45 research outputs found
A critical look at the role of the bare parameters in the renormalization of Phi-derivable approximations
We revisit the renormalization of Phi-derivable approximations from a
slightly different point of view than the one which is usually followed in
previous works. We pay particular attention to the question of the existence of
a solution to the self-consistent equation that defines the two-point function
in the Cornwall-Jackiw-Tomboulis formalism and to the fact that some of the
ultraviolet divergences which appear if one formally expands the solution in
powers of the bare coupling do not always appear as divergences at the level of
the solution itself. We discuss these issues using a particular truncation of
the Phi functional, namely the simplest truncation which brings non-trivial
momentum and field dependence to the two-point function.Comment: 30 pages, 12 figure
Deconfinement transition in SU(N) theories from perturbation theory
We consider a simple massive extension of the Landau-DeWitt gauge for SU()
Yang-Mills theory. We compute the corresponding one-loop effective potential
for a temporal background gluon field at finite temperature. At this order the
background field is simply related to the Polyakov loop, the order parameter of
the deconfinement transition. Our perturbative calculation correctly describes
a quark confining phase at low temperature and a phase transition of second
order for and weakly first order for . Our estimates for the
transition temperatures are in qualitative agreement with values from lattice
simulations or from other continuum approaches. Finally, we discuss the
effective gluon mass parameter in relation to the Gribov ambiguities of the
Landau-DeWitt gauge.Comment: 10 pages, 3 figure
Two-loop study of the deconfinement transition in Yang-Mills theories: SU(3) and beyond
We study the confinement-deconfinement phase transition of pure Yang-Mills
theories at finite temperature using a simple massive extension of standard
background field methods. We generalize our recent next-to-leading-order
perturbative calculation of the Polyakov loop and of the related background
field effective potential for the SU(2) theory to any compact and connex Lie
group with a simple Lie algebra. We discuss in detail the SU(3) theory, where
the two-loop corrections yield improved values for the first-order transition
temperature as compared to the one-loop result. We also show that certain
one-loop artifacts of thermodynamical observables disappear at two-loop order,
as was already the case for the SU(2) theory. In particular, the entropy and
the pressure are positive for all temperatures. Finally, we discuss the groups
SU(4) and Sp(2) which shed interesting light, respectively, on the relation
between the (de)confinement of static matter sources in the various
representations of the gauge group and on the use of the background field
itself as an order parameter for confinement. In both cases, we obtain
first-order transitions, in agreement with lattice simulations and other
continuum approaches.Comment: 35 pages, 20 figure
Yang-Mills correlators at finite temperature: A perturbative perspective
We consider the two-point correlators of Yang-Mills theories at finite
temperature in the Landau gauge. We employ a model for the corresponding
Yang-Mills correlators based on the inclusion of an effective mass term for
gluons. The latter is expected to have its origin in the existence of Gribov
copies. One-loop calculations at zero temperature have been shown to agree
remarkably well with the corresponding lattice data. We extend on this and
perform a one-loop calculation of the Matsubara gluon and ghost two-point
correlators at finite temperature. We show that, as in the vacuum, an effective
gluon mass accurately captures the dominant infrared physics for the magnetic
gluon and ghost propagators. It also reproduces the gross qualitative features
of the electric gluon propagator. In particular, we find a slight nonmonotonous
behavior of the Debye mass as a function of temperature, however not as
pronounced as in existing lattice results. A more quantitative description of
the electric sector near the deconfinement phase transition certainly requires
another physical ingredient sensitive to the order parameter of the transition.Comment: 16 pages, 12 figures ; Published version (PRD
Yang-Mills correlators across the deconfinement phase transition
We compute the finite temperature ghost and gluon propagators of Yang-Mills
theory in the Landau-DeWitt gauge. The background field that enters the
definition of the latter is intimately related with the (gauge-invariant)
Polyakov loop and serves as an equivalent order parameter for the deconfinement
transition. We use an effective gauge-fixed description where the
nonperturbative infrared dynamics of the theory is parametrized by a gluon mass
which, as argued elsewhere, may originate from the Gribov ambiguity. In this
scheme, one can perform consistent perturbative calculations down to infrared
momenta, which have been shown to correctly describe the phase diagram of
Yang-Mills theories in four dimensions as well as the zero-temperature
correlators computed in lattice simulations. In this article, we provide the
one-loop expressions of the finite temperature Landau-DeWitt ghost and gluon
propagators for a large class of gauge groups and present explicit results for
the SU(2) case. These are substantially different from those previously
obtained in the Landau gauge, which corresponds to a vanishing background
field. The nonanalyticity of the order parameter across the transition is
directly imprinted onto the propagators in the various color modes. In the
SU(2) case, this leads, for instance, to a cusp in the electric and magnetic
gluon susceptibilities as well as similar signatures in the ghost sector. We
mention the possibility that such distinctive features of the transition could
be measured in lattice simulations in the background field gauge studied here.Comment: 28 pages, 17 figures; published versio
Two-particle irreducible effective action approach to nonlinear current conserving approximations in driven systems
Using closed-time path two-particle irreducible coarse-grained effective
action (CTP 2PI CGEA) techniques, we study the response of an open interacting
electronic system to time-dependent external electromagnetic fields. We show
that the CTP 2PI CGEA is invariant under a simultaneous gauge transformation of
the external field and the full Schwinger-Keldysh propagator, and that this
property holds even when the loop expansion of the CTP 2PI CGEA is truncated at
arbitrary order. The effective action approach provides a systematic way of
calculating the propagator and response functions of the system, via the
Schwinger-Dyson equation and the Bethe-Salpeter equations, respectively. We
show that, due to the invariance of the CTP 2PI CGEA under external gauge
transformations, the response functions calculated from it satisfy the
Ward-Takahashi hierarchy, thus warranting the conservation of the electronic
current beyond the expectation value level. We also clarify the connection
between nonlinear response theory and the WT hierarchy, and discuss an example
of an ad hoc approximation that violate it. These findings may be useful in the
study of current fluctuations in correlated electronic pumping devices.Comment: 30 pages. Accepted for publication in JPC
Estudio experimental y numérico de uniones con angulares ejecutadas con perfiles europeos
In this paper, four specimens with different thickness of top and seat angle with double web angle connections are experimentally tested and numerically modeled. The model has been solved by means of Abaqus® finite element package. Moment rotation curves obtained from the experiments are compared with those obtained from FE models and good agreement is observed. These results validate this numerical modeling in order to use it in future studies on angle connections.En este artículo se presenta el ensayo experimental y el modelo numérico de cuatro uniones de estructura metálica realizadas con casquillos angulares de diferentes espesores. El problema se ha resuelto mediante el programa comercial de elementos finitos Abaqus®. Las curvas experimentales momento-rotación obtenidas concuerdan razonablemente con los resultados de los modelos propuestos, de modo que con este trabajo se ha establecido una base numérica sólida para estudios posteriores
Equilibration in phi^4 theory in 3+1 dimensions
The process of equilibration in phi^4 theory is investigated for a
homogeneous system in 3+1 dimensions and a variety of out-of-equilibrium
initial conditions, both in the symmetric and broken phase, by means of the 2PI
effective action. Two Phi-derivable approximations including scattering effects
are used: the two-loop and the ``basketball'', the latter corresponding to the
truncation of the 2PI effective action at O(lambda^2). The approach to
equilibrium, as well as the kinetic and chemical equilibration is investigated.Comment: 32 pages, 14 figures, uses axodraw, minor corrections adde
Experimental and numerical study of angle connections assembled with European profiles
In this paper, four specimens with different thickness of top and seat angle with double web angle connections are experimentally tested and numerically modeled. The model has been solved by means of Abaqus® finite element package. Moment rotation curves obtained from the experiments are compared with those obtained from FE models and good agreement is observed. These results validate this numerical modeling in order to use it in future studies on angle connections.<br><br>En este artículo se presenta el ensayo experimental y el modelo numérico de cuatro uniones de estructura metálica realizadas con casquillos angulares de diferentes espesores. El problema se ha resuelto mediante el programa comercial de elementos finitos Abaqus®. Las curvas experimentales momento-rotación obtenidas concuerdan razonablemente con los resultados de los modelos propuestos, de modo que con este trabajo se ha establecido una base numérica sólida para estudios posteriores
Experiencia de introducción de un trabajo tutelado en 2º curso de una ingeniería
Colección: Contextos Universitarios Transformadores (CUT). Número 7[Resumen] Este artículo trata sobre la experiencia de introducción de un trabajo tutelado en la asignatura Resistencia de Materiales, caracterizada por ser una asignatura base de 2º curso de la mayoría de ingenierías, normalmente asociada a una matrícula numerosa y que siempre se había evaluado en base al examen final de la asignatura. Por requerimientos debidos a la modificación de las metodologías de evaluación de las titulaciones de Grado en Ingeniería Mecánica y Grado en Tecnologías Industriales, se decidió incluir un trabajo tutelado individual en la asignatura. Las ideas esenciales de partida eran dotarlo del peso necesario acorde con el porcentaje asociado en la evaluación y generar trabajos específicos para cada alumno. Se buscaba una propuesta en un formato adecuado para facilitar la corrección, habida cuenta de que había de entregarse en fechas muy próximas al periodo de evaluación. El proceso se desarrolló muy fácilmente, con una corrección relativamente ágil. La mayoría de los alumnos resolvieron satisfactoriamente, detectándose cierta precariedad a la hora de redactar las conclusiones y discutir los resultados obtenidos.[Abstract] This paper deals with the experience of introducing a supervised work in the subject Resistencia de Materiales, characterized by being a base subject of the 2nd year of most engineering, normally associated with a large enrollment and that had always been evaluated based on a final exam. Due to the modification of the evaluation methodologies of the Degree in Mechanical Engineering and Degree in Industrial Technologies, it was decided to include an individual supervised coursework in the subject. The essential starting ideas were to give it the necessary weight according to the percentage assigned in the evaluation and also to generate an specific work for each student. A proposal was sought in an appropriate format to facilitate the correction, given that it had to be delivered on dates very close to the evaluation period. The process went very smoothly, with relatively quick proofreading. Most of the students resolved satisfactorily, detecting a certain precariousness when writing the conclusions and discussing the results obtained.http://hdl.handle.net/2183/3249