Motivations and experiences of women for choosing a planned home birth. A narrative review

Trabajo fin de grado en EnfermeríaObjetivo: conocer las experiencias y motivaciones de las mujeres para elegir un parto planificado asistido en domicilio. Material y método: se ha llevado a cabo una búsqueda bibliográfica en las bases de datos PubMed, SciELO, Cinahl Complete, Cochrane Library, Cuiden y Scopus, en inglés y español, mediante una estrategia de búsqueda en lenguaje libre y controlado que contemplaba las palabras clave: “mujeres”, “parto domiciliario”, “parto”, “motivaciones”, “razones”, “decisión”, “embarazas”, “motivation”, “home childbirth”, “choice behaviour”, “decision making”, “pregnant women”, “mothers”, “women motivation”, “experience”, “satisfaction”, “home birth”, “home delivery”, “mothers”, “motherhood”, “maternal”; combinándolas con operadores booleanos AND y OR. Los límites temporales se establecieron entre 2013-2023. Resultados: Se seleccionaron 17 documentos (14 de la búsqueda bibliográfica y 3 de la bibliografía de diferentes publicaciones), estableciéndose 6 unidades de análisis: concepción y significación del parto, rol de la mujer gestante, acompañamiento durante el embarazo y parto, visión de la asistencia hospitalaria, entorno del parto y barreras para la elección del parto planificado en domicilio. Conclusiones: Se han encontrado motivaciones similares entre las mujeres nulíparas y multíparas en diferentes lugares del mundo: concepción del parto como proceso fisiológico, desarrollo de un rol autónomo, presencia de personas significativas, continuidad de cuidados con una matrona de referencia, huida del entorno hospitalario por la filosofía de cuidados y elección del domicilio como entorno familiar y de confianza. Así mismo, las mujeres y sus parejas relatan dificultades en el proceso de decisión del lugar del parto, por el estigma presente en personas de su círculo cercano como en profesionales de salud.Objective: the aim of this narrative overview is to know the experience and motivations of women for choosing a planned home birth. Methodology: a bibliographic search was carried out in the PubMed, SciELO, Cinahl Complete, Cochrane Library, Cuiden and Scopus databases in English and Spanish using free and controlled language strategy that contemplated the keywords: “mujeres”, “parto domiciliario”, “parto”, “motivaciones”, “razones”, “decisión”, “embarazas”, “motivation”, “home childbirth”, “choice behaviour”, “decision making”, “pregnant women”, “mothers”, “women motivation”, “experience”, “satisfaction”, “home birth”, “home delivery”, “mothers”, “motherhood”, “maternal”; combining them using the Boolean operators AND and OR. The time limits were established between 2013 and 2023. Main results: 17 documents were selected (14 from the literature and 3 from the bibliography of different publications), establishing 6 analysis units: conception and significance of childbirth, role of the pregnant woman, accompaniment during pregnancy and childbirth, vision of hospital care, delivery environment and barriers to the choice of planned delivery at home. Conclusions: Similar motivations have been found among nulliparous and multiparous women in different parts of the world: conception of childbirth as a physiological process, development of an autonomous role, presence of significant people, continuity of care with a reference midwife, flight from the hospital environment due to philosophy of care and choice of home as a familiar and trustworthy environment. Likewise, women and their partners report difficulties in the process of deciding the place of delivery, due to the stigma present in people in their close circle as well as in health professionals

Impact of alternative splicing on mechanisms of resistance to anticancer drugs

This study was funded by the CIBERehd (EHD15PI05/2016) and "Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III", Spain (PI16/00598 and PI19/00819, co-funded by European Regional Development Fund/European Social Fund, "Investing in your future"); Spanish Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness (SAF201675197-R, SAF2017-88457-R, AGL2017-85270-R); "Junta de Castilla y Leon" (SA063P17); "Junta de Andalucia (CTS235, CTS164); AECC Scientific Foundation (2017/2020), Spain; "Proyectos de Investigacion. Modalidad C2", University of Salamanca (18.K137/463AC01 and 18. K140/463AC01); "Centro Internacional sobre el Envejecimiento" (OLDHEPAMARKER, 0348_CIE_6_E), Spain and Fundacion University of Salamanca, Spain (PC-TCUE18-20_051); Fundacio Marato TV3 (Ref. 201916-31). M.R. was supported by a predoctoral scholarships (FPU) funded by the Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities, Spain.A shared characteristic of many tumors is the lack of response to anticancer drugs. Multiple mechanisms of pharmacoresistance (MPRs) are involved in permitting cancer cells to overcome the effect of these agents. Pharmacoresistance can be primary (intrinsic) or secondary (acquired), i.e., triggered or enhanced in response to the treatment. Moreover, MPRs usually result in the lack of sensitivity to several agents, which accounts for diverse multidrug-resistant (MDR) phenotypes. MPRs are based on the dynamic expression of more than one hundred genes, constituting the so-called resistome. Alternative splicing (AS) during pre-mRNA maturation results in changes affecting proteins involved in the resistome. The resulting splicing variants (SVs) reduce the efficacy of anticancer drugs by lowering the intracellular levels of active agents, altering molecular targets, enhancing both DNA repair ability and defensive mechanism of tumors, inducing changes in the balance between pro-survival and pro-apoptosis signals, modifying interactions with the tumor microenvironment, and favoring malignant phenotypic transitions. Reasons accounting for cancer-associated aberrant splicing include mutations that create or disrupt splicing sites or splicing enhancers or silencers, abnormal expression of splicing factors, and impaired signaling pathways affecting the activity of the splicing machinery. Here we have reviewed the impact of AS on MPR in cancer cells.CIBERehd EHD15PI05/2016Instituto de Salud Carlos III PI16/00598 PI19/00819European Regional Development Fund/European Social Fund, "Investing in your future"Spanish Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness SAF201675197-R SAF2017-88457-R AGL2017-85270-RJunta de Castilla y Leon SA063P17Junta de Andalucia CTS235 CTS164AECC Scientific Foundation, SpainUniversity of Salamanca 18.K137/463AC01 18. K140/463AC01"Centro Internacional sobre el Envejecimiento" (OLDHEPAMARKER), Spain 0348_CIE_6_EFundacion University of Salamanca, Spain PC-TCUE18-20_051Fundacio Marato TV3 201916-31Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities, Spai

Varroa destructor, parásito de Apis mellifera

El agente productor de la varroosis, Varroa destructor, es un importante ácaro ectoparásito de las abejas. Aunque su origen es asiático e inicialmente se adaptó a Apis cerana, en la actualidad parasita a la abeja de la miel, Apis mellifera, que es la principal especie polinizadora. Este ácaro presenta una distribución mundial constituyendo la mayor amenaza hoy en día para la apicultura. Es considerado en parte culpable de las pérdidas de colmenas que periódicamente se producen en Europa y Estados Unidos. En climas templados, si no se aplicaran tratamientos periódicos, la mayoría de las colonias de abejas colapsarían en un período de 2-3 años. Sin embargo, estos tratamientos constituyen un elevado coste para apicultores favoreciendo el riesgo de depósito de residuos químicos en los productos de la colmena y el desarrollo de resistencias.Es necesaria la investigación acerca de la biología y la patología producida por dicho ácaro, junto con la innovación en nuevos métodos de diagnóstico, control y tratamiento.En el presente Trabajo de Fin de Grado se realiza una revisión bibliográfica con el fin de profundizar y actualizar los conocimientos de los principales campos de investigación de Varroa destructor.Lo más llamativo de la revisión se resume en que V. destructor es actualmente la principal amenaza para la apicultura. Afecta tanto a las abejas adultas como a sus crías, reproduciéndose en estas últimas. Actúa como vector de varios virus de abejas que incrementan los daños. Estos daños afectan a la colonia en su totalidad. La realización de un correcto diagnóstico de la enfermedad es esencial para el control y tratamiento de la misma. Los tratamientos más usados son los acaricidas sintéticos y las sustancias naturales.<br /

Vía aérea difícil imprevista, evitable ¿Qué podemos hacer para mejorar? Primeros resultados de la encuesta. Buscando soluciones (1ª parte).

Background: The prediction of a difficult airway is the first step to establish a clinical safety strategie to follow in its approach. Among predictors available for the recognition of a difficult airway (DA), DA background is one of the most relevant. To prevent future episodes of DA, it´s necessary to record and document previous events, and  also activate effective ways to transmite the DA information. Method A prospective, cross-sectional study was performed, including specialists in anesthesiology and reanimation. It was subdivided into three sections: 1. Standardized airway registration, 2. DA definition, and 3. Documentation of a DA. In this article, we present the results of the DA documentation section following the 2013 ASA Guidelines recommendations.  Antecedente: La predicción de dificultad en la vía aérea constituye el primer paso y la base para establecer las estrategias de seguridad clínica a seguir en su abordaje.  Dentro de los predictores disponibles para el reconocimiento de una vía aérea difícil (VAD),  el antecedente de VAD es uno de los más importantes. Para que ese antecedente de VAD llegue a un futuro episodio es necesario realizar un buen registro y documentación de la dificultad en la vía aérea y además que se activen las vías de transmisión de la información de una VAD de manera eficaz. Método: Para tratar de averiguar la magnitud real del problema de la transmisión crítica de la vía aérea, a nivel nacional, se planteó un estudio tipo encuesta transversal, prospectiva, dirigida a Especialistas de Anestesiología y Reanimación. La encuesta subdivide el problema expuesto en tres apartados: 1.registro estandarizado de la vía aérea, 2.concepto de VAD y 3.documentación de una VAD. En este artículo presentamos los resultados de la encuesta en el apartado de la documentación de una VAD siguiendo como referente las recomendaciones de la ASA de 2013 a ese respecto

Angiogenesis inhibitor or aggressiveness marker? The function of endostatin in cancer through electrochemical biosensing

This work reports the first electrochemical bioplatform developed for the determination of human endostatin (HE), a biomarker with recognized antiangiogenic potential whose elevated circulating levels have also been associated with the development of aggressive cancers. The developed electroanalytical biotool combines the benefits of using magnetic microparticles for the implementation of sandwich immunoassays and amperometric transduction on disposable carbon electrodes. A limit of detection (LOD) of 34.1 pg mL-1 for HE standards and a selectivity suitable for its foray into the clinical oncology area, are demonstrated. The determination of HE in clinical samples such as lysates and secretomes of colorectal cancer (CRC) cells, plasma, and tissue samples from patients with CRC in different stages, has been faced with satisfactory results showing the ability for discriminating the metastatic capabilities of cells and for identifying and staging CRC patients. The developed bioplatform allows precise quantitative determinations, requiring minimal pre-treatments and sample amounts in only 75 min. In addition, due to the instrumentation and the type of substrates used in the detection step, the biotool is compatible with implementation in multiplexed and/or point-of-need devices, features in which this bioplatform is advantageous with respect to the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) or immunoblotting technologies.The financial support of PID2019-103899RB-I00 (Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación) Research Project and PI20CIII/00019 Grant from the AES-ISCIII Program co-founded by FEDER funds and the TRANSNANOAVANSENS-CM Program from the Comunidad de Madrid (Grant S2018/NMT-4349) are gratefully acknowledged. M.G-A. acknowledges the postdoctoral contract Margarita Salas for the requalification of the Spanish University System. A.M-C. was supported by a FPU predoctoral contract supported by the Spanish Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte. S.T.M. acknowledges a predoctoral contract from the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (PRE2020-092859).S

Desarrollo de herramientas docentes y materiales prácticos para la enseñanza virtual de asignaturas de Fisiología Humana para alumnos de Grado y Máster

Memoria ID-139. Ayudas de la Universidad de Salamanca para la innovación docente, curso 2020-2021

Implementación de la metodología flipped classroom en los laboratorios de Química Analítica

Adaptar el sistema tradicional de aprendizaje a las necesidades actuales del alumnado empleando la metodología flipped classroom en el laboratorio de Química Analítica I, con el objetivo de fomentar el aprendizaje utilizando herramientas digitales.Depto. de Química AnalíticaFac. de Ciencias QuímicasFALSEsubmitte

Tutorización Británica para química orgánica III. Del minigrupo al grupo

Memoria ID12-0171. Ayudas de la Universidad de Salamanca para la innovación docente, curso 2012-2013

Linezolid for infective endocarditis. A structured approach based on a national database experience

Current data on the frequency and efficacy of linezolid (LNZ) in infective endocarditis (IE) are based on small retrospective series. We used a national database to evaluate the effectiveness of LNZ in IE. This is a retrospective study of IE patients in the Spanish GAMES database who received LNZ. We defined 3 levels of therapeutic impact: LNZ 50% of the total treatment, and > 50% of the LNZ doses prescribed in the first weeks of treatment), and LNZ ? 7 days not fulfilling the high-impact criteria (LNZ-NHI). Effectiveness of LNZ was assessed using propensity score matching and multivariate analysis of high-impact cases in comparison to patients not treated with LNZ from the GAMES database matched for age-adjusted comorbidity Charlson index, heart failure, renal failure, prosthetic and intracardiac IE device, left-sided IE, and Staphylococcus aureus. Primary outcomes were in-hospital mortality and one-year mortality. Secondary outcomes included IE complications and relapses

Disposable Amperometric Polymerase Chain Reaction-Free Biosensor for Direct Detection of Adulteration with Horsemeat in Raw Lysates Targeting Mitochondrial DNA

A novel electrochemical disposable nucleic acid biosensor for simple, rapid, and specific detection of adulterations with horsemeat is reported in this work. The biosensing platform involves immobilization of a 40-mer RNA probe specific for a characteristic fragment of the mitochondrial DNA D-loop region of horse onto the surface of magnetic microcarriers. In addition, signal amplification was accomplished by using a commercial antibody specific to RNA/ DNA duplexes and a bacterial protein conjugated with a horseradish peroxidase homopolymer (ProtA-HRP40). Amperometric detection at −0.20 V vs Ag pseudoreference electrode was carried out at disposable screen-printed carbon electrodes. The methodology achieved a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.12 pM (3.0 attomoles) for the synthetic target and showed ability to discriminate between raw beef and horsemeat using just 50 ng of total extracted mitochondrial DNA (∼16 660 bp in length) without previous fragmentation. The biosensor also allowed discrimination between 100% raw beef and beef meat samples spiked with only 0.5% (w/w) horse meat (levels established by the European Commission) using raw mitochondrial lysates without DNA extraction or polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification in just 75 min. These interesting features made the developed methodology an extremely interesting tool for beef meat screening, and it can be easily adapted to the determination of other meat adulterations by selection of the appropriate specific fragments of the mitochondrial DNA region and capture probes