Análise do jus postulandi sob a ótica do projeto de lei federal nº 33/2013 e o papel da Defensoria Pública da União

Jus Postulandi in the labor process has existed since the creation of the Labor Court in 1941, when, even under the administrative aegis and with little structure, it had remarkable features being fast and informal, besides being free. The intention of the legislator, at the time, was to allow the employee, hyposufficient, to seek their rights in person, without the assistance of a lawyer. At that time, the causes were not as complex as they are today, dealing, for example, with issues such as annotation in the CTPS and vacations. Since the Federal Constitution of 1988, it has been discussed the obligation of the presence of lawyer in the labor cases, since, art. 133 of the Constitution states that such a professional is "indispensable to the administration of justice". With this, in 2013, was presented in the Chamber of Deputies, Bill No. 33, which amends art. 791, of the CLT, forcing the presence of a lawyer in labor proceedings. In addition, it imposes on the Public Defender of the Union the obligation to represent the party that is underweight in the Labor Court. The DPU, therefore, needs to be equipped so that it can absorb such demand, if the end of jus postulandi is effective.O Jus Postulandi no processo do trabalho existe desde a criação da Justiça do Trabalho, em 1941, quando, ainda sob a égide administrativa e com pouca estrutura, tinha por traços marcantes ser célere e informal, além de ser gratuita. O intuito do legislador, à época, era permitir que o empregado, hipossuficiente, buscasse seus direitos pessoalmente, sem a assistência de advogado. Naquele momento, as causas não eram complexas como atualmente, ocupando-se, por exemplo, de questões como anotação na CTPS e férias. Desde a Constituição Federal de 1988, discute-se a obrigatoriedade da presença de advogado nas causas trabalhistas, pois, o art. 133, da Carta Magna diz que tal profissional é “indispensável à administração da justiça”. Com isso, em 2013, foi apresentado na Câmara dos Deputados, o Projeto de Lei nº 33, que altera o art. 791, da CLT, obrigando a presença de advogado nas ações trabalhistas. Ademais, impõe à Defensoria Pública da União a obrigação de representar a parte hipossuficiente na Justiça do Trabalho. A DPU, portanto, precisa ser aparelhada para que possa absorver tal demanda, caso efetive-se o fim do jus postulandi

Virulence factors of the mycobacterium tuberculosis complex

The Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) consists of closely related species that cause tuberculosis in both humans and animals. This illness, still today, remains to be one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality throughout the world. The mycobacteria enter the host by air, and, once in the lungs, are phagocytated by macrophages. This may lead to the rapid elimination of the bacillus or to the triggering of an active tuberculosis infection. A large number of different virulence factors have evolved in MTBC members as a response to the host immune reaction. The aim of this review is to describe the bacterial genes/proteins that are essential for the virulence of MTBC species, and that have been demonstrated in an in vivo model of infection. Knowledge of MTBC virulence factors is essential for the development of new vaccines and drugs to help manage the disease toward an increasingly more tuberculosis-free world. Introduction.Fil: Forrellad, Marina Andrea. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas. Instituto de Biotecnología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Klepp, Laura Ines. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas. Instituto de Biotecnología; ArgentinaFil: Gioffré, Andrea Karina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas. Instituto de Biotecnología; ArgentinaFil: Sabio y García, Julia Verónica. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas. Instituto de Biotecnología; ArgentinaFil: Morbidoni, Héctor Ricardo. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Ciencias Médicas. Cátedra de Microbiología, Parasitología y Virología; ArgentinaFil: Santangelo, María de la Paz. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas. Instituto de Biotecnología; ArgentinaFil: Cataldi, Ángel Adrián. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas. Instituto de Biotecnología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Bigi, Fabiana. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas. Instituto de Biotecnología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin

Draft genome sequence of Mycobacterium bovis 04-303, a highly virulent strain from Argentina

Mycobacterium bovis strain 04-303 was isolated from a wild boar living in a free-ranging field in Argentina. This work reports the draft genome sequence of this highly virulent strain and the genomic comparison of its major virulence-related genes with those of M. bovis strain AF2122/97 and Mycobacterium tuberculosis strain H37Rv.Instituto de BiotecnologíaFil: Nishibe, Christiane. Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul. Faculdade de Computação; BrasilFil: Canevari Castelão, Ana Beatriz. Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência Animal; BrasilFil: Dalla Costa, Ricardo. Life Technologies do Brasil; BrasilFil: Pinto, Beatriz Jeronimo. Life Technologies do Brasil; BrasilFil: Varuzza, Leonardo. Life Technologies do Brasil; BrasilFil: Cataldi, Angel Adrian. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Biotecnología; ArgentinaFil: Bernardelli, Amelia. Ceva Salud Animal; ArgentinaFil: Bigi, Fabiana. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Biotecnología; ArgentinaFil: Blanco, Federico Carlos. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Biotecnología; ArgentinaFil: Zumarraga, Martin Jose. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Biotecnología; ArgentinaFil: Almeida, Nalvo Franco. Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul. Faculdade de Computação; BrasilFil: Araujo, Flabio Ribeiro de. Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (Embrapa). Gado de Corte; Brasi

Impact of the deletion of the six mce operons in Mycobacterium smegmatis

The Mycobacterium smegmatis genome contains six operons designated mce (mammalian cell entry). These operons, which encode membrane and exported proteins, are highly conserved in pathogenic and non-pathogenic mycobacteria. Although the function of the Mce protein family has not yet been established in Mycobacterium smegmatis, the requirement of the mce4 operon for cholesterol utilization and uptake by Mycobacterium tuberculosis has recently been demonstrated. In this study, we report the construction of an M. smegmatis knock-out mutant deficient in the expression of all six mce operons. The consequences of these mutations were studied by analyzing physiological parameters and phenotypic traits. Differences in colony morphology, biofilm formation and aggregation in liquid cultures were observed, indicating that mce operons of M. smegmatis are implicated in the maintenance of the surface properties of the cell. Importantly, the mutant strain showed reduced cholesterol uptake when compared to the parental strain. Further cholesterol uptake studies using single mce mutant strains showed that the mutation of operon mce4 was reponsible for the cholesterol uptake failure detected in the sextuple mce mutant. This finding demonstrates that mce4 operon is involved in cholesterol transport in M. smegmatis.Fil: Klepp, Laura Ines. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. CNIA Castelar. Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Forrellad, Marina Andrea. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. CNIA Castelar. Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Osella, Ana Virginia. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. CNIA Castelar. Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Blanco, Federico Carlos. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. CNIA Castelar. Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Stella, Emma Julieta. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas; ArgentinaFil: Bianco, María Verónica. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. CNIA Castelar. Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas; ArgentinaFil: Santangelo, María de la Paz. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. CNIA Castelar. Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas; ArgentinaFil: Sassetti, Cristopher. Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Estados UnidosFil: Jackson, Mary. State University of Colorado - Fort Collins; Estados UnidosFil: Cataldi, Ángel Adrián. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. CNIA Castelar. Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Bigi, Fabiana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. CNIA Castelar. Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas; ArgentinaFil: Morbidoni, Héctor Ricardo. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin

O envelhecimento saudável no contexto da estratégia da saúde da família: uma revisão de literatura / Healthy aging in the context of the family health strategy: a literature review

INTRODUÇÃO: O envelhecimento populacional mundial e brasileiro aponta para transição demográfica, a qual gerou demandas de cuidado ao idoso em diferentes contextos sociais e em todos os níveis de atenção à saúde. Nesse sentido, a Atenção Primária à Saúde, por meio da Estratégia de Saúde da Família, tem papel e atribuições que possibilitam o envelhecimento ativo e saudável. OBJETIVO: Identificar as publicações científicas acerca do envelhecimento saudável no contexto da Estratégia da Saúde da Família. METODOLOGIA: Revisão Narrativa de Literatura realizada na Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde, nas bases de dados, Literatura Latino Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde Sistema Online de Busca e Análise de Literatura Médica  e Base de Dados da Enfermagem , por meio dos descritores “envelhecimento saudável” and“ estratégia de saúde da família”. Os critérios de inclusão foram artigos disponíveis online, na íntegra, gratuitos, no idioma português, e os critérios de exclusão foram: dissertações, teses e estudos que não responderam à questão de pesquisa. RESULTADOS E DISCUSSÃO: Foram encontrados 42 estudos, sendo selecionados dezessete para leitura de títulos e resumos. Fazem parte desse estudo, oito artigos, os quais originaram as categorias temáticas: A Manutenção da Capacidade Funcional do idoso: essencial para um Envelhecimento Saudável e a Estratégia de Saúde da Família na promoção da qualidade de vida do idoso. Ambas as categorias, destacam a importância do envelhecimento saudável. CONCLUSÃO: Conclui-se que as equipes de Saúde da Família têm papel fundamental no cuidado e na promoção da saúde dos idosos, de forma que os mesmos vivenciem o envelhecimento saudável, com autonomia e independência

Measurement of the cosmic ray spectrum above 4×10184{\times}10^{18} eV using inclined events detected with the Pierre Auger Observatory

A measurement of the cosmic-ray spectrum for energies exceeding $4{\times}10^{18}$ eV is presented, which is based on the analysis of showers with zenith angles greater than $60^{\circ}$ detected with the Pierre Auger Observatory between 1 January 2004 and 31 December 2013. The measured spectrum confirms a flux suppression at the highest energies. Above $5.3{\times}10^{18}$ eV, the "ankle", the flux can be described by a power law $E^{-\gamma}$ with index $\gamma=2.70 \pm 0.02 \,\text{(stat)} \pm 0.1\,\text{(sys)}$ followed by a smooth suppression region. For the energy ($E_\text{s}$) at which the spectral flux has fallen to one-half of its extrapolated value in the absence of suppression, we find $E_\text{s}=(5.12\pm0.25\,\text{(stat)}^{+1.0}_{-1.2}\,\text{(sys)}){\times}10^{19}$ eV.Comment: Replaced with published version. Added journal reference and DO

Energy Estimation of Cosmic Rays with the Engineering Radio Array of the Pierre Auger Observatory

The Auger Engineering Radio Array (AERA) is part of the Pierre Auger Observatory and is used to detect the radio emission of cosmic-ray air showers. These observations are compared to the data of the surface detector stations of the Observatory, which provide well-calibrated information on the cosmic-ray energies and arrival directions. The response of the radio stations in the 30 to 80 MHz regime has been thoroughly calibrated to enable the reconstruction of the incoming electric field. For the latter, the energy deposit per area is determined from the radio pulses at each observer position and is interpolated using a two-dimensional function that takes into account signal asymmetries due to interference between the geomagnetic and charge-excess emission components. The spatial integral over the signal distribution gives a direct measurement of the energy transferred from the primary cosmic ray into radio emission in the AERA frequency range. We measure 15.8 MeV of radiation energy for a 1 EeV air shower arriving perpendicularly to the geomagnetic field. This radiation energy -- corrected for geometrical effects -- is used as a cosmic-ray energy estimator. Performing an absolute energy calibration against the surface-detector information, we observe that this radio-energy estimator scales quadratically with the cosmic-ray energy as expected for coherent emission. We find an energy resolution of the radio reconstruction of 22% for the data set and 17% for a high-quality subset containing only events with at least five radio stations with signal.Comment: Replaced with published version. Added journal reference and DO

Measurement of the Radiation Energy in the Radio Signal of Extensive Air Showers as a Universal Estimator of Cosmic-Ray Energy

We measure the energy emitted by extensive air showers in the form of radio emission in the frequency range from 30 to 80 MHz. Exploiting the accurate energy scale of the Pierre Auger Observatory, we obtain a radiation energy of 15.8 \pm 0.7 (stat) \pm 6.7 (sys) MeV for cosmic rays with an energy of 1 EeV arriving perpendicularly to a geomagnetic field of 0.24 G, scaling quadratically with the cosmic-ray energy. A comparison with predictions from state-of-the-art first-principle calculations shows agreement with our measurement. The radiation energy provides direct access to the calorimetric energy in the electromagnetic cascade of extensive air showers. Comparison with our result thus allows the direct calibration of any cosmic-ray radio detector against the well-established energy scale of the Pierre Auger Observatory.Comment: Replaced with published version. Added journal reference and DOI. Supplemental material in the ancillary file