Scientific publications and presentations relating to planetary quarantine. Volume 5: The 1971 supplement

A bibliographic compilation, with approximately 200 listings, on planetary quarantine is presented. Also given are scientific publications, and presentations along with an author index

Targeting CXCR4 in AML and ALL

The interaction of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) blasts with the bone marrow microenvironment regulates self-renewal, growth signaling, as well as chemotherapy resistance. The chemokine receptor, CXC receptor 4 (CXCR4), with its ligand chemokine ligand 12 (CXCL12), plays a key role in the survival and migration of normal and malignant stem cells to the bone marrow. High expression of CXCR4 on AML and ALL blasts has been shown to be a predictor of poor prognosis for these diseases. Several small molecule inhibitors, short peptides, antibodies, and antibody drug conjugates have been developed for the purposes of more effective targeting and killing of malignant cells expressing CXCR4. In this review we will discuss recent results and strategies in targeting CXCR4 with these agents in patients with AML or ALL

Mobilized peripheral blood: An updated perspective

Enforced egress of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) out of the bone marrow (BM) into the peripheral circulation, termed mobilization, has come a long way since its discovery over four decades ago. Mobilization research continues to be driven by the need to optimize the regimen currently available in the clinic with regard to pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profile, costs, and donor convenience. In this review, we describe the most recent findings in the field and how we anticipate them to affect the development of mobilization strategies in the future. Furthermore, the significance of mobilization beyond HSC collection, i.e. for chemosensitization, conditioning, and gene therapy as well as a means to study the interactions between HSCs and their BM microenvironment, is reviewed. Open questions, controversies, and the potential impact of recent technical progress on mobilization research are also highlighted

Innovations in hematopoietic stem-cell mobilization: A review of the novel CXCR4 inhibitor motixafortide

Hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation (HCT) and stem-cell-based gene therapies rely on the ability to collect sufficient CD34+ hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs), typicall

Development of VLA4 and CXCR4 antagonists for the mobilization of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells

The treatment of patients diagnosed with hematologic malignancies typically includes hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) as part of a therapeutic standard of care. The primary graft source of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) for HSCT is mobilized from the bone marrow into the peripheral blood of allogeneic donors or patients. More recently, these mobilized HSPCs have also been the source for gene editing strategies to treat diseases such as sickle-cell anemia. For a HSCT to be successful, it requires the infusion of a sufficient number of HSPCs that are capable of adequate homing to the bone marrow niche and the subsequent regeneration of stable trilineage hematopoiesis in a timely manner. Granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) is currently the most frequently used agent for HSPC mobilization. However, it requires five or more daily infusions to produce an adequate number of HSPCs and the use of G-CSF alone often results in suboptimal stem cell yields in a significant number of patients. Furthermore, there are several undesirable side effects associated with G-CSF, and it is contraindicated for use in sickle-cell anemia patients, where it has been linked to serious vaso-occlusive and thrombotic events. The chemokine receptor CXCR4 and the cell surface integrin α4β1 (very late antigen 4 (VLA4)) are both involved in the homing and retention of HSPCs within the bone marrow microenvironment. Preclinical and/or clinical studies have shown that targeted disruption of the interaction of the CXCR4 or VLA4 receptors with their endogenous ligands within the bone marrow niche results in the rapid and reversible mobilization of HSPCs into the peripheral circulation and is synergistic when combined with G-CSF. In this review, we discuss the roles CXCR4 and VLA4 play in bone marrow homing and retention and will summarize more recent development of small-molecule CXCR4 and VLA4 inhibitors that, when combined, can synergistically improve the magnitude, quality and convenience of HSPC mobilization for stem cell transplantation and ex vivo gene therapy after the administration of just a single dose. This optimized regimen has the potential to afford a superior alternative to G-CSF for HSPC mobilization

Автоматизированный контроль контуров регулирования нефтехимического производства

Объектом исследования является модель технологического процесса переработки сырой нефти разработанная в Honeywell UniSim design suite. Целью магистерской диссертации является разработка и исследование автоматизированной системы мониторинга ключевых показателей эффективности контуров автоматического регулирования нефтехимического производства. В работе представлены: анализ методов мониторинга контуров управления, анализ влияния контуров управления на технологический процесс, разработка интерфейса вывода технологических параметров, разработка системы мониторинга технологического процесса на языке программирования C#, построение контрольных карт Шухарта с автоматическим анализом данных.The object of research is a model of the technological process of crude oil refining developed in the Honeywell UniSim design suite. The aim of the master's thesis is to develop and study an automated system for monitoring key performance indicators of the loopd of automatic regulation of petrochemical production. This work presents: an analysis of methods for monitoring control loops, an analysis of the influence of control loops on a technological process, the development of an interface for outputting technological parameters, the development of a process monitoring system in the C # programming language, the construction of Shewhart control charts with automatic data analysis

Suicide genes: Monitoring cells in patients with a safety switch

Clinical trials increasingly incorporate suicide genes either as direct lytic agents for tumors or as safety switches in therapies based on genetically modified cells. Suicide genes can also be used as non-invasive reporters to monitor the biological consequences of administering genetically modified cells to patients and gather information relevant to patient safety. These genes can monitor therapeutic outcomes addressable by early clinical intervention. As an example, our recent clinical trial used 18F-9-(4-fluoro-3-hydroxymethylbutyl)guanine (18FHBG) and PET/CT scans to follow T cells transduced with herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (TK) after administration to patients. Guided by preclinical data we ultimately hope to discern whether a particular pattern of transduced T cell migration within patients reflects early development of Graft vs. Host Disease (GvHD). Current difficulties in terms of choice of suicide gene, biodistribution of radiolabeled tracers in humans versus animal models, and threshold levels of genetically modified cells needed for detection by PET/CT are discussed. As alternative suicide genes are developed, additional radiolabel probes suitable for imaging in patients should be considered

Transmit simulation and receive optimizations for 802.11b networks

Thesis (M.Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2002.Includes bibliographical references (p. 72-73).This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.The simulation presented in this paper provides an implementation of a full simulated transmit chain from packet encoding through base band modulation for the 802.11b wireless networking standard. This forward transmit chain is coupled with a physical channel simulation that can introduce a number of different channel effects to simulate interference caused in the real world. Packets which the transmit simulation produces can be sent to a receive simulation to test design parameters or can be modulated and sent to 802.11b hardware to test hardware implementation. Using former procedure, this paper also evaluates implementations of a Phase lock loop used to track Frequency Doppler and a Time Tracking Loop used to track Code Doppler under various Signal to Noise levels. The results from these simulations can be used to optimize various receive parameters and algorithms.by Pascal F. Rettig.M.Eng