Rf /Ď• analysis in metagreywacke
and X-ray texture goniometry in phyllosilicate-rich rocks show a smooth and gradual increase in strain
magnitude from east to west. Overturned folds and other shear-sense indicators show a uniform top-to-the-west
shear sense in moderately deformed rocks, whereas the shear sense is alternating top-to-the-west and top-tothe-
east in the strongly flattened high-pressure rocks of the Western Series near the Pacific coast. We interpret
the progressive structural and strain evolution across the contact between the two series to reflect a continuous
change in the mode of accretion in the subduction wedge. Initially, the rocks of the Eastern Series were
frontally accreted to the pre-Andean margin before c. 300 Ma. Frontal accretion caused horizontal shortening,
and upright folds and subvertical axial-plane foliations developed. At c. 300 Ma the mode of accretion
changed and the rocks of the Western Series were underplated below the Andean margin. This basal accretion
caused a major change in the flow field within the wedge and gave rise to vertical shortening and the
development of the penetrative subhorizontal transposition foliation. Subsequent differential exhumation was
resolved gradually over a wide region, implying that exhumation was not tectonically controlled.researc
Structural contacts in the Late Paleozoic accretionary wedge of central Chile and their tectonic significance for the evolution of the accretionary complex
The Chilean accretionary wedge is part
of a Late Paleozoic subduction complex
that developed during subduction of the
Pacific plate underneath South America.
The wedge is commonly subdivided
into a structurally lower Western Series
and an upper Eastern Series. Understanding
the contact between both series
has been a long standing problem
and is fundamental for the understanding
of the evolution of the wedge system.
We show the progressive development
of structures and finite strain from
the least-deformed rocks in the eastern
part of the Eastern Series of the accretionary
wedge to higher grade schist of
the Western Series at the Pacific coast...conferenc
Giant valley-isospin conductance oscillations in ballistic graphene
At high magnetic fields the conductance of graphene is governed by the
half-integer quantum Hall effect. By local electrostatic gating a \textit{p-n}
junction perpendicular to the graphene edges can be formed, along which quantum
Hall channels co-propagate. It has been predicted by Tworzid\l{}o and
co-workers that if only the lowest Landau level is filled on both sides of the
junction, the conductance is determined by the valley (isospin) polarization at
the edges and by the width of the flake. This effect remained hidden so far due
to scattering between the channels co-propagating along the \textit{p-n}
interface (equilibration). Here we investigate \textit{p-n} junctions in
encapsulated graphene with a movable \textit{p-n} interface with which we are
able to probe the edge-configuration of graphene flakes. We observe large
quantum conductance oscillations on the order of \si{e^2/h} which solely depend
on the \textit{p-n} junction position providing the first signature of
isospin-defined conductance. Our experiments are underlined by quantum
transport calculations.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figure
Negative Pressure Wound Therapy for the Treatment of the Open Abdomen and Incidence of Enteral Fistulas: A Retrospective Bicentre Analysis
Introduction. The open abdomen (OA) is often associated with complications. It has been hypothesized that negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) in the treatment of OA may provoke enteral fistulas. Therefore, we analyzed patients with OA and NPWT with special regard to the occurrence of intestinal fistulas. Methods. The present study included all consecutive patients with OA treated with NWPT from April 2010 to August 2011 in two hospitals. Patients’ demographics, indications for OA, risk factors, complications, outcome and incidence of fistulas before, during and after NPWT were recorded. Results. Of 81 patients with OA, 26 had pre-existing fistulas and 55 were free from a fistula at the beginning of NPWT. Nine of the 55 patients developed fistulas during () or after NPWT (). Seventy-five patients received ABThera therapy, 6 patients other temporary abdominal closure devices. Only diverticulitis seemed to be a significant predisposing factor for fistulas. Mortality was slightly lower for patients without fistulas. Conclusion. The present study revealed no correlation between occurrence of fistulas before, during, and after NWPT, with diverticulitis being the only risk factor. Fistula formation during NPWT was comparable to reports from literature. Prospective studies are mandatory to clarify the impact of NPWT on fistula formation
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