Tutorització de pràctiques del CAP. Dues experiències: "Fem formatge" i "Netegem l'aigua"

L'autora presenta dues experiències, "Fem formatge" i "Netegem l'aigua", que va dur a terme amb dos alumnes del CAP en dos cursos diferents. La tria d'activitats es va fer a partir de les titulacions acadèmiques i de l'experiència professional d'aquests alumnes: en aquest cas, un enginyer agrònom i una enginyera química. D'aquesta manera hom pretenia que el intercanvi de coneixements resultés ben profitós per tots els agents educatius: tutora, alumne de CAP i alumnes del centre

Química del dolor: les morfines del cervell

La transcendència científica i humana de les molècules que regulen el dolor en el nostre organism

Sustainability performance assessment with intuitionistic fuzzy composite metrics and its application to the motor industry

The performance assessment of companies in terms of sustainability requires to find a balance between multiple and possibly conflicting criteria. We here rely on composite metrics to rank a set of companies within an industry considering environmental, social and corporate governance criteria. To this end, we connect intuitionistic fuzzy sets and composite programming to propose novel composite metrics. These metrics allow to integrate important environmental, social and governance principles with the gradual membership functions of fuzzy set theory. The main result of this paper is a sustainability assessment method to rank companies within a given industry. In addition to consider multiple objectives, this method integrates two important social principles such as maximum utility and fairness. A real-world example is provided to describe the application of our sustainability assessment method within the motor industry. A further contribution of this paper is a multicriteria generalization of the concept of magnitude of a fuzzy number

Inhibitory control of up states and their propagation in the cortical network

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Inverse Malthusianism and Recycling Economics: The Case of the Textile Industry

[EN] The current use of natural resources in the textile industry leads us to introduce a new economic concept called inverse Malthusianism describing a context in which population grows linearly and resource consumption grows exponentially. Inverse Malthusianism implies an exponential increase in environmental impact that recycling may contribute to reduce. Our main goal is to extend the analysis of materials selection under the principle of equimarginality proposed by Jevons. As a first result, we show the particular circumstances under which policies excluding recycled supplies are never optimal. We also aim to overcome the difficulties of reducing environmental aspects to monetary units. To this end, we propose a multicriteria approach to solve the conventional-recycled materials dilemma considering not only economic but also environmental criteria. Then, we allow producers to enrich their decision-making process with relevant information about the environmental impact of materials selection. Although we use examples of the textile industry to illustrate our results, most of the insights in this paper can be extended to other industries.Salas-Molina, F.; Pla Santamaría, D.; Vercher-Ferrandiz, ML.; Reig-Mullor, J. (2020). Inverse Malthusianism and Recycling Economics: The Case of the Textile Industry. Sustainability. 12(14):1-20. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12145861S1201214Chapagain, A. K., Hoekstra, A. Y., Savenije, H. H. G., & Gautam, R. (2006). The water footprint of cotton consumption: An assessment of the impact of worldwide consumption of cotton products on the water resources in the cotton producing countries. Ecological Economics, 60(1), 186-203. doi:10.1016/j.ecolecon.2005.11.027Esteve-Turrillas, F. A., & de la Guardia, M. (2017). Environmental impact of Recover cotton in textile industry. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 116, 107-115. doi:10.1016/j.resconrec.2016.09.034McInerney, J. (1976). THE SIMPLE ANALYTICS OF NATURAL RESOURCE ECONOMICS. Journal of Agricultural Economics, 27(1), 31-52. doi:10.1111/j.1477-9552.1976.tb00964.xRomero, C. (2012). Short communication. Economics of natural resources: in search of a unified theoretical framework. Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research, 10(1), 29. doi:10.5424/sjar/2012101-329-11Sandin, G., & Peters, G. M. (2018). Environmental impact of textile reuse and recycling – A review. Journal of Cleaner Production, 184, 353-365. doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.02.266Leal Filho, W., Ellams, D., Han, S., Tyler, D., Boiten, V. J., Paço, A., … Balogun, A.-L. (2019). A review of the socio-economic advantages of textile recycling. Journal of Cleaner Production, 218, 10-20. doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.01.210Hotelling, H. (1931). The Economics of Exhaustible Resources. Journal of Political Economy, 39(2), 137-175. doi:10.1086/254195Solow, R. M. (1974). Intergenerational Equity and Exhaustible Resources. The Review of Economic Studies, 41, 29. doi:10.2307/2296370Thampapillai, D. J. (1985). Trade-offs for conflicting social objectives in the extraction of finite energy resources. International Journal of Energy Research, 9(2), 179-192. doi:10.1002/er.4440090209Stahel, W. R. (2016). The circular economy. Nature, 531(7595), 435-438. doi:10.1038/531435aGeissdoerfer, M., Savaget, P., Bocken, N. M. P., & Hultink, E. J. (2017). The Circular Economy – A new sustainability paradigm? Journal of Cleaner Production, 143, 757-768. doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.12.048Ayres, R. U. (1997). Metals recycling: economic and environmental implications. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 21(3), 145-173. doi:10.1016/s0921-3449(97)00033-5Ljungberg, L. Y. (2007). Materials selection and design for development of sustainable products. Materials & Design, 28(2), 466-479. doi:10.1016/j.matdes.2005.09.006Garcia-Bernabeu, A., Hilario-Caballero, A., Pla-Santamaria, D., & Salas-Molina, F. (2020). A Process Oriented MCDM Approach to Construct a Circular Economy Composite Index. Sustainability, 12(2), 618. doi:10.3390/su12020618Scott, A. D. (1953). Notes on User Cost. The Economic Journal, 63(250), 368. doi:10.2307/2227129Romero, C. (1997). Multicriteria decision analysis and environmental economics: An approximation. European Journal of Operational Research, 96(1), 81-89. doi:10.1016/s0377-2217(96)00118-xLaitala, K., Klepp, I., & Henry, B. (2018). Does Use Matter? Comparison of Environmental Impacts of Clothing Based on Fiber Type. Sustainability, 10(7), 2524. doi:10.3390/su10072524Materials Sustainability Indexhttps://msi.higg.orgAlcott, B. (2005). Jevons’ paradox. Ecological Economics, 54(1), 9-21. doi:10.1016/j.ecolecon.2005.03.020Roy, J. (2000). The rebound effect: some empirical evidence from India. Energy Policy, 28(6-7), 433-438. doi:10.1016/s0301-4215(00)00027-6Cambra‐Fierro, J., & Ruiz‐Benitez, R. (2009). Advantages of intermodal logistics platforms: insights from a Spanish platform. Supply Chain Management: An International Journal, 14(6), 418-421. doi:10.1108/1359854091099518

X-ray and radio observations of RX J1826.2-1450/LS 5039

RX J1826.2-1450/LS 5039 has been recently proposed to be a radio emitting high mass X-ray binary. In this paper, we present an analysis of its X-ray timing and spectroscopic properties using different instruments on board the RXTE satellite. The timing analysis indicates the absence of pulsed or periodic emission on time scales of 0.02-2000 s and 2-200 d, respectively. The source spectrum is well represented by a power-law model, plus a Gaussian component describing a strong iron line at 6.6 keV. Significant emission is seen up to 30 keV, and no exponential cut-off at high energy is required. We also study the radio properties of the system according to the GBI-NASA Monitoring Program. RX J1826.2-1450/LS 5039 continues to display moderate radio variability with a clearly non-thermal spectral index. No strong radio outbursts have been detected after several months

Estudio clínico de puentes en extensión

Se han estudiado clínica y radio lógicamente un total de 20 puentes en extensión, de pacientes que han acudido a la Clínica Odontológica de la Universidad de Barcelona. Por estos y otros motivos los resultados clínicos son de un buen número de años de servicios y, aunque muy discutidos, siguen utilizándose en la práctica odontológica

Hepatocellular carcinoma recurrence after direct-acting antiviral therapy: An individual patient data meta-analysis

Abstract Objective The benefit of direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) against HCV following successful treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains controversial. This meta-analysis of individual patient data assessed HCC recurrence risk following DAA administration. Design We pooled the data of 977 consecutive patients from 21 studies of HCV-related cirrhosis and HCC, who achieved complete radiological response after surgical/locoregional treatments and received DAAs (DAA group). Recurrence or death risk was expressed as HCC recurrence or death per 100 person-years (100PY). Propensity score-matched patients from the ITA.LI.CA. cohort (n=328) served as DAA-unexposed controls (no-DAA group). Risk factors for HCC recurrence were identified using random-effects Poisson. Results Recurrence rate and death risk per 100PY in DAA-treated patients were 20 (95% CI 13.9 to 29.8, I2=74.6%) and 5.7 (2.5 to 15.3, I2=54.3), respectively. Predictive factors for recurrence were alpha-fetoprotein logarithm (relative risk (RR)=1.11, 95% CI 1.03 to 1.19; p=0.01, per 1 log of ng/mL), HCC recurrence history pre-DAA initiation (RR=1.11, 95% CI 1.07 to 1.16; p<0.001), performance status (2 vs 0, RR=4.35, 95% CI 1.54 to 11.11; 2 vs 1, RR=3.7, 95% CI 1.3 to 11.11; p=0.01) and tumour burden pre-HCC treatment (multifocal vs solitary nodule, RR=1.75, 95% CI 1.25 to 2.43; p<0.001). No significant difference was observed in RR between the DAA-exposed and DAA-unexposed groups in propensity score-matched patients (RR=0.64, 95% CI 0.37 to 1.1; p=0.1). Conclusion Effects of DAA exposure on HCC recurrence risk remain inconclusive. Active clinical and radiological follow-up of patients with HCC after HCV eradication with DAA is justified

Peptides with Potential Cardioprotective Effects Derived from Dry-Cured Ham Byproducts

"This document is the unedited Author s version of a Submitted Work that was subsequently accepted for publication in Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, copyright © American Chemical Society after peer review. To access the final edited and published work see https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.jafc.8b05888"[EN] The interest in using food byproducts as a source of bioactive peptides has increased significantly in the recent years. The goal of this work was to determine the presence and stability of peptides showing angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE-I), endothelin-converting enzyme (ECE), dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (DPP-IV), and platelet-activating factor-acetylhydrolase (PAF-AH) inhibitory activity derived from dry-cured ham bones, which could exert cardiovascular health benefits. ACE-I and DPP-IV inhibitory peptides were stable against heating typically used in Mediterranean household cooking methods and also to in vitro digestion. PAF-AH inhibitory activity significantly increased following simulated gastrointestinal digestion whereas ECE inhibitory significantly decreased (P < 0.05). The mass spectrometry analysis revealed a notable degradation of hemoglobin-derived peptides after simulated digestion, and the release of a large number of dipeptides that may have contributed to the observed bioactivities. These results suggest that natural peptides from Spanish dry-cured ham bones could contribute to a positive impact on cardiovascular health.This study was funded by the Emerging Research Group Grant from Generalitat Valenciana in Spain (GV/2015/138). A Ramon y Cajal postdoctoral contract to L.M. is acknowledged. Proteomic analysis was performed in the proteomics facility of SCSIE University of Valencia that belongs to ProteoRed, PRB2-ISCIII, supported by grant PT13/0001.Gallego-Ibáñez, M.; Mora Soler, L.; Hayes, M.; Reig Riera, MM.; Toldrá Vilardell, F. (2019). Peptides with Potential Cardioprotective Effects Derived from Dry-Cured Ham Byproducts. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 67(4):1115-1126. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.8b05888S1115112667

Should animal welfare be included in educational programs? Attitudes of secondary and university students from eight EU Countries

Animal welfare educational programs aim to promote positive attitudes of future generations towards animal production systems. This study investigated whether secondary and university students in the majors that are not related to AW teaching believe that this concept should be included also in their educational programs. The determinant factors affecting students' attitudes towards such a decision were analyzed. This research has focused on eight European countries (Spain, the United Kingdom, Poland, Greece, Lithuania, Romania, Italy, and Sweden) targeting 3,881 respondents composed of 1,952 secondary and 1,929 university students. Results showed that female university students with a level of subjective and objective knowledge on AW and who required more restrictive AW regulations, gave support to include the concept in their educational programs. However, Students who support medical experiments that use animals to improve human health were less likely to accept AW education. Students in Italy compared to those in Sweden were prone to support AW educational programs. Results highlight the importance of teaching the AW concept as a comprehensive teaching tool at universities and schools' programs as it may constitute a starting point for a more sustainable society toward improving animal living conditions, mainly in the Mediterranean countries in secondary schools.Postprint (author's final draft